EFL League One

Last updated

EFL League One
EFL League One Logo.svg
Founded2004;20 years ago (2004)
  • 1992–2004 (as Division Two)
  • 1958–1992 (as Division Three)
  • 1921–1958 (as Division Three North/South)
  • 1920–1921 (as Division Three)
CountryEngland
Number of teams 24
Level on pyramid 3
Promotion to EFL Championship
Relegation to EFL League Two
Domestic cup(s) FA Cup
League cup(s)
International cup(s)
Current champions Portsmouth (1st title)
(2023–24)
Most championships Wigan Athletic (3 titles)
TV partners List of broadcasters
Website efl.com/competitions/efl-league-one
Current: 2023–24 EFL League One

The English Football League One, known as Sky Bet League One for sponsorship purposes or simply League One in England, is the second-highest division of the English Football League and the third-tier overall in the English football league system.

Contents

Introduced in the 2004–05 English football season as Football League One, it is a rebrand of the former Football League Second Division, which itself is a rebrand of the now-defunct Football League Third Division before the 1992 launch of the Premier League.

Fleetwood Town held the longest tenure in the division following promotion from League Two at the end of the 2013–14 season until their relegation this season. There are eight former Premier League clubs currently competing in this division; Barnsley (1997–98), Blackpool (2010–11), Bolton Wanderers (1995–96, 1997–98, and 2001–12), Charlton Athletic (1998–99 and 2000–07), Derby County (1996–02 and 2007–08), Portsmouth (2003–10), Reading (2006–08 and 2012–13), and Wigan Athletic (2005–13). [1]

Structure

There are 24 clubs in this division. Each club plays each club twice. Three points are awarded for a win, one for a draw, and none for a loss. At the end of the season a table of the final League standings is determined, based on the following criteria in this order: points obtained, goal difference, goals scored, an aggregate of the results between two or more clubs (ranked using the previous three criteria), most matches won, most goals scored away from home, fewest "penalty points" based on yellow and red cards received, followed by fewest straight red cards for certain offenses. If two or more teams are still tied after examining all of these criteria, they will share the higher place between them. The only exception would be if the tied teams span the boundary between 2nd and 3rd, 6th and 7th, or 20th and 21st place, in which case one or more play-off matches would be arranged between the tied clubs.[ citation needed ]

At the end of each season the top two clubs, together with the winner of the play-offs between the clubs which finished in the third to sixth positions, are promoted to EFL Championship and are replaced by the three clubs that finished at the bottom of that division.

Similarly, the four clubs that finished at the bottom of EFL League One are relegated to EFL League Two and are replaced by the top three clubs and the club that won the fourth to seventh place play-offs in that division.

Current members

TeamLocationStadiumCapacity
Barnsley Barnsley Oakwell 23,287
Blackpool Blackpool Bloomfield Road 17,338
Bolton Wanderers Horwich Toughsheet Community Stadium 28,723
Bristol Rovers Bristol Memorial Stadium 9,832
Burton Albion Burton upon Trent Pirelli Stadium 6,912
Cambridge United Cambridge Abbey Stadium 8,127
Carlisle United Carlisle Brunton Park 17,949
Charlton Athletic London (Charlton) The Valley 27,111
Cheltenham Town Cheltenham Whaddon Road 7,066
Derby County Derby Pride Park Stadium 32,956
Exeter City Exeter St. James Park 8,720
Fleetwood Town Fleetwood Highbury Stadium 5,327
Leyton Orient London (Leyton) Brisbane Road 9,271
Lincoln City Lincoln Sincil Bank 10,780
Northampton Town Northampton Sixfields Stadium 7,798
Oxford United Oxford Kassam Stadium 12,500
Peterborough United Peterborough London Road 15,314
Portsmouth Portsmouth Fratton Park 20,899
Port Vale Burslem Vale Park 15,036
Reading Reading Madejski Stadium 24,161
Shrewsbury Town Shrewsbury New Meadow 9,875
Stevenage Stevenage Broadhall Way 7,800
Wigan Athletic Wigan DW Stadium 25,138
Wycombe Wanderers High Wycombe Adams Park 10,137

