List of gauge conversions

Last updated December 14, 2024

This is a list of notable railway track gauge conversions, railway lines where the distance between the rails is broadened or narrowed. Conversions to broader gauge are generally to accommodate heavier loads or for wider cars, while conversions to narrower gauge tend to be for compatibility with other lines on a rail network. This list also contains instances of lines already prepared for conversion and those which are planned to be converted.

New gauge (mm)	Original (mm)	Date	Flag & Location	Description
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)		Angola	Luanda Railway
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1950s	Angola	Moçâmedes Railway ^[1]^[2]
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	1885	Australia Tasmania	Rail transport in Tasmania Partially converted to dual gauge as intermediate stage.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1970	Australia South Australia	Transcontinental line: Broken Hill to Port Augusta and Kalgoorlie to Perth as part of the Sydney–Perth rail corridor.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1980	Australia South Australia	Completion of the penultimate link in the Adelaide–Darwin rail corridor, from Tarcoola to Alice Springs. The new line replaced the ancient narrow-gauge Central Australia Railway that was on a different, more floodprone alignment.^{[ citation needed ]}
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	1990-1995	Australia South Australia Victoria	Melbourne–Adelaide rail corridor – 600 km (370 mi) of convertible sleepers installed in 1990 to facilitate quick conversion in 1995.^{[ citation needed ]}
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	2004	Australia Northern Territory	Completion of the final link in the Adelaide–Darwin rail corridor, from Alice Springs to Darwin. For about half the distance, the new line replaced the ancient narrow-gauge North Australia Railway that was closed in 1976.^{[ citation needed ]}
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	2008–2010	Australia Victoria	North East railway line in Victoria. A 200 km (120 mi) section between Seymour and Albury was converted, changing two parallel tracks of different gauges to double track. The Oaklands line that would otherwise have been left as an orphan was converted in 2009. The cost of converting this 126 km (78 mi) line has been estimated as just over A$ 13,000,000.^[3]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	2012	Australia South Australia	South Australia planned to convert its suburban (broad gauge) network to standard gauge in 2012, in conjunction with proposed electrification works. The Outer Harbor and Belair lines were rebuilt with gauge convertible sleepers and re-sleepering of the Gawler line commenced in 2010. The Seaford line was to commence once the Gawler line was completed.^[4] However, both gauge conversion and electrification works were suspended due to funding constraints, with work unlikely to proceed for the foreseeable future.^{[ needs update ]}^{[ citation needed ]}
1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) (temporary)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1950s	Australia South Australia	The Mount Gambier line in South Australia was fitted with some 3-gauge steel sleepers when it was "temporarily" converted,^{[ ambiguous ]} pending later proposed conversion to 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) (which did not occur, the line being abandoned instead).^{[ citation needed ]}
1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1927	Australia South Australia	The break of gauge between the broad and narrow gauge lines moved to Hamley Bridge "only" 78km short of Adelaide amd Port Adelaide. The narrow gauge train could reach this break of gauge after travelling 1260km from Alice Springs.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	Proposed	Australia Western Australia	In Western Australia, the narrow-gauge iron ore railways serving Geraldton port and the new port at Oakajee will be designed for ease of conversion to standard gauge.^[5]^{[ needs update ]}
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	2016–present	Australia Victoria	In Victoria, several wheat lines amounting to about 1,100 km (680 mi) of track, were (or are to be) converted to standard gauge, including:^[6] Maryborough to Mildura, Yelta and Murrayville; Sea Lake and Manangatang. Lines will be converted to dual gauge between Gheringhap to Maryborough. This is part of the Murray Basin Rail Project.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	2026s	Australia Queensland	The Inland Railway line from Melbourne to Brisbne of 1600km length includes about 300km of dual gauge that improves the curves and gradients of the original Brisbane to Toowoomba line. This dual gauge replaces the narrow gauge that was chosen to enable cheap 100m radius curves and 2% gradients.
900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	2008–2009	Austria	Pöstlingbergbahn
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in)	1961	Austria	Tschagguns–Partenen railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	1854–1855	Baden	Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway
