Environmental Audio Extensions

Last updated
Original author(s) Creative Technology
Developer(s) Creative Technology
Initial release1999
Final release
5.0 / 2005
License Proprietary

The Environmental Audio Extensions (or EAX) are a number of digital signal processing presets for audio, present in Creative Technology Sound Blaster sound cards starting with the Sound Blaster Live and the Creative NOMAD/Creative ZEN product lines. Due to the release of Windows Vista in 2007, which deprecated the DirectSound3D API that EAX was based on, Creative discouraged EAX implementation in favour of its OpenAL-based EFX equivalent – though at that point relatively few games used the API.

Contents

Technology

EAX is a library of extensions to Microsoft's DirectSound3D, itself an extension to DirectSound introduced with DirectX 3 in 1996 with the intention to standardize 3D audio for Microsoft Windows, adding environmental audio presets to DS3D's audio positioning. Ergo, the aim of EAX has nothing to do with 3D audio positioning, this is usually done by a sound library like DirectSound3D or OpenAL. Rather, EAX can be seen as a library of sound effects written and compiled to be executed on a DSP instead of the CPU, often called "hardware-accelerated".

The aim of EAX was to create more ambiance within video games by more accurately simulating a real-world audio environment. Up to EAX 2.0, the technology was based around the effects engine aboard the E-mu 10K1 on Creative Technology's and the Maestro2 on ESS1968 chipset driven sound cards. The hardware accelerated effects engine is an E-mu FX8010 DSP integrated into the Creative Technology's audio chip and was historically used to enhance MIDI output by adding effects (such as reverb and chorus) to the sampled instruments on 'wavetable' sample-based synthesis cards (which is often confused with the "wavetable synthesis" developed by Wolfgang Palm of PPG and Michael Mcnabb in the late-1970s, however not related). A similar effects DSP was also present on Creative's cards back to the AWE 32. However, the EMU10K1's DSP was faster and more flexible and was able to produce not only MIDI output but also other outputs, including the digital sound section.

Developers taking advantage of EAX choose an environment for their game's setting and the sound card uses the mathematical DSP digital filter presets for that environment. The original EAX was quite primitive, only offering 26 presets and 3 parameters for more accurate adjustment of the listener parameters and 1 parameter for the sources. Each revision of the technology increased the available effects. EAX Advanced HD (also known as EAX 3) and up provide support for new environmental transitions, new effects, and multiple active effects. Further additions include smooth changes between EAX environment presets and audio occlusion effects (simulating a wall between player and sound source).

EAX was used in many popular titles of the time, including Half-Life , Unreal Tournament , Splinter Cell , Rogue Spear , Doom 3 , F.E.A.R. , Counter-Strike , and Prey . These games support EAX 4.0 if audio hardware with an OpenAL-supporting driver is present. Because hardware acceleration for DirectSound and DirectSound3D was dropped in Windows Vista, [1] OpenAL runtime software is required to enable EAX in many games, it still functions in Windows 10, although OpenAL was also discontinued by Creative. OpenAL Soft, an open source version of OpenAL, is still actively maintained, and can be used by game developers, and to enable EAX sound in older games.

Most releases of EAX versions coincided with increases in the number of simultaneous voices processable in hardware by the audio processor: the original EAX 1.0 supports 8 voices, while EAX 5.0 allows 128 voices (and up to 4 effects applied to each). Creative cards are generally backwards compatible with older EAX versions, although hardware accelerated DSP processing of these effects only happens on cards with EMU chips. Most audio solutions from Creative released after the X-Fi Titanium HD (except for the Audigy Rx) and other companies offer EAX software emulation of varying degrees instead.

EAX 1.0

EAX 2.0

EAX 2.0 is supported by Sound Blaster Live! sound cards

EAX 3.0

EAX 3.0 is supported by E-mu 10K-based products such as the Sound Blaster Audigy

EAX 4.0

EAX 4.0 is supported by Audigy series sound cards.

EAX 5.0

EAX 5.0 is supported by E-mu 20K-based products such as the Sound Blaster X-Fi (except the Xtreme Audio cards).

