Jognakhera

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Jognakhera
Archeological site
India Haryana location map.svg
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Jognakhera
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Jognakhera
Coordinates: 29°58′17″N76°53′14″E / 29.97139°N 76.88722°E / 29.97139; 76.88722
Country India
Province Haryana
Time zone UTC+5.30 (Indian Standard Time)

Jognakhera is an archaeological site belonging to late Harappan phase of Indus Valley civilisation. Jogankhera is located in Kurukshetra District, Haryana, India. [1]

Contents

Period

Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE). Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE).png
Painted Grey Ware Culture (1200-600 BCE).
Archaeological cultures associated with Indo-Iranian migrations (after EIEC). The Andronovo, BMAC and Yaz cultures have often been associated with Indo-Iranian migrations. The GGC (Swat), Cemetery H, Copper Hoard and PGW cultures are candidates for cultures associated with Indo-Aryan migrations. Indo-Iranian origins.png
Archaeological cultures associated with Indo-Iranian migrations (after EIEC). The Andronovo, BMAC and Yaz cultures have often been associated with Indo-Iranian migrations. The GGC (Swat), Cemetery H, Copper Hoard and PGW cultures are candidates for cultures associated with Indo-Aryan migrations.

The find from this site belong to the mature Harappan phase as well as later-era PGW phase (Vedic period). [2] The Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) probably corresponds to the middle and late Vedic period, i.e., the Kuru-Panchala kingdom, the first large state in South Asia after the decline of the Indus Valley civilization (IVC). [3] [4] Painted Grey Ware culture (PGW) chiefdoms in the region were succeeded by Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) from c. 700-500 BCE, associated with the rise of the great mahajanapada states (mahajanapada states Kuru, Panchala, Matsya, Surasena and Vatsa) [2] and later of the Magadha Empire. [3] [4] Towards the end of the late Vedic period, many of the PGW settlements grew into the large towns and cities of the Northern Black Polished Ware (NBPW) period. [5] B.B. Lal confirms that Mahabharata is associated with PGW sites and gives a date to c. 900 BCE for the War recounted in the Mahabharata. [6]

Saraswati valley has the earlier phase of the PGW culture, such as excavation at Hat (Hathira) in Kurukshetra. Hathira was protected by a V-shaped moat. [2] Similar moats were found Jognakhera and Kunal on the Saraswati river. The presence of moat shows these were chiefdom-based cultures. These cultures reach a peak in Ganga-Yamuna Doab before the rise of Mahajanapadas in the Northern Black Polished Ware period. [2]

Excavation

Jognakhera was excavated during 2009, although local people are not aware of the importance of this ancient site. [7] Pot shreds were also recovered from this site. [7]

Copper smelting

Jognakhera was a copper smelting site where copper smelting furnaces with copper slag were recovered. [7] The furnaces excavated from this site looked like huge saucers. [7]

Damage to site

Floods created out of breach to Sutlej Yamuna link canal during July 2010 caused damage to this archeological site. [7]

See also

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References

  1. Ghosh, Amalananda, ed. (1990). An Encyclopaedia of Indian archaeology. Leiden: E.J. Brill. p. 187. ISBN   9789004092648.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Suraj Bhan, Ancient Asia Journal.
  3. 1 2 Geoffrey Samuel, (2010) The Origins of Yoga and Tantra: Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century, Cambridge University Press, pp. 45–51
  4. 1 2 Michael Witzel (1989), Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes ed. Caillat, Paris, 97–265.
  5. Kenoyer, Jonathan. "Cultures and Societies of the Indus Tradition" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 January 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  6. "Mahabharata Historicity by Prof. B B Lal". 24 June 2012.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Sabharwal, Vijay (11 July 2010). "Indus Valley site ravaged by floods". The Times of India . Archived from the original on 11 August 2011.