1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in), 2 ft 6 in (762 mm), 2 ft (610 mm)	ongoing	Bangladesh	Narrrow gauge is being converted to dual gauge by installing broad gauge third rail. Broad gauge is being converted to dual gauge by installing narrow gauge third rail.
762 mm (2 ft 6 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1898	Barbados	Barbados Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	1880s	Canada	Numerous Provincial Gauge railways in Canada
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1881	Canada	Toronto, Grey and Bruce Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1883	Canada	Toronto and Nipissing Railway with third rail stage.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	1938	China	Chinese–Russian-owned line^[7]
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)		China	South Manchuria Railway, during the Russo-Japanese War
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)		China	South Manchuria Railway, following the Russo-Japanese War
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)		Czech Republic	Muzeum Průmyslových Železnic
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1956	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Kindu (Lualaba River port) – Kibombo – Kongolo – Kabalo (Lualaba River port and junction with Katanga line) – Nyunzu – Niemba – Kalemie (the port on Lake Tanganyika): This line was isolated meter gauge until 1955, when the gauge was changed for the connection with the Katanga line in 1956.
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	762 mm (2 ft 6 in)	1932	Democratic Republic of the Congo	Matadi–Kinshasa Railway converted to 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) on new alignment.
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	610 mm (2 ft)		Democratic Republic of the Congo	Mayumbe line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1924	Denmark	Skagen Line in Denmark
500 mm (19+3⁄4 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)		France	Chemin de Fer Touristique du Tarn
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)	1941	Nazi Germany	Brest–Minsk^[8]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	1964/65	Germany	Zabergäu Railway
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	2004	Germany	Malente-Gremsmühlen–Lütjenburg railway
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	2006	Germany	Waldheim–Kriebethal railway [ de ]
1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in), 2 ft 6 in (762 mm), 2 ft (610 mm)	ongoing	India	Project Unigauge
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1923	Japan	Iyo Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,372 mm (4 ft 6 in)	1959	Japan	Keisei Electric Railway; converted for through-service into Toei Asakusa Line
1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)	750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	early 1970s	Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic	Kokchetav network, 305 km (190 mi), operational since 1954, partly regauged to Russian gauge.^[9]
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)		Laos	Don Det–Don Khon narrow-gauge railway
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)		Latvia	Liepāja–Rucava line, 52 km military line
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)		Lithuania	Further information: Narrow-gauge railways in Lithuania
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1950s	Yugoslavia: North Macedonia	Ohrid line
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	610 mm (2 ft)	1910	Mozambique / Zimbabwe	Beira–Salisbury
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1950	Namibia	Moçâmedes Railway
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1915–1961	Namibia	Otavi Mining and Railway Company
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1910–	Namibia	Swakopmund–Windhoek line
914 mm (3 ft)	610 mm (2 ft)	1920	Nauru	Rail transport in Nauru
1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	762 mm (2 ft 6 in)	2018	Nepal	Jaynagar–Janakpur railway was regauged.
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)		New Zealand	Canterbury Provincial Railways
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	762 mm (2 ft 6 in)	1912–1914	Nigeria	Bauchi Light Railway
			Nigeria	Port Harcourt – Onne, convertible sleepers installed since gauge conversion not imminent.
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	1915	Norway	Sulitjelma Line converted from 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) to dual gauge with 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) and when later closed was converted to a road.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1922	Norway	Skøyen–Filipstad Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1922	Norway	Trondhjem–Støren Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1935	Norway	Arendal Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1944	Norway	Ålgård Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1941	Norway Nazi Germany	Røros Line in occupied Norway converted by German forces.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1949	Norway	Grevskap Line in Norway