Future development

In Creative's OpenAL 1.1 specification, an alternative software system for 3D sound which Creative made, EAX should be considered deprecated as a developer interface. New development should use OpenAL's EFX interface, which emulates all previous EAX functionality and is more tightly coupled with the overall OpenAL framework. [7]

Creative stopped updating OpenAL also, although an open source version, OpenAL Soft is still actively maintained.

EAX emulation

When Windows Vista discontinued DirectSound3D, Creative made a software package called OpenAL which allows many Windows EAX-carrying games to play software and hardware (soundcard driven) mode EAX with varying success. OpenAL builds on the EAX extensions with EFX extensions. OpenAL still installs and functions on Windows 10, although is no longer actively maintained and released. An open source version called OpenAL Soft is available which is actively maintained, although it has less support for all versions of EAX.

Realtek released the "Realtek 3D Soundback Beta 0.1" software package to allow Realtek cards to play EAX and DirectSound3D on Windows Vista and newer operating systems. It may work with your Realtek soundcard in Windows 10. It requires Windows Vista compatibility mode to install.

nForce soundcards feature native support for EAX. The games that use EAX with nForce may need files changed to run properly.

Rapture3D supports EAX, it is a commercial wrapper for OpenAL used in games such as Dirt 3.

Wine implements software emulation of a subset of EAX. [8]

In addition to physical soundcard devices, Creative released EAX emulation software (Creative ALchemy) for a range of computers and motherboards that had Creative-made onboard audio. Creative ALchemy will not function unless it detects a Creative Labs device.

Sound Blaster Audigy ADVANCED MB

Also known as Sound Blaster Audigy ADVANCED MB, it is similar to Audigy 2 SE, but the software supports EAX 3.0, which supports 64-channel software wavetable (sample-based synthesis) with DirectSound acceleration, but without hardware accelerated 'wavetable' sample-based synthesis. DAC is rated 95 dB Signal-to-Noise Ratio.

It is available as an integrated option for Dell Inspiron, Studio and XPS notebooks.

Later versions of the driver support EAX 5.0.

Sound Blaster X-Fi MB

It features:

Unlike its predecessor, Audigy Advanced MB, X-Fi MB does not include a software-based SoundFont synthesizer. Another difference is that it has the option to run in 30-day trial mode.

Audio player versions

EAX-like technology is also present in several digital audio players by Creative Technologies, such as the NOMAD and ZEN lines. In these devices, the following effects and features are implemented:

Games with EAX Support

Game [9] [10] [11] EAX 1EAX 2EAX HD 3EAX HD 4EAX HD 5Notes
25 to Life
Abomination: The Nemesis Project X
Age of Empires III * Supported by ALchemy
Age of Conan: Hyborian Adventures
Alias
Aliens versus Predator X
Alone in the Dark: The New Nightmare
Alpha Centauri X
Alpha Prime X
America's Army X
American McGee's Alice X
Anachronox X
Aquanox X
Aquanox 2
ArmA: Armed Assault
Arx Fatalis
Assassin's Creed X* Supported by ALchemy
Baldur's Gate X
Baldur's Gate 2 X* Supported by ALchemy
Battle Isle: The Andosia War
Battle for Middle-earth X
Battle for Middle Earth 2 X* Supported by ALchemy
Battlezone X
Battlezone II: Combat Commander X
Battle for Middle-earth II: The Rise of the Witch-king.
Battlefield 2 XXXXX* Supported by ALchemy
Battlefield 2142 XXXXX* Supported by ALchemy
Battlefield Vietnam XX* Supported by ALchemy
Battlezone II X
Beyond Good & Evil
BioShock XEAX 5 (via OpenAL) * Supported by ALchemy
Black & White
Blade of Darkness X
The Blair Witch Project Volume I-III X
Blood II: The Chosen & The Nightmare Levels X
BloodRayne X
Brian Lara International Cricket 2007 * Supported by ALchemy
Brothers in Arms: Earned in Blood
Brothers in Arms: Road to Hill 30 X
Brothers in Arms: Hell's Highway
Call of Duty XXXPatch 1.3 * Supported by ALchemy
Call of Duty 2 XXX* Supported by ALchemy
Call of Juarez
Carmageddon: The Death Race 2000 X
Carnivores: Cityscape X
Carnivores: Ice Age X
Carnivores 2 X
Catwoman
Cellfactor: Revolution
Chaser
Chrome
Chronicles of Riddick: Escape from Butcher Bay * Supported by ALchemy
Civilization IV XXX* Supported by ALchemy
Civilization IV: Beyond the Sword XXX
Civilization IV: Warlords XXX
Civilization IV: Colonization XXX
City of Heroes
City of Villains
Clive Barker's Undying
Cold War X* Supported by ALchemy
Colin McRae Rally 3
Colin McRae Rally 04 X
Colin McRae Rally 2005 X
Colin McRae: Dirt XEAX 5 (via OpenAL) * Supported by ALchemy
Combat: Task Force 121
Command & Conquer: Generals * Supported by ALchemy
Command & Conquer: Renegade X
Command & Conquer 3: Tiberium Wars
Commandos Strike Force
Condemned: Criminal Origins X
Conflict: Global Storm
Conflict: Vietnam
Counter-Strike X
Crime Cities X
Croc 2 X
Crusaders of Might and Magic X
Cryostasis: Sleep of Reason
Crysis * Supported by ALchemy; not all the sounds are reverbed, dialog plays fine.
Crysis Warhead
Daikatana
Dark and Light
Darkness Within: In Pursuit of Loath Nolder
Dark Vengeance X
Day of Defeat X
Demolition Racer X
Descent 3 X
Descent 4 X
Descent Freespace X
Deus Ex X
Diablo II XX* Supported by ALchemy
Die Hard Trilogy 2: Viva Las Vegas X
Divine Divinity
Dogs of War: Battle on Primus IV X
Doom 3 XPatch 1.3 * Supported by ALchemy
Doom 3: BFG Edition EAX support removed.
Dragon's Lair 3D: Return to the Lair X
Drakan X
Dreamfall: The Longest Journey XX
Driver X
Driver 3 X* Supported by ALchemy
Driver: Parallel Lines X
Drome Racers
Dronez X
Dungeon Keeper II X
Dungeon Lords
Dungeon Siege X* Supported by ALchemy
Dungeon Siege 2
Dungeons & Dragons: Dragonshard
East Front
E-racer
El Matador X* Supported by ALchemy
Elder Scrolls III: Morrowind * Supported by ALchemy
Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion XUse Side's EAX Control mod. * Supported by ALchemy
Elite Warriors: Vietnam XXX
Enter the Matrix X* Supported by ALchemy
Eurofighter Typhoon X
Euro League Football X
EverQuest X
EverQuest 2 * Supported by ALchemy
Evil Dead: Hail to the King X
Evolva X
Expendable X
F.E.A.R. XXX* Supported by ALchemy
F.E.A.R. Extraction Point XXX
F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate XXX
F1 Grand Prix 4 X
Fallout Tactics: Brotherhood of Steel X
Fallout 3 May require DirectSound3D restoration software or ALchemy to restore proper audio functionality on Vista and later. Set bEnableEnviroEffectsOnPC=1 in Fallout.ini
Far Cry X* Supported by ALchemy
Far Cry 2 X* Supported by ALchemy
FIFA 99 X
Final Fantasy VIII X
Final Fantasy XI
Flying Heros
Ford Racing X
Freedom Force XX
Freedom: The Battle for Liberty Island aka Freedom Fighters
Freelancer
Freespace 2 X
From Dusk Till Dawn X
Full Spectrum Warrior * Supported by ALchemy
Full Spectrum Warrior: Ten Hammers * Supported by ALchemy
Fur Fighters X
Future Beat 3D
Gears of War * Supported by ALchemy // Stereo only // Hardware openal by edited ini file
Ghost Master
Giants: Citizen Kabuto X
Global Operations
The Godfather
Gothic XX
Gothic 2 XX
Gothic 3
GP 500 X
Grand Theft Auto II XAlso supports A3D 2.0.
Grand Theft Auto III XXAlso supports A3D 2.0. * Supported by ALchemy
Grand Theft Auto: Vice City XXAlso supports A3D 2.0. // via manual edit of the settings file * Supported by ALchemy
Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas XXXX* Supported by ALchemy
Spec Ops II: Green Berets X