Teams promoted from League One

SeasonWinnerRunner-upPromoted Play-off Winner (Position)
2004–05 Luton Town Hull City Sheffield Wednesday (5th)
2005–06 Southend United Colchester United Barnsley (5th)
2006–07 Scunthorpe United Bristol City Blackpool (3rd)
2007–08 Swansea Nottingham Forest Doncaster Rovers (3rd)
2008–09 Leicester City Peterborough United Scunthorpe United (6th)
2009–10 Norwich City Leeds United Millwall (3rd)
2010–11 Brighton & Hove Albion Southampton Peterborough United (4th)
2011–12 Charlton Athletic Sheffield Wednesday Huddersfield Town (4th)
2012–13 Doncaster Rovers AFC Bournemouth Yeovil Town (4th)
2013–14 Wolverhampton Wanderers Brentford Rotherham United (4th)
2014–15 Bristol City Milton Keynes Dons Preston North End (3rd)
2015–16 Wigan Athletic Burton Albion Barnsley (6th)
2016–17 Sheffield United Bolton Wanderers Millwall (6th)
2017–18 Wigan Athletic Blackburn Rovers Rotherham United (4th)
2018–19 Luton Town Barnsley Charlton Athletic (3rd)
2019–20 Coventry City Rotherham United Wycombe Wanderers (3rd)
2020–21 Hull City Peterborough United Blackpool (3rd)
2021–22 Wigan Athletic Rotherham United Sunderland (5th)
2022–23 Plymouth Argyle Ipswich Town Sheffield Wednesday (3rd)
2023–24 Portsmouth Derby County TBD

For past winners at this level before 2004, see List of winners of the EFL League One and predecessors.

Play-off results

SeasonSemi-final (1st Leg)Semi-final (2nd Leg)Final
2004–05 Sheffield Wednesday 1–0 Brentford
Hartlepool United 2–0 Tranmere Rovers
Brentford 1–2 Sheffield Wednesday
Tranmere Rovers 2–0 Hartlepool United
(Hartlepool won 6–5 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Sheffield Wednesday 4–2 Hartlepool United (a.e.t.)
2005–06 Barnsley 0–1 Huddersfield Town
Swansea City 1–1 Brentford
Huddersfield Town 1–3 Barnsley
Brentford 0–2 Swansea City
Barnsley 2–2 Swansea City
(Barnsley won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
2006–07 Yeovil Town 0–2 Nottingham Forest
Oldham Athletic 1–2 Blackpool
Nottingham Forest 2–5 Yeovil Town (a.e.t.)
Blackpool 3–1 Oldham Athletic
Blackpool 2–0 Yeovil Town
2007–08 Southend United 0–0 Doncaster Rovers
Leeds United 1–2 Carlisle United
Doncaster Rovers 5–1 Southend United
Carlisle United 0–2 Leeds United
Leeds United 0–1 Doncaster Rovers
2008–09 Scunthorpe United 1–1 Milton Keynes Dons
Millwall 1–0 Leeds United
Milton Keynes Dons 0–0 Scunthorpe United
(Scunthorpe won 7–6 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Leeds United 1–1 Millwall
Scunthorpe United 3–2 Millwall
2009–10 Swindon Town 2–1 Charlton Athletic
Huddersfield Town 0–0 Millwall
Charlton Athletic 2–1 Swindon Town
(Swindon won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Millwall 2–0 Huddersfield Town
Millwall 1–0 Swindon Town
2010–11 AFC Bournemouth 1–1 Huddersfield Town
Milton Keynes Dons 3–2 Peterborough United
Huddersfield Town 3–3 AFC Bournemouth
(Huddersfield won 4–2 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Peterborough United 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
Huddersfield Town 0–3 Peterborough United
2011–12 Stevenage 0–0 Sheffield United
Milton Keynes Dons 0–2 Huddersfield Town
Sheffield United 1–0 Stevenage
Huddersfield Town 1–2 Milton Keynes Dons
Huddersfield Town 0–0 Sheffield United
(Huddersfield won 8–7 on penalties, a.e.t.)
2012–13 Sheffield United 1–0 Yeovil Town
Swindon Town 1–1 Brentford
Yeovil Town 2–0 Sheffield United
Brentford 3–3 Swindon Town
(Brentford won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Brentford 1–2 Yeovil Town
2013–14 Peterborough United 1–1 Leyton Orient
Preston North End 1–1 Rotherham United
Leyton Orient 2–1 Peterborough United
Rotherham United 3–1 Preston North End
Leyton Orient 2–2 Rotherham United
(Rotherham won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
2014–15 Chesterfield 0–1 Preston North End
Sheffield United 1–2 Swindon Town
Preston North End 3–0 Chesterfield
Swindon Town 5–5 Sheffield United
Preston North End 4–0 Swindon Town
2015–16 Barnsley 3–0 Walsall
Bradford City 1–3 Millwall
Walsall 1–3 Barnsley
Millwall 1–1 Bradford City
Barnsley 3–1 Millwall
2016–17 Millwall 0–0 Scunthorpe United
Bradford City 1–0 Fleetwood Town
Scunthorpe United 2–3 Millwall
Fleetwood Town 0–0 Bradford City
Bradford City 0–1 Millwall
2017–18 Charlton Athletic 0–1 Shrewsbury Town
Scunthorpe United 2–2 Rotherham United
Shrewsbury Town 1–0 Charlton Athletic
Rotherham United 2–0 Scunthorpe United
Rotherham United 2–1 Shrewsbury Town (a.e.t.)
2018–19 Doncaster Rovers 1–2 Charlton Athletic
Sunderland 1–0 Portsmouth
Charlton Athletic 2–3 Doncaster Rovers
(Charlton Athletic won 4–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Portsmouth 0–0 Sunderland
Charlton Athletic 2–1 Sunderland
2019–20 Portsmouth 1–1 Oxford United
Fleetwood Town 1–4 Wycombe Wanderers
Oxford United 1–1 Portsmouth
(Oxford United won 5–4 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Wycombe Wanderers 2–2 Fleetwood Town
Oxford United 1–2 Wycombe Wanderers
2020–21 Oxford United 0–3 Blackpool
Lincoln City 2–0 Sunderland
Blackpool 3-3 Oxford United
Sunderland 2–1 Lincoln City
Blackpool 2–1 Lincoln City
2021–22 Wycombe Wanderers 2–0 Milton Keynes Dons
Sunderland 1–0 Sheffield Wednesday
Milton Keynes Dons 1–0 Wycombe Wanderers
Sheffield Wednesday 1–1 Sunderland
Sunderland 2–0 Wycombe Wanderers
2022–23 Peterborough United 4–0 Sheffield Wednesday
Bolton Wanderers 1–1 Barnsley
Sheffield Wednesday 5–1 Peterborough United
(Sheffield Wednesday won 5–3 on penalties, a.e.t.)
Barnsley 1–0 Bolton Wanderers
Sheffield Wednesday 1–0 Barnsley (a.e.t.)
2023–24 Barnsley TBD Bolton Wanderers
Oxford United TBD Peterborough United
Bolton Wanderers TBD Barnsley
Peterborough United TBD Oxford United
TBD

