Desulfobacteraceae

Desulfobacteraceae
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Pseudomonadati
Phylum:	Thermodesulfobacteriota
Class:	Desulfobacteria
Order:	Desulfobacterales
Family:	Desulfobacteraceae Kuever, Rainey & Widdel 2006
Genera [1]
" Algorimarina " Desulfobacter Desulfobacula Desulfobotulus Desulfocella Desulfocicer Desulfoconvexum Desulfofaba Desulforapulum Desulfospira Desulfotignum

The Desulfobacteraceae are a family of Thermodesulfobacteriota. They reduce sulfates to sulfides to obtain energy and are strictly anaerobic. They have a respiratory and fermentative type of metabolism. Some species are chemolithotrophic and use inorganic materials to obtain energy and use hydrogen as their electron donor.

Biology and biochemistry

Morphology

Desulfobacteraceae vary widely in shape and size across the family.

Genera and species of Desulfobacteraceae may only be definitively distinguished by analysis of 16S rDNA sequences, but certain genera may be determined through physiological characteristics alone. Desulfofrigus displays an optimal growth rate at very low temperatures compared to other sulfate reducing bacteria. It is also unable to grow in the presence of propionate.

Metabolism

Most species of Desulfobacteraceae use sulfur compounds as their main energy source. The most common source used is sulfate which, through metabolic processes, is reduced to sulfide. In an environment with little or no sulfate, sulfite or elemental sulfur may also be used and reduced into sulfide. In rare cases nitrate may also be used as a food source and reduced into ammonia. They have very efficient sulfate reduction rates (between 12 and 423 mu mol/dm³ day⁻¹) in optimal conditions. ^[2]

Habitat

Desulfobacteraceae may be found in a range of locations but are most often found in saline and hypersaline waters including salt lakes and the ocean. They have also been found in polar ice in Antarctica. They may be found trapped within ice, floating within the water column, or living on or in other organisms such as sea sponges. ^[3]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[1] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). ^[4]

16S rRNA based LTP_08_2023 [5] [6] [7]

120 marker proteins based GTDB 10-RS226 [8] [9] [10]

Desulfocella Brandt, Patel & Ingvorsen 1999 Desulfofabaceae Desulfofaba Knoblauch, Sahm & Jorgensen 1999 Desulfosalsimonadaceae Desulfonatronobacter Sorokin et al. 2012 Desulfosalsimonas Kjeldsen et al. 2010 other Desulfolunaceae Desulfatiferula Cravo-Laureau et al. 2007 Desulfofrigus Knoblauch, Sahm & Jorgensen 1999 Desulfoluna Suzuki et al. 2008 Desulforegulaceae Desulforegula Rees & Patel 2001 Desulfobacteraceae Desulfobotulus Kuever, Rainey & Widdel 2009 Desulforapulum Galushko & Kuever 2021 Desulfocicer Galushko & Kuever 2021 Desulfospira Finster, Liesack & Tindall 1997 Desulfoconvexum Konneke et al. 2013 Desulfobacula Rabus et al. 2000 Desulfotignum Kuever et al. 2001 Desulfobacter Widdel 1981

Desulfosudaceae Desulfosudis Desulfosalsimonadaceae Desulfosalsimonas Kjeldsen et al. 2010 Desulforegulaceae Desulforegula ASO4‑4 Desulfobotulus Desulfolunaceae Desulfoluna Desulfobacteraceae Desulforapulum " Desulfamplus " Descamps et al. 2017 Desulfocicer Desulfobacula Desulfospira Desulfotignum Desulfobacter

See also

• Cable bacteria
• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera

References

Notes

1. Desulfobacteraceae in LPSN ; Freese, H. M.; Meier-Kolthoff, J. P.; Sardà Carbasse, J.; Afolayan, A. O.; Göker, M. (29 October 2025). "TYGS and LPSN in 2025: a Global Core Biodata Resource for genome-based classification and nomenclature of prokaryotes within DSMZ Digital Diversity". Nucleic Acids Research. 53: D1 –D12. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaf1110.
2. "Web of Science [v.5.19] - All Databases Full Record". apps.webofknowledge.com. Retrieved 2015-10-16.
3. Ahn, Young-Beom; Kerkhof, Lee J.; Häggblom, Max M. (2009-09-01). "Desulfoluna spongiiphila sp. nov., a dehalogenating bacterium in the Desulfobacteraceae from the marine sponge Aplysina aerophoba". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 59 (Pt 9): 2133–2139. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.005884-0 . ISSN   1466-5026. PMID   19605712.
4. Schoch CL; et al. "Desulfobacteraceae". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2025-06-05.
5. "The LTP" . Retrieved 20 November 2023.
6. "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 20 November 2023.
7. "LTP_08_2023 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 20 November 2023.
8. "GTDB release 10-RS226". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 1 May 2025.
9. "bac120_r226.sp_label". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 1 May 2025.
10. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 1 May 2025.

Sources

• Foti, M., D. Y. Sorokin, B. Lomans, M. Mussman, E. E. Zacharova, N. V. Pimenov, J. G. Kuenen, and G. Muyzer. "Diversity, Activity, and Abundance of Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria in Saline and Hypersaline Soda Lakes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73.7 (2007): 2093–100.
• Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria. New York, New York: Springer. ISBN   978-0-387-24145-6.
• Purcell, Alicia M. et al. “Microbial Sulfur Transformations in Sediments from Subglacial Lake Whillans.” Frontiers in Microbiology 5 (2014): 594. PMC. Web. 20 Oct. 2015.