Race Driver: Grid * Supported by ALchemy
Guild Wars * Supported by ALchemy
Gulf War: Operation Desert Hammer X
GUN
Half-Life XSteam version does not support it anymore since the 2013 patch.
Half-Life: Blue Shift XSteam version does not support it anymore since the 2013 patch.
Half-Life: Opposing Force XSteam version does not support it anymore since the 2013 patch.
Halo: Combat Evolved X* Supported by ALchemy
Hardware X
Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K.² X
Heli Heroes X
Hellgate: London
Heretic II X
Heroes of Might and Magic V
Hidden & Dangerous 2 X
High Heat Baseball 2000 X
High Heat Baseball 2002 X
Hitman 2: Silent Assassin X* Supported by ALchemy
Hitman: Blood Money X* Supported by ALchemy
Hitman: Codename 47 X* Supported by ALchemy
Hitman: Contracts X* Supported by ALchemy
Hostile Waters X
Icewind Dale X
Icewind Dale 2 X
IL-2 Sturmovik: 1946 XXX* Supported by ALchemy
Incoming Forces X
Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine
Infernal
Isabelle X
James Bond 007: Nightfire
JHexen X
Juiced
Jurassic Park: Trespasser
Kane & Lynch: Dead Men
Killing Floor X
Killing Floor 2 X
Klingon Honor Guard
Lander X
Legends of Might and Magic X
Lego Racers 2
Lineage II OpenAL
Line of Sight: Vietnam XXX
The Lord of the Rings Online
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King
Lost Pain: TakeDown
Mace Griffin: Bounty Hunter
Madden NFL 2000 X
Madden NFL 99 X
Mafia X* Supported by ALchemy
Mage Knight: Apocalypse * Supported by ALchemy
Manhunt X* Supported by ALchemy
Martian Gothic: Unification X
Mass Effect XXX
The Matrix Online
The Matrix: Path of Neo EAX option in INI. Use ALchemy
Max Payne
Max Payne 2 X* Supported by ALchemy
MDK2 X* Supported by ALchemy
MechWarrior 4 X
Medal of Honor Allied Assault XX* Supported by ALchemy
Medal of Honor: Pacific Assault
Medieval II: Total War X* Supported by ALchemy
Men of War: Assault Squad
Messiah X
Midnight GT X
Might and Magic VII: For Blood and Honor XX
Might and Magic VIII: Day of the Destroyer X
Might and Magic IX X
Monster Madness
Mortyr 2093 - 1944 X
Most Wanted
Moto Racer 2 X
Motocross Madness 2
Motorhead X
Mutant Chronicles: Warzone Online X
Myst Online: Uru Live
Myst V: End of Ages
Myth II: Soulblighter X
Myth III X
NASCAR Revolution X
Need for Speed: Carbon
Need For Speed: High Stakes X
Need for Speed III: Hot Pursuit X
Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit 2
Need for Speed: Most Wanted
Need for Speed: Underground 2
Nerf Arena Blast X
Neverwinter Nights XXXSupports A3D 1.0, A3D 2.0. * Supported by ALchemy
Neverwinter Nights 2 XXX* Supported by ALchemy
New York Race
NHL 2000
No One Lives Forever
No One Lives Forever 2: A Spy in H.A.R.M.'s Way X* Supported by ALchemy
Nocturne X
Off Road X
Operation Flashpoint: Cold War Crisis
Operation Flashpoint: Resistance
Operation Flashpoint 2
Outcast X
Pacman 3D
Painkiller X
Panzer Elite X
Pariah
Paris Dakar Rally X
Peter Jackson's King Kong
Planescape: Torment X
PlanetSide
Play Online
Populous: The Beginning X
Powerslide X
Prey (2006 video game) * Supported by ALchemy
Prince of Persia 2008
Prince of Persia: 3D X
Prince of Persia: The Two Thrones X
Prince of Persia: Warrior Within XXXEAX Unified. Compatible with EAX 1, 2, and 3.
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time X
Pro Evolution Soccer 2008
Project Eden X
Project I.G.I.-2: Covert Strike Not wrapped by alchemy
Psychonauts
Quake 4 XEAX 5 (via OpenAL) * Supported by ALchemy
Rage Rally X
Rail Simulator
Railroad Tycoon 3 XXX* Supported by ALchemy
Rally Championship 2000 X
Re-Volt X
Red Faction X
Red Faction 2
Red Orchestra: Ostfront 41-45
Redline Racer X
The Regiment * Supported by ALchemy
Rent A Hero (1999)X
Requiem: Avenging Angel X
Resident Evil 2 X
Revenant X
Revolution
Rent a Hero
Richard Burns Rally
Ricky Ponting International Cricket 2007
Rise of Nations: Rise of Legends
Road Wars X
Rollcage X
Rollcage Stage II X
Rome: Total War XX* Supported by ALchemy
Rune: The Halls of Valhalla X
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Shadow of Chernobyl XEAX works through OpenAL. Do not use ALchemy. * Supported by ALchemy
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Clear Sky XEAX works through OpenAL. Do not use ALchemy.
S.T.A.L.K.E.R.: Call of Pripyat XEAX works through OpenAL. Do not use ALchemy.
Sacred * Supported by ALchemy; replace SOUNDQUALITY : 1 with SOUNDQUALITY : 2 in Settings.cfg
Sacrifice X
Sammy Sosa: Softball Slam X
Sanity: Aiken's Artifact X
Scarface: The World Is Yours
Screamer 4x4
Secret Service: In Harm’s Way X
Sega Rally Championship X
Serious Sam X
Serious Sam 2 XX* Supported by ALchemy
Serious Sam: The First Encounter X* Supported by ALchemy
Serious Sam: The Second Encounter X* Supported by ALchemy
Shade: Wrath of Angels X