1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in), 2 ft 6 in (762 mm), 2 ft (610 mm)	2000	Pakistan	All narrow-gauge tracks in Pakistan were re-gauged or were dismantled.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	2001	Panama	The Panama Canal Railroad, by then in a dilapidated state, was reconstructed and relaid.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	914 mm (3 ft)	2009	Peru	Peru from Huancayo to Huancavelica; 147 km (91 mi).^[10]^[11]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	2019–ongoing	Philippines	The Philippine National Railways is reconstructing its dilapidated narrow-gauge network to standard gauge.^[12]^[13]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	after 1918	Poland	In part of Poland under Russian control (Russian Partition), some railways were Russian broad gauge. These were converted to standard gauge after Poland gained independence, to unify the national system.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1924	Poland	World War I field railway connecting Nasielsk and Sierpc, 88 km long.
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1932	Poland	World War I field railway from Dūkštas to Druya. After the occupation of the Vilnius Region by Poland, the PKP regauged the line.^[14] After World War II the majority of the line ended up in Belorussian SSR and closed in the 1970s.^[15]
1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)	1,664 mm (5 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	19th century	Portugal
1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	2004	Portugal	The Guimarães line in Portugal was electrified and converted from metre gauge to Iberian broad gauge in 2004.
1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	2003-2019	Russia	The railways of Sakhalin Island were converted in sections, first laying the third (outer) rail, making rail lines usable by both Japanese- and Russian-gauge trains. Once the railways throughout the island have been converted to the Russian gauge (by 2012), the inner rail was removed.^[16]
		–1918	Russian Empire German Empire	World War I as fronts and borders changed
		–1945	Soviet Union Nazi Germany	World War II as fronts and borders changed
1,524 mm (5 ft)	1,829 mm (6 ft)	1897	Russian Empire	The first railway in Russia connecting Saint Petersburg to Tsarskoye Selo
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	(proposed)	Sierra Leone	Port Pepel iron ore line, derelict^[17]
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	610 mm (2 ft)		South Africa	Further information: Two-foot-gauge railways in South Africa
1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)	1,672 mm (5 ft 5+13⁄16 in)	19th century	Spain
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1976	Spain	The line from Cartagena to Los Blancos was converted at the same time it was extended to Los Nietos.^[18]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in)	2000s	Spain	Spain is building its high-speed lines to standard gauge, even though the existing system is Iberian; new cutoff lines are being built with gauge-convertible sleepers.
1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	762 mm (2 ft 6 in)	1996	Sri Lanka	The only narrow-gauge lines in Sri Lanka: Kelani Valley line was regauged while the 762 mm (2 ft 6 in) Uda Pussellawa railway was dismantled.
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1960s	Sweden	The Östra Södermanlands Järnväg railway in Mariefred mostly runs on tracks which were converted from standard gauge when it was remade into a heritage railway in the 1960s.
891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1934	Sweden	The short and isolated standard gauge tram line Långängsbanan built in 1911 in the northern Stockholm suburb of Stocksund, was converted to the narrow 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in) Swedish three foot of the adjacent Roslag Railway in 1934. Långängsbanan was closed in 1966.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)	1973-1978	Sweden	The railway between Kalmar and Berga was converted during the 1970s.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)	1972	Sweden	The railway between Sandbäckshult and Mönsterås was converted between 1970 and 1972. In Sandbäckshult, the line connects to the Kalmar-Berga line. Both were converted to facilitate standard gauge transport to the pulp mill in Mönsterås.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in)	1953-1962	Sweden	Kinnekulle Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in)	1854	Switzerland	Swiss Northern Railway
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	2022	Switzerland	Waldenburg Railway Being converted as part of a modernisation of the line.
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	2010	Switzerland	Swiss National Railway The former Nationalbahn line from Aarau to Suhr was converted to metre gauge to allow replacement of a street running section on the Menziken–Aarau–Schöftland railway line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,050 mm (3 ft 5+11⁄32 in)	(proposed)	Syria	Hejaz Railway
			Tanzania	Tanzania in 2008 is proposed 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)/1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in) steel sleepers and 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)/1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) concrete sleepers to suit gauge conversion.
1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1920 onward	Thailand	From 1920, the standard gauge part of the Siam railway amounting to 1,000 km (620 mi) was converted first to third rail, and then to 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) (metre gauge) making the whole system metre gauge.^[19]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in)	(proposed)	Tunisia	Tunis - Sfax Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)	1920s	Turkey	Kars–Gyumri–Tbilisi railway
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in)	1948–1949	Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic	Beregovo region network, around 200 km (120 mi); initially built during the Hungarian Empire and regauged when Ukraine became part of the Soviet Union.^[20]
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in)		Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic	Uzhhorod region, 35 km (22 mi).^[20]
750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in)	600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)		Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic	Vapniarka railways, 140 km (87 mi).
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	1844	United Kingdom: England	The Eastern Counties Railway, constructed in 1839 and the connecting Northern and Eastern Railway, constructed in 1840.
610 mm (2 ft)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)		United Kingdom: Wales	Eigiau Reservoir Tramway
381 mm (15 in)	610 mm (2 ft)	1916	United Kingdom: Wales	Fairbourne Railway
311 mm (12+1⁄4 in)	381 mm (15 in)	1986	United Kingdom: Wales	Fairbourne Railway
610 mm (2 ft)	914 mm (3 ft)	1986	United Kingdom: Wales	Gorseddau Junction and Portmadoc Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	2,140 mm ( 7 ft 1⁄4 in )	1892	United Kingdom: England / Wales	Great Western Railway
600 mm (1 ft 11+5⁄8 in)	597 mm (1 ft 11+1⁄2 in)		United Kingdom: England	Lynton and Barnstaple Railway
1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	597 mm (1 ft 11+1⁄2 in)	2002	United Kingdom: England	Southport Pier Tramway
597 mm (1 ft 11+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1950	United Kingdom: England	Southport Pier Tramway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	2,140 mm ( 7 ft 1⁄4 in )	1872	United Kingdom: Wales	Teifi Valley Railway
603 mm (1 ft 11+3⁄4 in)	597 mm (1 ft 11+1⁄2 in)	1901–1902	United Kingdom: Wales	Vale of Rheidol Railway
825 mm (2 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	610 mm (2 ft)	1884	United Kingdom: England	Volk's Electric Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,473 mm (4 ft 10 in)	1866	United States New Jersey	Morris and Essex converted in 12 days^[21]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)	1911^[22]	United States Maine	Maine Central Railroad Company
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	914 mm (3 ft)	1879	United States California	Monterey Branch Line
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	965 mm (3 ft 2 in)	1879	United States California	Monterey and Pacific Grove Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	914 mm (3 ft)	1881	United States Colorado	Denver to Pueblo on Denver & Rio Grande Railroad.^[23] This began a progressive and gradual conversion to standard gauge across Colorado, wherever the traffic justified the conversion
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	1886	United States	AN ACT to establish the gauge of the Pacific railroad and its branches. ^[24] set the standard for the First transcontinental railroad and encouraged previously laid lines to regauge. Southern railroads were not converted until 1886^[25] when they were regauged to 1448 mm (4 ft 9 in). This was functionally compatible with standard gauge, final conversions taking place as track was maintained. Main article: Track gauge in the United States § Towards standardization
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,524 mm (5 ft)	1906	United States California	Market Street Railway Polk cable car rebuilt as standard gauge electric trolley following the 1906 San Francisco earthquake ^[26]
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1898	United States California	San Diego Electric Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	914 mm (3 ft)	1902	United States Iowa	Burlington and Northwestern Railway
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)	1906	United States California	Venice Short Line when sold from the Los Angeles Pacific Railroad to the Pacific Electric
1,588 mm (5 ft 2+1⁄2 in)	1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1997	United States Louisiana	The Riverfront Streetcar Line of the New Orleans streetcar system was converted to conform with the rest of the historic streetcar system.
1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)	1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in)		Central Asia	While China and Europe are connected by rail, and while both are mainly 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in), the intervening Central Asia Railways are 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in) gauge. There are discussions about facilitating an eventual linkage of the Chinese and European standard gauge system. Further information: Eurasian Land Bridge

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Bogie exchange is a system for operating railway wagons on two or more gauges to overcome difference in the track gauge. To perform a bogie exchange, a car is converted from one gauge to another by removing the bogies or trucks, and installing a new bogie with differently spaced wheels. It is generally limited to wagons and carriages, though the bogies on diesel locomotives can be exchanged if enough time is available.

Ferrocarril de Langreo or FC de Langreo (FCL) was a Spanish railway company which operated a 1,435 mmstandard gauge line, in the Autonomous Community of Asturias, in northern Spain. It was the third train line constructed in Spain and was built during the 1850s.

The Whittier Line was a Pacific Electric interurban line which traveled between Los Angeles and Whittier via Huntington Park, Rivera, and Los Nietos. A branch of the company's original Long Beach Line, operations along the line began in 1903. Due to its indirect route, passenger operations were eventually replaced by bus service on Whittier Boulevard after 1938. Tracks were largely retained for use by freight trains, eventually becoming the Union Pacific La Habra Subdivision. A short segment of the route is expected to be reactivated for passenger service as part of the Southeast Gateway Line.

Traditionally, the gauge of the national railway in Spain, now managed by Adif, is 1,668 mm, known as Iberian gauge. This gauge was decided upon by a Parliamentary committee, after a report known as the Informe Subercase in 1844. Spain has 11,791 km of track with this gauge.

The Northwestern Pacific Railroad operated a network of electric interurban lines in Marin County, California from 1903 to 1941. The lines ran to Sausalito at the southern tip of the county, where connecting ferries ran to San Francisco. Trains consisted of electric multiple units powered by third rail electrification. The lines were the first third-rail electrification in California, and the first major railroad to use alternating current signals.

References

↑ Durrant, A.E., A.A. Jorgensen, C.P. Lewis. Steam in Africa, London, 1981, Hamlyn.
↑ "Railways in Angola". 11 November 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
↑ "Jasper supports Oaklands rail line upgrade". Australia: Ken Jasper MLA, Member for Murray Valley. 9 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 July 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
↑ "Rail Revitalisation". South Australian Department of Transport, Energy and Infrastructure. Retrieved 25 August 2008.
↑ "Murchison Metals Ltd – Projects : Oakajee Port and Rail". Mml.net.au. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
↑ Railway Digest, October 2015, pg 36
↑ "ABOUT BOOKS". The Morning Bulletin . Rockhampton, Qld. 6 October 1939. p. 9. Retrieved 19 March 2014– via National Library of Australia.
↑ Stolfi, Russel H. S. (1991). "Chapter Eleven. German Logistics: Could the Germans Support an Advance into the Moscow-Gorki Space in the Summer of 1941?". Hitler's Panzers East: World War II Reinterpreted. Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press. Retrieved 1 December 2016– via Military Literature.
↑ "MPS-lines in Kazakhstan (part 1)". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
↑ Trains, March 2009, p68
↑ Fender, Keith (8 December 2015). "High hopes for Peru's Andean railway". International Railway Journal. US. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
↑ Barrow, Keith (9 August 2016). "Philippines adopts standard gauge for new lines". International Rail Journal. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
↑ Ordinario, Cai (18 September 2020). "Neda says 104 flagship projects ready for implementation next year". BusinessMirror. Retrieved 15 February 2021.
↑ "Linia Dukszty - Druja" (in Polish).
↑ "The TU2 pages". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
↑ Сахалинская узкоколейная железная дорога (The narrow-gauge railways of Sakhalin) Archived 15 November 2013 at archive.today (in Russian)
↑ "allAfrica.com: Sierra Leone: African Minerals to Boost Bunbuna Hydro (Page 1 of 1)". Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.
↑ Ferropedia – Ferrocarril Cartagena – Los Nietos, http://ferropedia.es/wiki/Ferrocarril_Cartagena_-_Los_Nietos
↑ "Break of Gauge – Letters to the Editor". The Sydney Morning Herald. Australia. 13 June 1938. Retrieved 1 June 2016– via Trove – National Library of Australia.
1 2 "MPS lines in Carpathian Ukraine". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.
↑ https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1866/07/03/90433709.pdf The New York Times, 3 July 1866
↑ Hanson, Erle C. (1990). Monterey & Pacific Grove Street Car Era. Glendale, California: Interurban Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-916374-91-2. OL 1876952M.
↑ Wilkins, Tivis (Tiv) E. (1974). "Part II – Expansion And Consolidation". Colorado Railroads. Pruett Publishing Company.
↑ "An act to establish the gauge of the Pacific railroad and its branches". US: Congress. 1 March 1863. Retrieved 1 June 2016– via Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum.
↑ "The Days They Changed the Gauge".
↑ Smallwood, Charles A. (1978). The White Front Cars of San Francisco. Interurbans. p. 120. ISBN 9780916374327. OL 4750365M.

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[1] Durrant, A.E., A.A. Jorgensen, C.P. Lewis. Steam in Africa, London, 1981, Hamlyn.

[2] "Railways in Angola". 11 November 2010. Retrieved 27 November 2010.

[3] "Jasper supports Oaklands rail line upgrade". Australia: Ken Jasper MLA, Member for Murray Valley. 9 July 2008. Archived from the original on 18 July 2008. Retrieved 1 June 2016.

[rr-4] "Rail Revitalisation". South Australian Department of Transport, Energy and Infrastructure. Retrieved 25 August 2008.

[5] "Murchison Metals Ltd – Projects : Oakajee Port and Rail". Mml.net.au. Archived from the original on 21 March 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.

[6] Railway Digest, October 2015, pg 36

[7] "ABOUT BOOKS". The Morning Bulletin . Rockhampton, Qld. 6 October 1939. p. 9. Retrieved 19 March 2014– via National Library of Australia.

[Stolfi-8] Stolfi, Russel H. S. (1991). "Chapter Eleven. German Logistics: Could the Germans Support an Advance into the Moscow-Gorki Space in the Summer of 1941?". Hitler's Panzers East: World War II Reinterpreted. Norman and London: University of Oklahoma Press. Retrieved 1 December 2016– via Military Literature.

[9] "MPS-lines in Kazakhstan (part 1)". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.

[10] Trains, March 2009, p68

[11] Fender, Keith (8 December 2015). "High hopes for Peru's Andean railway". International Railway Journal. US. Retrieved 1 December 2016.

[12] Barrow, Keith (9 August 2016). "Philippines adopts standard gauge for new lines". International Rail Journal. Retrieved 15 February 2021.

[13] Ordinario, Cai (18 September 2020). "Neda says 104 flagship projects ready for implementation next year". BusinessMirror. Retrieved 15 February 2021.

[14] "Linia Dukszty - Druja" (in Polish).

[15] "The TU2 pages". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.

[16] Сахалинская узкоколейная железная дорога (The narrow-gauge railways of Sakhalin) Archived 15 November 2013 at archive.today (in Russian)

[17] "allAfrica.com: Sierra Leone: African Minerals to Boost Bunbuna Hydro (Page 1 of 1)". Archived from the original on 24 October 2008.

[18] Ferropedia – Ferrocarril Cartagena – Los Nietos, http://ferropedia.es/wiki/Ferrocarril_Cartagena_-_Los_Nietos

[19] "Break of Gauge – Letters to the Editor". The Sydney Morning Herald. Australia. 13 June 1938. Retrieved 1 June 2016– via Trove – National Library of Australia.

[MPS-20] 1 2 "MPS lines in Carpathian Ukraine". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016.

