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The climate of Rajasthan in northwestern India is generally arid or semi-arid and features fairly hot temperatures over the year with extreme temperatures in both summer and winter. The hottest months are May and June. The monsoon season is from July to September; however, rainfall remains moderate. [1]
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Under the Köppen climate classification the greater part of Rajasthan falls under Hot Desert (BWh) and remaining portions of the state falls under Hot Semi Arid (BSh); the climate of the state ranges from arid to semi-arid. Rajasthan receives low and variable rainfalls and thereby is prone to droughts. As Rajasthan is the dry and hot state, Unbelievable hailstorm covered Nagaur, Rajasthan in a thin snow-like icy blanket in December 2019. Later on, it is clarified that this is not a snowfall but a hailstorm, endorse by western disturbances. The climate has changed in winters like never before. [2]
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Due to the Desert Geography, frequently climb above 40 to 45 degrees Celsius in most places. Due to its location, summers are the longest season in Rajasthan. In this time tourist activities are very low.
The cold weather commences early in October and ends around the end of February and sometimes the temperatures reach nearly 2-degree Celsius [*record in 1964 in JAIPUR the temperature reached 0-degree Celsius on 13 December.]
The state has two distinct periods of rainfall: rainfall due to the South-West Monsoon after summer and rainfall due to Western Disturbances.
| Winter (Jan - Feb) | Summer (Mar – May) | Monsoon (Jun – Sep) | Post-monsoon (Oct – Dec) | Year-round | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Avg | |
| Jaipur(Highest) [3] | 22.4 | 25.0 | 31.0 | 37.1 | 40.3 | 39.3 | 34.1 | 32.4 | 33.8 | 33.6 | 29.2 | 24.4 | 31.9 |
| Jaipur(Lowest) [3] | 08.4 | 10.8 | 16.0 | 21.8 | 25.9 | 27.4 | 25.8 | 24.7 | 23.2 | 19.4 | 13.8 | 9.2 | 18.8 |
| — | Winter (Jan – Feb) | colspan=3 a | Summer (Mar – May) | Monsoon 1 (Jun – Sep) | Monsoon 2 (Oct – Dec) | Year-round | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| City | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Total |
| Jaipur [3] | 7.0 | 10.6 | 3.1 | 4.9 | 17.9 | 63.4 | 223.3 | 205.9 | 66.3 | 25.0 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 637.4 |
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Rajasthan receives low and variable rainfalls and thereby is prone to droughts. Availability of water is less due to the absence of rivers and lakes.
Occasional floods in cities due to improper drainage occurs. Sometimes floods also occur in western Rajasthan due to impervious base rocks.
In some industrial and urban centers pollution has been reported occasionally.
| Climate data for Jaipur (Köppen BSh) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.7 (89.1) | 36.7 (98.1) | 42.8 (109.0) | 44.9 (112.8) | 49.0 (120.2) | 47.2 (117.0) | 46.7 (116.1) | 41.7 (107.1) | 41.7 (107.1) | 40.0 (104.0) | 36.4 (97.5) | 31.5 (88.7) | 49.0 (120.2) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 27.2 (81.0) | 31.4 (88.5) | 37.1 (98.8) | 41.9 (107.4) | 44.3 (111.7) | 43.7 (110.7) | 39.4 (102.9) | 36.1 (97.0) | 37.5 (99.5) | 36.9 (98.4) | 33.1 (91.6) | 28.3 (82.9) | 44.8 (112.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.7 (78.3) | 31.6 (88.9) | 37.4 (99.3) | 40.7 (105.3) | 39.6 (103.3) | 34.6 (94.3) | 32.7 (90.9) | 34.2 (93.6) | 33.8 (92.8) | 29.3 (84.7) | 24.5 (76.1) | 32.2 (90.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) | 11.4 (52.5) | 16.8 (62.2) | 22.2 (72.0) | 26.5 (79.7) | 27.7 (81.9) | 26.1 (79.0) | 24.8 (76.6) | 23.6 (74.5) | 19.6 (67.3) | 14.0 (57.2) | 9.5 (49.1) | 19.2 (66.6) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) | 6.1 (43.0) | 11.3 (52.3) | 16.7 (62.1) | 20.9 (69.6) | 22.2 (72.0) | 23.1 (73.6) | 22.3 (72.1) | 20.8 (69.4) | 15.2 (59.4) | 9.1 (48.4) | 4.8 (40.6) | 3.5 (38.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −2.2 (28.0) | −2.2 (28.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | 9.4 (48.9) | 15.6 (60.1) | 19.1 (66.4) | 20.6 (69.1) | 18.9 (66.0) | 15.0 (59.0) | 11.1 (52.0) | 3.3 (37.9) | 0.0 (32.0) | −2.2 (28.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 5.9 (0.23) | 10.2 (0.40) | 4.4 (0.17) | 7.1 (0.28) | 12.2 (0.48) | 61.9 (2.44) | 190.5 (7.50) | 203.4 (8.01) | 79.6 (3.13) | 19.4 (0.76) | 1.9 (0.07) | 3.8 (0.15) | 600.3 (23.63) |
