Bagri language

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Bagri
बागड़ी , ਬਾਗੜੀ
Bagri language.svg
The word "Bagri" written in Devanagari script
Native to India
Region Bagar
EthnicityBagris
Native speakers
8,556,652 (2011 census) [1]
Devanagari, Gurmukhi
Official status
Recognised minority
language in
Panjab, Rajasthan
Language codes
ISO 639-3 bgq
Glottolog bagr1243

The Bagri is a dialect of Punjabi and takes its name from the Bagar tract region of Northwestern India in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana. [3] The language has a very high (70%) lexical similarity with Puadhi Punjabi. Bagri is a typical Indo-Aryan language akin to Punjabi and Rajasthani with SOV word order. The most striking phonological feature of Bagri is the presence of three lexical tones: high, mid, and low, akin to Punjabi.

Contents

The speakers are mostly in India, with a minority of them in Bahawalpur and Bahwalnagar areas in modern day Pakistan. According to the 2011 census of India, there are 234,227 speakers of Bagri Rajasthani and 1,656,588 speakers of Punjabi Bagri. [4]

Geographical distribution

The following table shows the Geographical distribution of Bagri speakers in the states of Rajasthan, Punjab and Haryana.
StatesDistricts and tehsils
Rajasthan
Punjab
Haryana

Features

Phonology

Bagri distinguishes 31 consonants including a retroflex series, 10 vowels, 2 diphthongs, and 3 tones.

Consonants [9]
Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
plosive Voiceless p t ʈ ⟨ṭ⟩ c k
Aspirated ʈʰ ⟨ṭh⟩
Voiced b d ɖ ⟨ḍ⟩ ɟ ⟨j⟩ g
Breathy ɖʰ ⟨ḍh⟩ɟʰ ⟨jh⟩
fricative s h
sonorant Nasal m n ɳ ⟨ṇ⟩
Approximant l ɭ ⟨ḷ⟩ j ⟨y⟩ w
Flap ɽ ⟨ṛ⟩
Trill r

/ɳ/, /ɭ/ and /ɽ/ do not occur word initially.

Vowels [9]
Front Central Back
Close iː ⟨ī⟩ uː ⟨ū⟩
Near-close ɪ ⟨i⟩ ʊ ⟨u⟩
Close-mid eː ⟨e⟩ ə ⟨a⟩ ⟨o⟩
Open-mid ɛː ⟨ai⟩ ɔː ⟨au⟩
Open aː ⟨ā⟩

All vowels have their nasalised counterpart, marked with ◌̃ ( in Devanagari).

Bagri has 3 tones in a similar way to the Punjabi language. A rising-falling tone ◌́,  a rising tone ◌̀, and an unmarked mid tone. [9]

Declension

Verbs

Syntax

Samples

ਤੇਰਾ

Tera

ਨਾਂ

nāa

ਕੀ

ki

aa

ਤੇਰਾ ਨਾਂ ਕੀ ਆ

Tera nāa ki aa

What is your name?

ਕਿੱਥੇ

kithe

ਜਾਣੇ

janne

ਪਏ

Pye

a

ਕਿੱਥੇ ਜਾਣੇ ਪਏ ਆ

kithe janne Pye a

Where are you going?

ਕਿੱਥੇ

kithe

ā

ਕਿੱਥੇ ਆ

kithe ā

Come here

ਕੌਣ

Kon

a

ਤੂੰ

tu

ਕੌਣ ਆ ਤੂੰ

Kon a tu

How are you?

ਤੰਗ

Tang

ਕਾਹਤੋਂ

kahto

ਕਰੀ

kri

ਜਾਣਾ

Janna

a

ਤੰਗ ਕਾਹਤੋਂ ਕਰੀ ਜਾਣਾ ਆ

Tang kahto kri Janna a

Do you only want to disturb things?

बातां

bātāṃ

गा

पीसा

damrha

लागै

lāgai

है.

a

बातां गा पीसा लागै है.

bātāṃ gā damrha lāgai a

Talking costs money.

ਕੀ

ki

ਕਰਦਾ

karda

ਪਏ

pye

a

ਕੀ ਕਰਦਾ ਪਏ ਅ

ki karda pye a

What are you doing?

रोळो

rollo

है

ha

के

ke

कोई

koī

तेरै

terai

रोळो है के कोई तेरै

rollo ha ke koī terai

Do you have any problem?

तू

too

कठै

kithe

गयैड़ो

gayairo

हो

a

तू कठै गयैड़ो हो

too kithe gayairo a

Where did you go?

ਕਿੱਥੇ

Kitho

ਆਉਣਾ

aunna

ਪਏ

Pye

a

ਕਿੱਥੇ ਆਉਣਾ ਪਏ ਆ

Kitho aunna Pye a

Where are you coming from?

ਭਾਂਡਾ

bhanda

ਭਾਂਡਾ

bhanda

Utensils

घोड़ो

Ghodo

होव

hov

जिओं

jiya

घोड़ो होव जिओं

Ghodo hov jiya

Like a horse

कोजवाड़

kojwād

कोजवाड़

kojwād

Embarrassing.

ब्या

viahh

मे

ch

कुण

kon

आयो

pa

ब्या मे कुण आयो

viahh ch kon pa

Who came in the marriage?

टाबरो

tabaro

के

ke

करो

karo

हो

ho

टाबरो के करो हो

tabaro ke karo ho

What are you doing kids?

ਕੁੱਤਾ

Kutta

ਕੁੱਤਾ

Kutta

Dog

Official status

There are two varieties of Bagri, Bagri Rajasthani and Bagri Punjabi. During the census, Bagri Rajasthani, spoken in Haryana and Rajasthan, is considered a Hindi dialect while Bagri Punjabi, spoken in Punjab, is considered a Punjabi dialect. [10]

Work on Bagri

Regions where Bagri is spoken:

See also

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References

  1. "Statement 1: Abstract of speakers' strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011". www.censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
  2. https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/18895/GIPE-070453.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y%7CBagri is classified under Rajasthani language since census 1931 according to Government of India which is available in the provided official pdf
  3. "Revised Land and Revenue Settlement of Hisar District 9006-9011" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  4. Census of India 2011
  5. 1 2 3 Gusain, Lakhan: Reflexives in Bagri. Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 1994
  6. 1 2 Gusain, Lakhan: Limitations of Literacy in Bagri. Nicholas Ostler & Blair Rudes (eds.). Endangered Languages and Literacy. Proceedings of the Fourth FEL Conference. University of North Carolina, Charlotte, 21–24 September 2000
  7. Census India 2001
  8. 1 2 3 "The map shows study area and the Eco-cultural regions of Haryana... | Download Scientific Diagram".
  9. 1 2 3 Gusain, Lakhan. A Descriptive Grammar of Bagri. pp. 165–198.
  10. "LANGUAGE - INDIA, STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES (Table C-16)" (PDF). Census of India 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 July 2018.

Bibliography