Relegated teams

SeasonClubs
2004–05 Torquay United (51), Wrexham (43), Peterborough United (39), Stockport County (26)
2005–06 Hartlepool United (50), Milton Keynes Dons (50), Swindon Town (48), Walsall (47)
2006–07 Chesterfield (47), Bradford City (47), Rotherham United (38), Brentford (37)
2007–08 AFC Bournemouth (48), Gillingham (46), Port Vale (38), Luton Town (33)
2008–09 Northampton Town (49), Crewe Alexandra (46), Cheltenham Town (39), Hereford United (34)
2009–10 Gillingham (50), Wycombe Wanderers (45), Southend United (43), Stockport County (25)
2010–11 Dagenham & Redbridge (47), Bristol Rovers (45), Plymouth Argyle (42), Swindon Town (41)
2011–12 Wycombe Wanderers (43), Chesterfield (42), Exeter City (42), Rochdale (38)
2012–13 Scunthorpe United (48), Bury (41), Hartlepool United (41), Portsmouth (32)
2013–14 Stevenage (47), Shrewsbury Town (45), Carlisle United (42), Tranmere Rovers (42)
2014–15 Notts County (50), Crawley Town (50), Leyton Orient (49), Yeovil Town (40)
2015–16 Doncaster Rovers (46), Blackpool (46), Colchester United (40), Crewe Alexandra (34)
2016–17 Port Vale (49), Swindon Town (44), Coventry City (39), Chesterfield (37)
2017–18 Oldham Athletic (50), Northampton Town (47), Milton Keynes Dons (45), Bury (36)
2018–19 Plymouth Argyle (50), Walsall (47), Scunthorpe United (46), Bradford City (41)
2019–20 Tranmere Rovers (32), Southend United (19), Bolton Wanderers (14), Bury [a]
2020–21 Rochdale (47), Northampton Town (45), Swindon Town (43), Bristol Rovers (38)
2021–22 Gillingham (40), Doncaster Rovers (38), AFC Wimbledon (37), Crewe Alexandra (29)
2022–23 Milton Keynes Dons (45), Morecambe (44), Accrington Stanley (44), Forest Green Rovers (27)
2023–24 Cheltenham Town (44), Fleetwood Town (43), Port Vale (41), Carlisle United (30)

a Expelled in August 2019 after financial breaches.

