Flint Boroughs (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Flint Boroughs
Former district of Boroughs constituency
for the House of Commons
Preserved county Flintshire
1542–1918
SeatsOne
Replaced by Flintshire

Flint Boroughs (sometimes known as Flint or the Flint District of Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency in north-east Wales which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors, from 1542 until it was abolished for the 1918 general election.

Contents

Boundaries

From its first known general election in 1542 until 1918, the constituency consisted of a number of boroughs within the historic county of Flintshire in north-east Wales. The seat should not be confused with the county constituency of Flintshire, which existed from the 16th century until 1950.

After 1918 Flintshire was represented in Parliament by the single member county constituency, which included all the boroughs formerly in the Flint District of Boroughs.

Flint 1535–1832

On the basis of information from several volumes of the History of Parliament, it is apparent that the history of the borough representation of Wales and Monmouthshire is more complicated than that of the English boroughs.

The Laws in Wales Act 1535 (26 Hen. 8. c. 26) provided for a single borough seat for each of 11 of the 12 Welsh counties and Monmouthshire. The legislation was ambiguous as to which communities were enfranchised. The county towns were awarded a seat, but these seats in some way represented all the ancient boroughs of the county, as the boroughs other than county towns were also required to contribute to the members' wages. It is not clear whether the burgesses of the contributing boroughs could vote in the election. The only election under the original scheme was that for the 1542 parliament. It seems that only burgesses from the county towns actually took part. The Parliament Act 1543 (35 Hen. 8. c. 11) confirmed that the contributing boroughs could send representatives to take part in the election at the county town. As far as can be told from surviving indentures of returns, the degree to which the out boroughs participated varied, but by the end of the 16th century all the seats had some participation from them at some elections at least.

The original scheme was modified by later legislation and decisions of the House of Commons (which were sometimes made with no regard to precedent or evidence: for example in 1728 it was decided that only the freemen of the borough of Montgomery could participate in the election for that seat, thus disenfranchising the freemen of Llanidloes, Welshpool and Llanfyllin).

In the case of Flintshire, the county town was Flint. The out boroughs were Caergwrle, Caerwys, Overton and Rhuddlan.

In 1690–1715 the freemen of the five boroughs were entitled to vote. The exact number is unknown, but in the only poll of the period (a by-election in 1697) there were 760 voters.

Between 1715 and 1754 the House of Commons changed the franchise of the constituency. In 1727 there were about 1000 freemen entitled to vote. Thereafter the inhabitants of the five boroughs, paying scot and lot (a local tax), formed the electorate. They numbered about 600.

From 1754 to 1790, there were still about 600 voters. Namier and Brooke point out that the constituency was controlled by local squires. No election went to a poll in that period.

Flint Boroughs 1832–1918

The Flint Boroughs was a district of boroughs constituency, which grouped a number of parliamentary boroughs in Flintshire into one single member constituency. The voters from each participating borough cast ballots, which were added together over the whole district to decide the result of the poll. The enfranchised communities in this district, from 1832, were the eight boroughs of Flint, Caergwrle, Caerwys, Holywell, Mold, Overton, Rhuddlan and St Asaph.

The boundaries of the parliamentary boroughs in the district were altered by the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1868, but the general nature of the constituency was unchanged. There were no further boundary changes in the 1885 redistribution of parliamentary seats.

Members of Parliament

Members of Parliament 1542–1640

As there were sometimes significant gaps between Parliaments held in this period, the dates of first assembly and dissolution are given. Where the name of the member has not yet been ascertained or is not recorded in a surviving document, the entry unknown is entered in the table.