| Average rainy days | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.3 | 4.2 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 4.8 | 1.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 34.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 37 | 29 | 21 | 17 | 19 | 33 | 60 | 67 | 50 | 31 | 34 | 39 | 36 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 6 (43) | 7 (45) | 7 (45) | 8 (46) | 12 (54) | 19 (66) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 21 (70) | 13 (55) | 9 (48) | 6 (43) | 13 (55) |
| Average ultraviolet index | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department [4] [5] [6] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015) [7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas [8] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Jodhpur (Köppen BWh/BSh) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.2 (88.2) | 36.0 (96.8) | 41.6 (106.9) | 45.0 (113.0) | 48.9 (120.0) | 47.8 (118.0) | 42.6 (108.7) | 40.3 (104.5) | 42.5 (108.5) | 40.6 (105.1) | 37.5 (99.5) | 32.3 (90.1) | 48.9 (120.0) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 24.5 (76.1) | 27.4 (81.3) | 33.4 (92.1) | 38.4 (101.1) | 41.2 (106.2) | 40.0 (104.0) | 35.2 (95.4) | 33.5 (92.3) | 34.9 (94.8) | 35.8 (96.4) | 31.2 (88.2) | 26.9 (80.4) | 33.5 (92.3) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.6 (49.3) | 11.7 (53.1) | 17.3 (63.1) | 22.6 (72.7) | 26.5 (79.7) | 27.8 (82.0) | 26.4 (79.5) | 25.4 (77.7) | 23.9 (75.0) | 20.1 (68.2) | 14.7 (58.5) | 11.2 (52.2) | 19.8 (67.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.8 (35.2) | 0.7 (33.3) | 4.4 (39.9) | 15.6 (60.1) | 15.4 (59.7) | 20.0 (68.0) | 21.0 (69.8) | 21.2 (70.2) | 18.4 (65.1) | 12.5 (54.5) | 5.8 (42.4) | 1.7 (35.1) | 0.7 (33.3) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 4.0 (0.16) | 4.0 (0.16) | 1.3 (0.05) | 4.8 (0.19) | 17.4 (0.69) | 40.0 (1.57) | 120.5 (4.74) | 111.8 (4.40) | 49.9 (1.96) | 6.9 (0.27) | 1.9 (0.07) | 0.5 (0.02) | 362.9 (14.29) |
| Average rainy days | 0.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 2.6 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 21.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 27 | 24 | 22 | 19 | 20 | 33 | 52 | 58 | 45 | 29 | 32 | 33 | 32 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 6 (43) | 7 (45) | 7 (45) | 8 (46) | 12 (54) | 19 (66) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 21 (70) | 13 (55) | 9 (48) | 6 (43) | 13 (55) |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 303.8 | 291.0 | 288.3 | 279.0 | 285.2 | 132.0 | 96.1 | 120.9 | 180.0 | 232.5 | 270.0 | 294.5 | 2,773.3 |
| Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.8 | 10.3 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 3.9 | 6.0 | 7.5 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 7.6 |
| Average ultraviolet index | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 5 | 9 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department (sun 1971–2000) [9] [10] [11] [12] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015) [13] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas [14] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Bikaner (Köppen BWh) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.9 (91.2) | 37.2 (99.0) | 42.8 (109.0) | 47.2 (117.0) | 49.4 (120.9) | 48.9 (120.0) | 47.8 (118.0) | 43.4 (110.1) | 43.9 (111.0) | 42.2 (108.0) | 38.5 (101.3) | 33.5 (92.3) | 49.4 (120.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.4 (74.1) | 26.6 (79.9) | 32.4 (90.3) | 38.4 (101.1) | 42.0 (107.6) | 41.6 (106.9) | 38.6 (101.5) | 37.3 (99.1) | 37.6 (99.7) | 36.2 (97.2) | 31.1 (88.0) | 25.6 (78.1) | 34.2 (93.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 7.3 (45.1) | 10.9 (51.6) | 16.7 (62.1) | 22.6 (72.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 29.3 (84.7) | 28.4 (83.1) | 27.2 (81.0) | 25.7 (78.3) | 20.2 (68.4) | 13.6 (56.5) | 8.3 (46.9) | 19.8 (67.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −4.0 (24.8) | −2.5 (27.5) | −0.6 (30.9) | 8.3 (46.9) | 13.7 (56.7) | 17.8 (64.0) | 20.5 (68.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 16.5 (61.7) | 7.6 (45.7) | 0.6 (33.1) | −2.8 (27.0) | −4.0 (24.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 6.2 (0.24) | 9.0 (0.35) | 8.4 (0.33) | 7.4 (0.29) | 29.4 (1.16) | 39.6 (1.56) | 92.5 (3.64) | 54.5 (2.15) | 25.6 (1.01) | 12.3 (0.48) | 1.0 (0.04) | 2.4 (0.09) | 288.4 (11.35) |