Top scorers

SeasonTop scorer(s)Club(s)Goals
2004–05 Ulster Banner.svg Stuart Elliott Hull City 27
Flag of England.svg Dean Windass Bradford City
2005–06 Flag of Wales (1959-present).svg Freddy Eastwood Southend United 23
Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Scunthorpe United
2006–07 Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Scunthorpe United 30
2007–08 Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Jason Scotland Swansea City 24
2008–09 Flag of Ireland.svg Simon Cox Swindon Town 29
Flag of England.svg Rickie Lambert Bristol Rovers
2009–10 Flag of England.svg Rickie Lambert Southampton 30
2010–11 Flag of Scotland.svg Craig Mackail-Smith Peterborough United 27
2011–12 Flag of Scotland.svg Jordan Rhodes Huddersfield Town 36
2012–13 Flag of Ireland.svg Paddy Madden Yeovil Town 24
2013–14 Flag of England.svg Sam Baldock Bristol City 24
2014–15 Flag of England.svg Joe Garner Preston North End 26
2015–16 Ulster Banner.svg Will Grigg Wigan Athletic 25
2016–17 Flag of England.svg Billy Sharp Sheffield United 30
2017–18 Flag of England.svg Jack Marriott Peterborough United 27
2018–19 Flag of Ireland.svg James Collins Luton Town 25
2019–20 Flag of England.svg Ivan Toney Peterborough United 24 [b]
2020–21 Flag of England.svg Jonson Clarke-Harris Peterborough United 31
2021–22 Flag of Ireland.svg Will Keane Wigan Athletic 26
2022–23 Flag of England.svg Conor Chaplin Ipswich Town 26
Flag of England.svg Jonson Clarke-Harris Peterborough United
2023-24 Flag of England.svg Alfie May Charlton Athletic 23

b In 35 games. Season truncated because of coronavirus.

Attendances

EFL League One Average Attendances.png

EFL League One is the most-watched third-tier domestic sports league in the world, with an average of 10,613 spectators per game in the 2022–23 season, also making it one of the top ten most watched leagues in Europe. [2] The closest third-tier association football league in terms of average attendance is the Germany 3. Liga (8,219). [3]

The highest average attendance since the restructure into League One was the 2022–23 season, when over 5.3 million spectators watched games, with an average of 10,613 per game. The highest average attendance by a single club was Sunderland in the 2018–19 season with 32,157. They also set the League One attendance record for a single game in the same season, when 46,039 spectators attended the Boxing Day game against Bradford City. [4]

SeasonLeague Average AttendanceHighest AverageHighest Attendance
ClubAttendanceGameAttendance
2004–05 7,732 Sheffield Wednesday 23,100 [5] Sheffield Wednesday vs Bristol City 28,798
2005–06 7,578 Nottingham Forest 20,257 [6] Nottingham Forest v Bournemouth 26,847
2006–07 7,486Nottingham Forest20,627 [7] Nottingham Forest v Rotherham United 27,875
2007–08 7,985 Leeds United 26,546 [8] Leeds United v Gillingham 38,256
2008–09 7,551Leeds United23,639 [9]
2009–10 9,136Leeds United24,818 [10] Leeds United v Bristol Rovers 38,234
2010–11 7,519 Southampton 22,161 [11] Southampton v Walsall 31,653
2011–12 7,358Sheffield Wednesday21,336 [12] Sheffield Wednesday v Wycombe Wanderers 38,082
2012–13 6,335 Sheffield United 18,612 [13] Sheffield United v Brentford 23,431
2013–14 7,476 Wolverhampton Wanderers 20,879 [14] Wolverhampton Wanderers v Rotherham United30,110
2014–15 7,037Sheffield United19,805 [15] Coventry City v Gillingham27,306
2015–16 7,163Sheffield United19,803 [16] Sheffield United v Bradford City 24,777
2016–17 7,933Sheffield United21,892 [17] Sheffield United v Chesterfield31,003
2017–18 7,805Bradford City19,787 [18] Blackburn Rovers v Oxford United 27,600
2018–19 8,741 Sunderland 32,157 [19] Sunderland v Bradford City46,039
2019–20 8,802Sunderland30,118 [20] Sunderland v Bolton Wanderers 33,821
2020–21 No attendances because of COVID-19 pandemic
2021–22 9,953Sunderland30,847 [21] Sunderland v Doncaster Rovers 38,395
2022–23 10,613 Derby County 27,259Sheffield Wednesday v Plymouth Argyle 33,442
2023–24 9,711Derby County27,278Derby County v Bolton Wanderers 32,538