ElectedAssembledDissolvedMemberNote
154216 January 154228 March 1544unknown
154523 November 154531 January 1547 Thomas Salusbury
15474 November 154715 April 1552 Robert Massey
15531 March 155331 March 1553 Edward Stanley
15535 October 15535 December 1553 Edward Stanley
15542 April 15543 May 1554 ?Robert Massey
155412 November 155416 January 1555 Robert Massey
155521 October 15559 December 1555 Edward Stanley II
155820 January 155817 November 1558 Peter Mostyn
155923 January 15598 May 1559 John Hanmer [1]
1562–311 January 15632 January 1567 John Conway [1]
15712 April 157129 May 1571 John Hanmer [1]
15728 May 157219 April 1583 Humphrey Hanmer [1]
158423 November 158414 September 1585 Richard Lloyd [1]
158613 October 158623 March 1587 Michael Doughty [1]
15884 February 158929 March 1589 John Edwards [1]
159318 February 159310 April 1593 Thomas Griffith [1]
159724 October 15979 February 1598 Edward Morgan [1]
160127 October 160119 December 1601 John Price [1]
160419 March 16049 February 1611 Roger Brereton
16145 April 16147 June 1614 John Eyton
162016 January 16218 February 1622 William Ravenscroft
162412 February 162427 March 1625 William Ravenscroft
162517 May 162512 August 1625 William Ravenscroft
16266 February 162615 June 1626 John Salusbury
162817 March 162810 March 1629 William Ravenscroft
164013 April 16405 May 1640 Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bt

Members of Parliament 1640–1660

This sub-section includes the Long Parliament and the Rump Parliament, together with the Parliaments of the Commonwealth and the Protectorate (before the Convention Parliament of 1660).

ElectedAssembledDissolvedMemberNote
16403 November 16405 December 1648 John Salusbury
Disabled 1643
Thomas Myddelton
1646–1648
Long Parliament
...6 December 164820 April 1653unrepresentedRump Parliament
...4 July 165312 December 1653unrepresented Barebones Parliament
16543 September 165422 January 1655unrepresented First Protectorate Parliament
165617 September 16564 February 1658unrepresented Second Protectorate Parliament
1658–5927 January 165922 April 1659 John Hanmer Third Protectorate Parliament
...7 May 165920 February 1660unrepresentedRump Parliament restored
...21 February 166016 March 1660unknownLong Parliament restored

Members of Parliament 1660–1918

First ElectionMemberPartyNote
1660, 12 November Roger Whitley
1681, 7 MarchThomas Whitley
1685, 3 April Sir John Hanmer, Bt
1690, 17 MarchThomas Whitley Whig
1695, 28 October Sir Roger Puleston Whig Died 28 February 1697
1697, 8 April Thomas Ravenscroft Whig Died 3 May 1698
1698, 13 AugustThomas Mostyn Tory
1701, 13 December Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bt Tory Elected to sit for Thetford
1702, 2 February Sir John Conway, Bt Tory
1702, 1 August Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt Tory Elected to sit for Cheshire
1702, 2 DecemberThomas Mostyn Tory
1705, 29 May Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt Tory
1708, 20 May Sir John Conway, Bt Tory
1713, 21 September Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt Tory
1715, 18 February Sir John Conway, Bt Died 27 April 1721
1721, 10 June Thomas Eyton
1727, 31 August Salusbury Lloyd A double return. The House of Commons seated Lloyd.
1734, 16 May Sir George Wynne, Bt Unseated on petition
1742, 22 March Richard Williams Declared duly elected, on petition
1747, 3 July Kyffin Williams Died 30 October 1753
1753, 28 November Sir John Glynne, Bt Died 1 June 1777
1777, 26 June Watkin Williams
1806, 11 November Sir Edward Lloyd, Bt
1807, 27 May William Shipley
1812, 10 October Sir Edward Lloyd, Bt Whig [2] Created the Lord Mostyn 1831
1831, 22 September Henry Glynne Whig [2] Resigned
1832, 25 February Sir Stephen Glynne, Bt Whig [2]
1835 Conservative [2] [3] [4]
1837, 1 August Charles Whitley Deans Dundas Whig [2] [5]
1841, 30 June Sir Richard Williams-Bulkeley, Bt Whig [2] [6] [7]
1847, 31 July Sir John Hanmer, Bt Peelite [8] [9] [10] [11]
1859 Liberal Created the Lord Hanmer 1872
1872, 16 October Sir Robert Cunliffe, Bt Liberal
1874, 6 February P. Ellis Eyton Liberal Died 19 June 1878
1878, 5 July John Roberts Liberal
1892, July Herbert Lewis Liberal
1906, 20 January Howell Idris Liberal
1910, 19 January James Woolley Summers Liberal Died 1 January 1913
1913, 21 January Thomas Henry Parry Liberal
1918Constituency abolished