| Average rainy days | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 3.5 | 2.0 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 19.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 33 | 27 | 20 | 15 | 17 | 27 | 45 | 47 | 37 | 25 | 30 | 35 | 30 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 3 (37) | 5 (41) | 7 (45) | 9 (48) | 13 (55) | 19 (66) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 20 (68) | 12 (54) | 8 (46) | 5 (41) | 12 (54) |
| Average ultraviolet index | 5 | 6 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 7 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department [15] [16] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015) [17] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas [18] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Jaisalmer (Köppen BWh) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 35.8 (96.4) | 37.8 (100.0) | 42.3 (108.1) | 45.8 (114.4) | 48.0 (118.4) | 49.2 (120.6) | 47.0 (116.6) | 43.3 (109.9) | 43.3 (109.9) | 42.2 (108.0) | 38.8 (101.8) | 34.4 (93.9) | 49.2 (120.6) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.8 (74.8) | 27.3 (81.1) | 33.3 (91.9) | 39.1 (102.4) | 41.9 (107.4) | 40.9 (105.6) | 38.1 (100.6) | 36.6 (97.9) | 37.1 (98.8) | 36.5 (97.7) | 31.3 (88.3) | 25.4 (77.7) | 34.3 (93.7) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 7.4 (45.3) | 10.8 (51.4) | 18.1 (64.6) | 21.8 (71.2) | 24.8 (76.6) | 25.8 (78.4) | 25.3 (77.5) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.2 (75.6) | 19.4 (66.9) | 14.0 (57.2) | 8.8 (47.8) | 18.6 (65.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.9 (21.4) | −4.4 (24.1) | 3.4 (38.1) | 10.6 (51.1) | 15.1 (59.2) | 17.2 (63.0) | 20.1 (68.2) | 19.1 (66.4) | 12.9 (55.2) | 8.3 (46.9) | 2.0 (35.6) | −0.6 (30.9) | −5.9 (21.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 1.3 (0.05) | 5.2 (0.20) | 3.3 (0.13) | 7.2 (0.28) | 7.2 (0.28) | 21.0 (0.83) | 59.2 (2.33) | 72.2 (2.84) | 19.3 (0.76) | 3.0 (0.12) | 0.7 (0.03) | 2.1 (0.08) | 201.6 (7.94) |
| Average rainy days | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 12.0 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 31 | 26 | 22 | 19 | 21 | 29 | 45 | 50 | 39 | 26 | 27 | 31 | 31 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 7 (45) | 10 (50) | 13 (55) | 14 (57) | 17 (63) | 22 (72) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 18 (64) | 13 (55) | 9 (48) | 16 (61) |
| Average ultraviolet index | 5 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 4 | 7 |
| Source 1: India Meteorological Department [19] [20] Time and Date (dewpoints, 2005-2015) [21] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: Weather Atlas [22] | |||||||||||||
Jaipur, formerly Jeypore, is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan. As of 2011, the city had a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City, due to the dominant colour scheme of its buildings. It is also known as the Paris of India, and C. V. Raman called it the Island of Glory. It is located 268 km from the national capital New Delhi. Jaipur was founded in 1727 by the Kachhwaha Rajput ruler Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amer, after whom the city is named. It was one of the earliest planned cities of modern India, designed by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. During the British Colonial period, the city served as the capital of Jaipur State. After independence in 1947, Jaipur was made the capital of the newly formed state of Rajasthan.
Pilani is a small town located, near the city of Jhunjhunu in the Jhunjhunu district of Rajasthan, India. Administratively, it forms a part of Jhunjhunu district. The place became popular since the establishment of BITS Pilani.
The Climate of Mumbai is a tropical, wet and dry climate. Mumbai's climate can be best described as moderately hot with a high level of humidity. Its coastal nature and tropical location ensure temperatures do not fluctuate much throughout the year.
Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan, India. It is located 330 kilometres (205 mi) northwest of the state capital, Jaipur. Bikaner city is the administrative headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division. The Collector and District Magistrate of Bikaner is Sh. Bhagwati Prasad Kalal, and the Superintendent of Police is Tejaswini Gautam IPS.