Historic performance

Since the restructuring into League One in 2004, 76 teams have spent at least one season in the division, including 7 of the 20 teams in the 2023–24 Premier League. Milton Keynes Dons has spent 15 seasons in League One, the most of any team. Oldham Athletic's single 14-season consecutive spell was the longest of any team. The team with the current longest tenure is Fleetwood Town, who have been in League One continuously since the 2014–15 season. Rotherham United and Peterborough United have had the highest number of separate spells in League One with five each. There have been 16 different Champions of League One, with Wigan Athletic having won the division three times.

Key

ClubTotal SeasonsNumber of SpellsLongest Spell (Seasons)Highest PositionLowest PositionSeason
2004–05
2005–06
2006–07
2007–08
2008–09
2009–10
2010–11
2011–12
2012–13
2013–14
2014–15
2015–16
2016–17
2017–18
2018–19
2019–20
2020–21
2021–22
2022–23
2023–24
Accrington Stanley 51511231417111223
AFC Bournemouth 72422181719216112
AFC Wimbledon 6161523151820201923
Barnsley 74221313511624-
Blackburn Rovers 111222
Blackpool 94432216193221210133-
Bolton Wanderers 53322322395-
Bradford City 926524111122117551124
Brentford 8252244324911932
Brighton & Hove Albion 51511818716131
Bristol City 523112792121
Bristol Rovers 1135102416111122101315142417-
Burton Albion 7262162912161615-
Bury 6331424142216192424 [lower-alpha 1]
Cambridge United 31314201420-
Carlisle United 9284228420141281722-
Charlton Athletic 10341134131136371310-
Cheltenham Town 62315231719231516-
Chesterfield 7336241716212261824
Colchester United 1028223152128101020161923
Coventry City 72512315181782381
Crawley Town 3131022101422
Crewe Alexandra 9341224132022131920241224
Dagenham & Redbridge 112212121
Derby County 2122772
Doncaster Rovers 12451221081131132115691422
Exeter City 5238231882314-
Fleetwood Town 101104201019414116152013-
Forest Green Rovers 111242424
Gillingham 13399221416222117129201713101021
Hartlepool United 826623621151920161323
Hereford United 111242424
Huddersfield Town 8183159415109634
Hull City 2211221
Ipswich Town 414211119112
Leeds United 31325542
Leicester City 111111
Leyton Orient 1029323201414177207323-
Lincoln City 5155171651711-
Luton Town 3311241241
Millwall 62431710175346
MK Dons 1547223202231255810212231913321
Morecambe 21219221922
Northampton Town 63392214921162222-
Norwich City 111111
Nottingham Forest 31327742
Notts County 515721197122021
Oldham Athletic 1411462119106810161716191515171721
Oxford United 8184198161246819-
Peterborough United 1358223232469131197726-
Plymouth Argyle 633123237211871
Port Vale 103492318131223918122118-
Portsmouth 827424248458108-
Preston North End 414315151453
Reading 111---
Rochdale 927824924810920161821
Rotherham United 65222320234422
Scunthorpe United 1045123121618211673523
Sheffield United 6161113575111
Sheffield Wednesday 532215515243
Shrewsbury Town 11293231623201831815171812-
Southampton 2122772
Southend United 93512316823147101922
Stevenage 42362461824-
Stockport County 3221824241824
Sunderland 414485845
Swansea City 31317671
Swindon Town 124542412231315524684152223
Torquay United 111212121
Tranmere Rovers 112103213189117191812112121
Walsall 1421232414241213102019913143141922
Wigan Athletic 54212011201-
Wolverhampton Wanderers 111111
Wrexham 111222222
Wycombe Wanderers 743322222117369-
Yeovil Town 9284241551817151417424

Financial Fair Play

Beginning with the 2012–13 season, a Financial Fair Play arrangement has been in place in all three divisions of the Football League, the intention being eventually to produce a league of financially self-sustaining clubs. In League One, this takes the form of a Salary Cost Management Protocol in which a maximum of 60% of a club's turnover may be spent on players' wages, with sanctions being applied in the form of transfer embargoes. [22] [23] [24] [25]

See also

Footnotes

  1. Bury did not compete in the 2019-20 season as they were expelled from the league because of financial difficulties.

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