Supplemental Notes:-

Election results 1690-1713

Sources 1690–1715: Cruickshanks et al.; 1715–1754: Stooks Smith; 1754–1784: Namier and Brooke; 1784–1832 Stooks Smith. Positive swing is from Whig to Tory. Source 1832–1918: Craig. Positive swing is from Liberal to Conservative.

General election 17 March 1690: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Thomas Whitley Unopposed N/AN/A
Whig gain from ? Swing N/A
General election 28 October 1695: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Roger Puleston Unopposed N/AN/A
Whig hold Swing N/A
By-Election 8 April 1697: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Thomas Ravenscroft 510 67.1 N/A
Tory John Hanmer 25032.9New
Majority26034.2N/A
Turnout 760N/A
Whig hold Swing N/A
General election 13 August 1698: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Thomas Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory gain from Whig Swing N/A
General Election 11 January 1701: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Thomas Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General Election 13 December 1701: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Thomas Hanmer Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
By-Election 2 February 1702: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Conway Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General election 1 August 1702: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Roger Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
By-Election 2 December 1702: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Thomas Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General election 29 May 1705: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Roger Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General election 20 May 1708: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Conway Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General election 17 October 1710: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory John Conway Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A
General election 21 September 1713: Flint
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Tory Roger Mostyn Unopposed N/AN/A
Tory hold Swing N/A

Election results 1800-1832

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1830: Flint Boroughs [2] [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Edward Lloyd Unopposed
Registered electors c.1,200
Whig hold
General election 1831: Flint Boroughs [2] [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Edward Lloyd Unopposed
Registered electors c.1,200
Whig hold

Lloyd was elevated to the peerage, becoming 1st Baron Mostyn and causing a by-election.

By-election, 22 September 1831: Flint Boroughs [2] [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Henry GlynneUnopposed
Registered electors c.1,200
Whig hold

Glynne resigned, causing a by-election.

By-election, 25 February 1832: Flint Boroughs [2] [12]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Stephen Glynne Unopposed
Registered electors c.1,185
Whig hold

Election results 1832-1868

Elections in the 1830s

General election 1832: Flint Boroughs [2] [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Stephen Glynne Unopposed
Registered electors 1,359
Whig hold
General election 1835: Flint Boroughs [2] [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Conservative Stephen Glynne Unopposed
Registered electors 1,067
Conservative gain from Whig
General election 1837: Flint Boroughs [2] [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%
Whig Charles Whitley Deans Dundas 591 60.1
Conservative Robert John Mostyn39339.9
Majority19820.2
Turnout 98475.9
Registered electors 1,297
Whig gain from Conservative

Elections in the 1840s

General election 1841: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Whig Richard Williams-Bulkeley Unopposed
Registered electors 1,006
Whig hold
General election 1847: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Peelite John Hanmer Unopposed
Registered electors 840
Peelite gain from Whig

Elections in the 1850s

General election 1852: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Peelite John Hanmer 386 59.1 N/A
Conservative Richard Pelham Warren [14] 26740.9N/A
Majority11918.2N/A
Turnout 65379.7N/A
Registered electors 819
Peelite hold Swing N/A
General election 1857: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Peelite John Hanmer Unopposed
Registered electors 783
Peelite hold
General election 1859: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hanmer Unopposed
Registered electors 741
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1865: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hanmer Unopposed
Registered electors 689
Liberal hold

Election results 1868-1880

Elections in the 1860s

General election 1868: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Hanmer Unopposed
Registered electors 3,279
Liberal hold

Elections in the 1870s

Hanmer was raised to the peerage, becoming Lord Hanmer.

