Greenfield, New Hampshire

Not to be confused with Greenville, New Hampshire.

Greenfield, New Hampshire
Town
The former elementary school, listed on the New Hampshire State Register of Historic Places, now serves as the Town Office.
Seal
Location in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire
Coordinates: 42°57′02″N71°52′20″W / 42.95056°N 71.87222°W / 42.95056; -71.87222
Country	United States
State	New Hampshire
County	Hillsborough
Incorporated	1791
Government
•  Select Board	Mason Parker Michael Borden Thomas Bascom
• Town Administrator	Aaron K. Patt
Area [1]
• Total	26.8 sq mi (69.3 km2)
• Land	26.2 sq mi (67.9 km2)
• Water	0.5 sq mi (1.4 km2)  2.04%
Elevation	840 ft (260 m)
Population  (2020) [2]
• Total	1,716
• Density	66/sq mi (25.3/km2)
Time zone	UTC-5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-4 (Eastern)
ZIP code	03047
Area code	603
FIPS code	33-31540
GNIS feature ID	0873611
Website	www.greenfield-nh.gov

Greenfield is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 1,716 at the 2020 census. ^[2] Greenfield is home to the Crotched Mountain Rehabilitation Center, to Greenfield State Park, and to part of the Wapack Trail.

History

Originally known as "Lyndeborough Addition", the area was first settled by the Lynde family in 1753. Separated from the nearest church and school by the Monadnock hills, the residents successfully petitioned to form a new town in 1791, using the name "Greenfield" to highlight the area's level, fertile ground. ^[3]

In 1953, the Crotched Mountain Rehabilitation Center began operation in Greenfield. Established by Harry Gregg, the facility on Crotched Mountain originally treated for polio, cerebral palsy, spina bifida and other physical and neurological disabilities. A center for adult rehabilitation opened in 1961, and a rehabilitation center for adults with brain injuries in 1986. The complex today provides service to over 2,000 children and adults. In 2004, it unveiled the first wheelchair-accessible tree house in New Hampshire.

Greenfield is home to the Yankee Siege, considered the most powerful (current) trebuchet in the world, which has participated in the annual World Championship Punkin' Chunkin' Contest in Sussex County, Delaware, since 2004. The farthest official toss is 1,897 feet (578 m) as of 2008, although there are unofficial reports of 2,000-to-2,300-foot (610 to 700 m) throws as of 2009.

• 
  Bird's-eye view in 1907
• 
  Harvesting ice c. 1907
• 
  Town graveyard
• 
  Bennington Road c. 1912
• 
  Old Hancock-Greenfield Bridge

Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 26.8 square miles (69.3 km²), of which 26.2 square miles (67.9 km²) are land and 0.54 square miles (1.4 km²) are water, comprising 2.04% of the town. ^[1] The southeastern part of Greenfield is drained by Stony Brook, flowing southeast to the Souhegan River in Wilton, while the western part, including the town center, is drained by the Contoocook River and its tributary Otter Brook; the Contoocook forms the northwestern border of the town, where it passes through Powder Mill Pond. The northeastern corner of the town is drained by Rand Brook, a tributary of the South Branch of the Piscataquog River. Greenfield lies fully within the Merrimack River watershed. ^[4] North Pack Monadnock, elevation 2,276 feet (694 m) above sea level, is the northernmost summit of the Wapack Range and the highest point in Greenfield, located in the extreme southern part of the town.

Adjacent municipalities

• Bennington, New Hampshire (north)
• Francestown, New Hampshire (northeast)
• Lyndeborough, New Hampshire (east)
• Temple, New Hampshire (south)
• Peterborough, New Hampshire (southwest)
• Hancock, New Hampshire (west)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1800	934		—
1810	980		4.9%
1820	974		−0.6%
1830	946		−2.9%
1840	834		−11.8%
1850	716		−14.1%
1860	692		−3.4%
1870	527		−23.8%
1880	649		23.1%
1890	607		−6.5%
1900	605		−0.3%
1910	574		−5.1%
1920	417		−27.4%
1930	394		−5.5%
1940	407		3.3%
1950	430		5.7%
1960	538		25.1%
1970	1,058		96.7%
1980	972		−8.1%
1990	1,519		56.3%
2000	1,657		9.1%
2010	1,749		5.6%
2020	1,716		−1.9%
U.S. Decennial Census [5]

As of the census ^[6] of 2000, there were 1,657 people, 563 households, and 405 families residing in the town. The population density was 65.1 inhabitants per square mile (25.1/km²). There were 640 housing units at an average density of 25.1 per square mile (9.7/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 97.28% White, 0.72% African American, 0.84% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.48% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.60% of the population.

There were 563 households, out of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.8% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $48,833, and the median income for a family was $56,250. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $24,438 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,895. About 2.4% of families and 5.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

Greenfield presidential election results ^[7]

Year	Democratic	Republican	Third parties	Total Votes	Difference
2020	52.38%529	46.14% 466	1.49% 15	1,010	6.24%
2016	48.16%433	46.05% 414	5.78% 52	899	2.11%
2012	52.75%461	45.08% 394	2.17% 19	874	7.67%
2008	56.85%523	41.63% 383	1.52% 14	920	15.22%
2004	50.42%420	48.50% 404	1.08% 9	833	1.92%
2000	47.67%327	44.02% 302	8.31% 57	686	3.64%
1996	49.75%296	38.32% 228	11.93% 71	595	11.43%
1992	40.12%270	32.24% 217	27.64% 186	673	7.88%
1988	36.00% 198	62.55%344	1.45% 8	550	26.55%
1988	29.23% 126	70.77%305	0.00% 0	431	41.53%
1980	21.09% 89	60.19%254	18.72% 79	422	39.10%
1976	35.06% 115	64.02%210	0.91% 3	328	28.96%
1972	28.02% 109	71.47%278	0.51% 2	389	43.44%
1968	33.53% 112	62.57%209	3.89% 13	334	29.04%
1964	51.96%159	48.04% 147	0.00% 0	306	3.92%
1960	22.14% 62	77.86%218	0.00% 0	280	55.71%
1956	13.75% 33	86.25%207	0.00% 0	240	72.50%
1952	19.05% 44	80.95%187	0.00% 0	231	61.90%
1948	23.08% 42	75.82%138	1.10% 2	182	52.75%
1944	33.71% 60	66.29%118	0.00% 0	178	32.58%
1940	38.54% 79	61.46%126	0.00% 0	205	22.93%
1936	35.98% 68	62.43%118	1.59% 3	189	26.46%
1932	33.70% 61	65.19%118	1.10% 2	181	31.49%

References

• New Hampshire portal

1. "2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files – New Hampshire". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
2. "Greenfield town, Hillsborough County, New Hampshire: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
3. Coolidge, Austin J.; John B. Mansfield (1859). A History and Description of New England. Boston, Massachusetts: A.J. Coolidge. pp.  509. coolidge mansfield history description new england 1859.
4. Foster, Debra H.; Batorfalvy, Tatianna N.; Medalie, Laura (1995). Water Use in New Hampshire: An Activities Guide for Teachers. U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.
5. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
6. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
7. "Election Results". sos.nh.gov.

External links

• Official website
• New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile