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The Indo-Aryan languages are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family. As of the early 21st century, they have more than 800 million speakers, primarily concentrated east of the Indus river in Bangladesh, North India, Eastern Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Nepal. Moreover, apart from the Indian subcontinent, large immigrant and expatriate Indo-Aryan–speaking communities live in Northwestern Europe, Western Asia, North America, the Caribbean, Southeast Africa, Polynesia and Australia, along with several million speakers of Romani languages primarily concentrated in Southeastern Europe. There are over 200 known Indo-Aryan languages.
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The Dardic languages, or Hindu-Kush Indo-Aryan languages, are a group of several Indo-Aryan languages spoken in northern Pakistan, northwestern India and parts of northeastern Afghanistan. This region has sometimes been referred to as Dardistan.
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The Shina or Gilgitis are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group primarily residing in Gilgit–Baltistan and Indus Kohistan in Pakistan, as well as in the Dras Valley and Kishenganga Valley (Gurez) in the northern region of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh in India. They speak an Indo-Aryan language, called Shina and their geographic area of predominance is referred to as Shenaki.
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Brokpa, Drokpa, Dard and Shin is a category of Scheduled Tribes under the Indian constitution.
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References
- 1 2 Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (2007-07-26). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Routledge. p. 889. ISBN 978-1-135-79711-9.
- ↑ Brokskat-Urdu-Hindi-English Dictionary
- ↑ Bray, John (2008). "Corvée transport labour in 19th and early 20th century Ladakh: a study in continuity and change". In Martijn van Beek; Fernanda Pirie (eds.). Modern Ladakh: Anthropological Perspectives on Continuity and Change. BRILL. p. 46. ISBN 978-90-474-4334-6.
- ↑ Bhagabati, Dikshit Sarma (2018-08-03). "Onstage and Offstage". Economic and Political Weekly. 53 (31) – via academia.edu.
The mother tongue of the Brokpa is Minaro, an Indo–Aryan language, though their vocabulary heavily borrows from Ladakhi.
- ↑ Ethnologue, 15th Edition , SIL International, 2005, p. 357 – via archive.org,
Minaro is an alternate ethnic name. "Brokpa" is the name given by the Ladakhi for the people. "Brokskat" is the language.
- ↑ Ethnologue, 15th Edition , SIL International, 2005, p. 357 – via archive.org,
Brokskat' is the language. This is the oldest surviving member of the ancient Dardic language.
- ↑ Ethnologue : languages of the world. Internet Archive. Dallas, Tex. : SIL International. 2005. ISBN 978-1-55671-159-6.
A very divergent variety of Shina
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ↑ Jain, Danesh; Cardona, George (2007-07-26). The Indo-Aryan Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-135-79711-9.
And is not mutually intelligible with the other shina language
- ↑ "بروسکت: پاکستان میں ایک نئی زبان دریافت". Independent Urdu (in Urdu). 2022-03-16. Retrieved 2022-12-30.
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