By-election, 16 Oct 1872: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Robert Cunliffe Unopposed
Liberal hold
General election 1874: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal P. Ellis Eyton 1,076 36.8 N/A
Conservative Conwy Greville Hercules Rowley-Conwy [15] 1,07236.7New
Liberal Robert Cunliffe 77226.4N/A
Majority40.1N/A
Turnout 2,92080.5N/A
Registered electors 3,628
Liberal hold Swing

Eyton's death caused a by-election.

By-election, 5 Jul 1878: Flint Boroughs [16]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Roberts 1,636 52.0 11.2
Conservative Philip Pennant Pennant1,51148.0+11.3
Majority1254.0+3.9
Turnout 3,14784.9+4.4
Registered electors 3,707
Liberal hold Swing 11.2

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1880: Flint Boroughs [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Roberts 2,039 58.1 5.1
Conservative Philip Pennant Pennant1,46841.9+5.2
Majority57116.2+16.1
Turnout 3,50792.4+11.9
Registered electors 3,794
Liberal hold Swing 5.2

Election results 1885-1918

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Flint Boroughs [17] [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Roberts 1,835 51.7 6.4
Conservative Philip Pennant Pennant1,71348.3+6.4
Majority1223.412.8
Turnout 3,54894.0+1.6
Registered electors 3,773
Liberal hold Swing
General election 1886: Flint Boroughs [17] [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal John Roberts 1,827 56.6 +4.9
Liberal Unionist Sir Henry Mather-Jackson, 3rd Baronet1,40343.4−4.9
Majority42413.2+9.8
Turnout 3,23085.6−8.4
Registered electors 3,773
Liberal hold Swing +4.9

Elections in the 1890s

Lewis Herbert Lewis.jpg
Lewis
General election 1892: Flint Boroughs [17] [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Lewis 1,883 55.3 −1.3
Conservative Philip Pennant Pennant1,52444.7+1.3
Majority35910.6−2.6
Turnout 3,40791.8+6.2
Registered electors 3,710
Liberal hold Swing -1.3
General election 1895: Flint Boroughs [17] [18] [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Lewis 1,828 52.4 −2.9
Conservative Philip Pennant Pennant1,66347.6+2.9
Majority1654.8−5.8
Turnout 3,49190.6−1.2
Registered electors 3,853
Liberal hold Swing -2.9

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Flint Boroughs [17] [18] [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Herbert Lewis 1,760 55.5 +3.1
Conservative John Lloyd-Price1,41344.53.1
Majority34711.0+6.2
Turnout 3,17388.62.0
Registered electors 3,581
Liberal hold Swing +3.1
Idris Howell Idris MP.jpg
Idris
General election 1906: Flint Boroughs [17] [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Howell Idris 1,899 55.5 0.0
Conservative John Eldon Bankes 1,52344.50.0
Majority37611.00.0
Turnout 3,42293.5+4.9
Registered electors 3,659
Liberal hold Swing 0.0

Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Flint Boroughs [17] [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal James Woolley Summers 2,150 55.5 0.0
Conservative H.A. Tilby1,72344.50.0
Majority42711.00.0
Turnout 3,87395.4+1.9
Liberal hold Swing 0.0
General election December 1910: Flint Boroughs [17] [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal James Woolley Summers 2,098 56.9 +1.4
Conservative Henry Howard1,58943.1−1.4
Majority50913.8+2.8
Turnout 3,68790.8−4.6
Liberal hold Swing +1.4
Parry 1913 Thomas Parry.jpg
Parry
1913 Flint Boroughs by-election
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Tom Parry 2,152 52.6 −4.3
Unionist J. Hamlet Roberts1,94147.4+4.3
Majority2115.2−8.6
Turnout 4,09394.1+3.3
Liberal hold Swing -4.3

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

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