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Galileo was an American robotic space probe that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as the asteroids Gaspra and Ida. Named after the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei, it consisted of an orbiter and an entry probe. It was delivered into Earth orbit on October 18, 1989, by Space ShuttleAtlantis, during STS-34. Galileo arrived at Jupiter on December 7, 1995, after gravitational assist flybys of Venus and Earth, and became the first spacecraft to orbit an outer planet.
The Europa Clipper Magnetometer (ECM) is a spacecraft magnetometer aboard the planned Europa Clipper mission. It will be used to precisely measure Europa's magnetic field during consecutive fly-bys, allowing scientists to potentially confirm the existence of Europa's hypothesised subsurface ocean. If this ocean exists, the instrument will be able to determine its depth and salinity, as well as the thickness of the moon's icy shell.
References
- 1 2 3 Foust, Jeff (March 6, 2019). "NASA to replace Europa Clipper instrument". SpaceNews . Retrieved March 6, 2019.
- 1 2 3 Raymond, Carol; et al. (August 24, 2015). "ICEMAG - Interior Characterization of Europa Using Magnetometry" (PDF). Outer Planets Assessment Group.
- 1 2 Zurbuchen, Thomas H. (March 5, 2019). "ICEMAG Update on Europa Clipper". SpaceRef. NASA . Retrieved March 6, 2019.
- 1 2 Dyches, Preston (May 27, 2015). "Europa Mission to Probe Magnetic Field and Chemistry". NASA News. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ↑ Tribou, Richard (June 19, 2015). "NASA going to Jupiter moon Europa to hunt for water, keys to life". Orlando Sentinel . Orlando, FL. Archived from the original on November 13, 2017. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
- ↑ "Fluxgate Magnetometer | ELFIN". Electron Losses and Fields Investigation. UCLA. May 6, 2016. Archived from the original on June 16, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
- ↑ Interior Characterization of Europa using Magnetometry (ICEMAG): Probing the Europan Ocean and Exosphere. Raymond, C. A.; Jia, X.; Joy, S. P.; Khurana, K. K.; Murphy, N.; Russell, C. T.; Strangeway, R. J.; Weiss, B. P. American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2015, abstract #P13E-08.
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