Shadow Ops: Red Mercury
Shadow Force: Razor Unit X
Shogo: Mobile Armor Division X
Sid Meier's Pirates!
Sid Meier's Railroads! X* Supported by ALchemy
Silent Hunter 3
Silkroad Online
The Sims 2 Seasons
SimCity 3000 X
SimTheme Park X
SiN X
SiN: Wages of Sin
Slave Zero X
Sniper: Art of Victory X* Supported by ALchemy
Soldier of Fortune X
Soldier of Fortune II: Double Helix X
Soldier of Fortune: Payback
Soldner: Secret Wars
Space Force: Rogue Universe
Spec Ops 2: Green Berets X
SpellForce 2: Shadow Wars
Spirit of Speed X
Starcraft * Supported by ALchemy
Star Trek: Bridge Commander
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine: The Fallen X
Star Trek: Elite Force II X
Star Trek: Next Generation Klingon Honor Guard X
Star Trek: Voyager – Elite Force X
Star Wars: Battlefront X
Star Wars Battlefront 2
Star Wars Empire at War * Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars Empire at War: Forces of Corruption
Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace X
Star Wars Galaxies X* Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars Jedi Knight II: Jedi Outcast XPatch 1.03 * Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars Jedi Knight: Jedi Academy X* Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic X* Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic 2 XEAX Support removed in latest Steam version. * Supported by ALchemy
Star Wars Republic Commando X* Supported by ALchemy
STOLEN
Street Racing Syndicate
Stronghold X
Stubbs the Zombie
Stunt GP
The Suffering
The Suffering: Ties That Bind
Sum of All Fears
Summoner X
Superbike 2001 X
Supreme Commander
SWAT 4
Swedish Touring Car Championship X
Swedish Touring Car Championship 2 X
System Shock 2 XFor further info, refer
The Temple of Elemental Evil
Terminus X
Test Drive
Test Drive 6 X
Test Drive Rally X
Test Drive Unlimited
The Devil Inside X
The Wheel Of Time X
Theme Park World
Thief: Deadly Shadows XX* Supported by ALchemy
Thief II: The Metal Age XA3D 2.0. See EAX support
Thief: The Dark Project XAlso supports A3D 1.0.
The Dark Mod, Thief - unofficial spin-off
Thievery UT
TimeShift
Titan Quest * Supported by ALchemy
Titan Quest: Immortal Throne * Supported by ALchemy
TMNT
TNN Outdoors Pro Hunter X
TOCA Race Driver X
TOCA Race Driver 2
Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon X
Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon: Advanced Warfighter * Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon: Desert Siege X
Tom Clancy's Ghost Recon: Island Thunder
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Lockdown
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Rogue Spear & Black ThornX* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six: Vegas * Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six Vegas 2
Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six 3: Raven Shield X* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell X* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Chaos Theory X* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell Double Agent X* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell: Pandora Tomorrow X* Supported by ALchemy
Tom Clancy's The Sum Of All Fears X
Tomb Raider: Anniversary
Tomb Raider: Legend
Tomb Raider: The Angel of Darkness X* Supported by ALchemy
TrackMania Nations Forever
Trackmania Original
Trespasser: Jurassic Park X
Tribes 2 X
Triple Play 2000 X
TRON 2.0 X* Supported by ALchemy
Tzar
UFO Afterlight * Supported by ALchemy
UFO Aftermath
UFO Aftershock
Ultim@te Race Rally X
Ultim@te Race Pro X
Ultima: Ascension X
Undying X
Universe at War: Earth Assault
Unreal XFirst game to implement EAX 1.0 features. Also supports A3D 1.x, A3D 2.0, DirectSound3D.
Unreal Tournament XA3D 2.0
Unreal Tournament 2003 XEAX 3 (via OpenAL). Supports EAX Unified. * Supported by ALchemy
Unreal Tournament 2004 XXEAX 5 support was added with patch (through OpenAL). * Supported by ALchemy
Unreal Tournament 3 * Supported by ALchemy
Unreal II: The Awakening X
Uprising 2: Lead and Destroy X
Urban Chaos X
Uru: Ages Beyond Myst
Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines X
Vanguard: Saga of Heroes * Supported by ALchemy
VBS1
VBS2
Vietcong XX
Vietcong 2 X
Vivisector: Beast Inside
Warcraft III X* Supported by ALchemy once, removed with 1.30 update
Wargasm
Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War: Soulstorm X
Warhammer: Mark of Chaos
Warlords Battlecry X
Warmonger
Way Point Zeta X
The Wheel of Time
Wild Metal Country X
Wild Wild West: The Steel Assassin X
The Witcher * Supported by ALchemy
Wizardry 8 X
World of Warcraft * Supported by ALchemy
WWII Tank Commander
X3 Reunion
Xpand Rally
Ys: The Oath in Felghana X* Supported by ALchemy
Ys: Origin X* Supported by ALchemy

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Creative Technology</span> Singaporean technology company

Creative Technology Ltd., or Creative Labs Pte Ltd., is a Singaporean multinational technology company. The principal activities of the company and its subsidiaries consist of the design, manufacture and distribution of digitized sound and video boards, computers and related multimedia and personal digital entertainment products. It also partners with mainboard manufacturers and laptop brands to embed its Sound Blaster technology on their products.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">AMD TrueAudio</span>

TrueAudio is the name given to AMD's ASIC intended to serve as dedicated co-processor for the calculations of computationally expensive advanced audio signal processing, such as convolution reverberation effects and 3D audio effects. TrueAudio is integrated into some of the AMD GPUs and APUs available since 2013.

References

  1. "OpenAL and Windows Vista". Archived from the original on 2008-10-13., Creative Labs
  2. Creative Technology Ltd. (August 31, 1998). "Environmental Audio eXtensions" (PDF). GitHub . Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  3. Creative Technology Ltd. (1999). "Environmental Audio Extensions: EAX 2.0" (PDF). GitHub . Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  4. Creative Technology Ltd. (November 18, 2003). "EAX 4.0 - Introduction" (PDF). GitHub . Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  5. Creative Technology Ltd. (November 21, 2003). "EAX 4.0 - Programmer's Guide" (PDF). GitHub . Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  6. Creative Technology Ltd. (November 18, 2003). "EAX 4.0 - Designer's Guide" (PDF). GitHub . Retrieved January 20, 2018.
  7. 'OpenAL, EAX and EFX' section explains 'EAX' vs 'EFX'
  8. Wine Staging - Release 1.7.40
  9. Creative ALchemy Project FAQ
  10. Creative support Games Archived 2013-07-02 at the Wayback Machine
  11. Nov 2007 Archive of the Official Creative Soundblaster EAX website