Jodhpur is the second-largest city in the Indian state of Rajasthan and officially the second metropolitan city of the state. It was formerly the seat of the princely state of Jodhpur State. Jodhpur was historically the capital of the Kingdom of Marwar, which is now part of Rajasthan. Jodhpur is a popular tourist destination, featuring many palaces, forts, and temples, set in the stark landscape of the Thar Desert. It is popularly known as the "Blue City" among people of Rajasthan and all over India. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Jodhpur district and Jodhpur division.
Jaisalmer(pronunciation), nicknamed "The Golden city", is a city in the Indian state of Rajasthan, located 575 kilometres (357 mi) west of the state capital Jaipur. It is the administrative headquarters of Jaisalmer District. Before Indian independence, the town served as the capital of the Jaisalmer State, ruled by the Bhati Rajputs. Jaisalmer stands on a ridge of yellowish sandstone and is crowned by the ancient Jaisalmer Fort. This fort contains a royal palace and several ornate Jain temples. Many of the houses and temples of both the fort and of the town below are built of finely sculptured sandstone. The town lies in the heart of the Thar Desert and has a population, including the residents of the fort, of about 78,000.
Churu is a city in the desert region of Rajasthan state of India. It is known as the gateway to the Thar Desert of Rajasthan. It is the administrative headquarter of Churu District. It lies in the Thar Desert on the National Highway 52 connecting Sangrur to Ankola and is a junction station on the railway line to Bikaner. It is near the shifting sand dunes of the Thar Desert and has grand havelis with marvelous fresco paintings, namely Kanhaiya Lal Bagla Ki Haweli and Surana Haweli, with hundreds of small windows. It also has some fine Chhatris. Near the town is a religious seat of the Nath sect of Sadhus where there are life-size marble statues of their deities and a place for prayers. At the center of the town is a fort built about 500 years ago.
Sikar is a city and municipal council in the Sikar district of the state of Rajasthan in India. It is the administrative headquarters of the Sikar district. It is part of the Shekhawati region, which consists of Sikar, Churu and Jhunjhunu. Sikar is a major coaching hub of the country post Kota for competitive examination preparations and has a number of engineering and medical coaching institutes.
Sawai Madhopur is a city and Municipal Council in the Sawai Madhopur District in Rajasthan state, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Sawai Madhopur District of Rajasthan. Ranthambore National Park which is 7 km from the railway station and Ranthambore Fort, a UNESCO World Heritage Site are located near Sawai Madhopur.
Barmer District is a district in Rajasthan state of India. It is located in the western part of Rajasthan state forming a part of the Thar Desert. Barmer is the third largest district by area in Rajasthan and fifth largest district in India. Occupying an area of 28,387 km2. Being in the western part of the state, it includes a part of the Thar Desert. Jaisalmer is to the north of this district while Jalore is in its south. Pali and Jodhpur form its eastern border and it shares a border with Pakistan in the west. Partially being a desert, this district has a large variation in temperature. The temperature in summer can rise up to 51 °C and falls near to 0 °C in winter. Luni is the longest river in Barmer district. After travelling a length of almost 500 km, it passes through Jalore and merges in the marshy land of Runn of Kutch. District headquarters is in the town of Barmer. The other major towns in the district are: Balotra, Guda Malani, Baytoo, Siwana, and Chohatan. Recently, a large onshore oil field has been discovered and made functional in Barmer district. Now Barmer is also famous for Pomegrante. A village near Balotra name, Budiwada is named by Anar village. For reference check map of budiwada..It is a place of mystery.
Phalodi is a municipality in Phalodi district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is the headquarters for Phalodi tehsil. Phalodi is also called the "salt city" due to the salt industry in Rin. Phalodi is in the buffer zone of Thar Desert and often subject to extreme temperature conditions due to its arid climate. It holds the record for the highest verified temperature recorded in Rajasthan at 51.0 °C (123.8 °F) on 19 May 2016. It is also the highest temperature ever recorded in India.
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Kolkata has a Tropical wet-and-dry climate. The annual mean temperature is 26.8 °C (80 °F); monthly mean temperatures range from 15 °C to 30 °C. Summers are hot and humid with temperatures in the low 30's and during dry spells the maximum temperatures often exceed 40 °C (104 °F) during May and June. Winter tends to last for only about two and a half months, with seasonal lows dipping to 9 °C – 11 °C (48.2 °F – 51.8 °F) between December and January. The highest recorded temperature is 43.9 °C (111 °F) and the lowest is 5 °C (41 °F). Often during early summer, dusty squalls followed by spells of thunderstorm and heavy rains lash the city, bringing relief from the humid heat. These thunderstorms are convective in nature, and is locally known as Kal baisakhi.
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