[21] ttps://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1866/07/03/90433709.pdf The New York Times, 3 July 1866

[22] Hanson, Erle C. (1990). Monterey & Pacific Grove Street Car Era. Glendale, California: Interurban Press. p. 42. ISBN 0-916374-91-2. OL 1876952M.

[23] Wilkins, Tivis (Tiv) E. (1974). "Part II – Expansion And Consolidation". Colorado Railroads. Pruett Publishing Company.

[24] "An act to establish the gauge of the Pacific railroad and its branches". US: Congress. 1 March 1863. Retrieved 1 June 2016– via Central Pacific Railroad Photographic History Museum.

[25] "The Days They Changed the Gauge".

[26] Smallwood, Charles A. (1978). The White Front Cars of San Francisco. Interurbans. p. 120. ISBN 9780916374327. OL 4750365M.

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v t e Track gauge (list)
Minimum-gauge Minimum-gauge railways	15 in (381 mm) 400 mm (15+3⁄4 in) 16 in (406 mm) 18 in (457 mm) 19 in (483 mm) 500 mm (19+3⁄4 in) 20 in (508 mm) 21 in (533 mm) 1 ft 10 in (559 mm)
Narrow gauge	2 foot and 600 mm 2 ft 3 in (686 mm) 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) 760 mm (2 ft 5+15⁄16 in) 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) 800 mm (2 ft 7+1⁄2 in) 891 mm (2 ft 11+3⁄32 in) Swedish three foot 900 mm (2 ft 11+7⁄16 in) 3 ft (914 mm) 950 mm (3 ft 1+3⁄8 in) Italian metre gauge 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge 1,050 mm (3 ft 5+11⁄32 in), 1,055 mm (3 ft 5+1⁄2 in), 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) 1,093 mm (3 ft 7 in), 1,100 mm (3 ft 7+5⁄16 in), 1,200 mm (3 ft 11+1⁄4 in) 4 ft (1,219 mm) 4 ft 1 in (1,245 mm), Middleton Railway 4 ft 6 in (1,372 mm), Scotch gauge 4 ft 6+1⁄2 in (1,384 mm), Scotch gauge 4 ft 7+3⁄4 in (1,416 mm) 4 ft 8 in (1,422 mm), almost standard gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄4 in (1,429 mm) 1,432 mm (4 ft 8+3⁄8 in)
Standard gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in / 1,435 mm, Stephenson gauge
Broad gauge	1,440 mm (4 ft 8+11⁄16 in) 1,445 mm (4 ft 8+7⁄8 in) 1,450 mm (4 ft 9+3⁄32 in) 4 ft 9+3⁄8 in (1,457 mm) 1,458 mm (4 ft 9+13⁄32 in) 4 ft 10+7⁄8 in (1,495 mm), Toronto gauge 5 ft / 1,524 mm and 1,520 mm (4 ft 11+27⁄32 in), Russian gauge. 5 ft 2+1⁄4 in / 1,581 mm and 5 ft 2+1⁄2 in / 1,588 mm, Pennsylvania gauge 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm), Irish gauge 5 ft 4+1⁄2 in (1,638 mm), Baltimore gauge 1,668 mm (5 ft 5+21⁄32 in), Iberian gauge 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm), Indian gauge 1,945 mm (6 ft 4+9⁄16 in), De Arend 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm), Brunel gauge 3,000 mm (9 ft 10+1⁄8 in), Breitspurbahn 8,200 mm (26 ft 10+27⁄32 in), Lärchwandschrägaufzug 9,000 mm (29 ft 6+5⁄16 in), Krasnoyarsk ship lift
List of track gauge articles	List of track gauges List of tram track gauges Miniature railways Minimum-gauge railways Large amusement railways
Gauge differences	Bogie exchange Break of gauge Dual gauge Gauge conversion list Variable gauge
Transport mode	Tram and light rail Rapid transit Miniature Scale model
Categories	by country by imperial units by metric units by name lists of track gauges

List of gauge conversions

See also

Related Research Articles

References