List of track gauges

Last updated

Map of the world's railways showing the different major gauges in use
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3 ft gauge (914 mm)
Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
Russian gauge (1,520 mm)
Five foot gauge (1,524 mm)
Irish gauge (1,600 mm)
Iberian gauge (1,668 mm)
Indian gauge (1,676 mm) World RR Gauge Map.agr.png
Map of the world's railways showing the different major gauges in use
   3 ft gauge (914 mm)
   Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
   Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
   Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
   Russian gauge (1,520 mm)
       Five foot gauge (1,524 mm)
   Irish gauge (1,600 mm)
   Iberian gauge (1,668 mm)
   Indian gauge (1,676 mm)

This list presents an overview of railway track gauges by size. A gauge is measured between the inner faces of the rails.

Contents

Narrow gauge (1,067 mm)
Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
Broad gauge (1,600 mm)
The large network of narrow-gauge sugar cane light railways, almost all 610 mm (2 ft) gauge, is not shown. See Rail gauge in Australia. Australia OpenRailway gauge map.agr.png
   Narrow gauge (1,067 mm)
   Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
   Broad gauge (1,600 mm)
The large network of narrow-gauge sugar cane light railways, almost all 610 mm (2 ft) gauge, is not shown. See Rail gauge in Australia.
Triple-gauge track on turntable, Gladstone, South Australia Triple-gauge track on turntable, Gladstone, South Australia (HSWilliams).jpg
Triple-gauge track on turntable, Gladstone, South Australia

Track gauges by size

Museum display showing comparison of the following track gauges:
600 mm
750 mm
Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
Five foot gauge (1,524 mm)
Irish gauge (1,600 mm)
Indian gauge (1,676 mm) Track gauges 01.jpg
Museum display showing comparison of the following track gauges:
   600 mm
   750 mm
   Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
   Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
   Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
   Five foot gauge (1,524 mm)
   Irish gauge (1,600 mm)
   Indian gauge (1,676 mm)

Minimum and ridable miniature railways

For ridable miniature railways and minimum-gauge railways, the gauges are overlapping. There are also some extreme narrow-gauge railways listed. See: Distinction between a ridable miniature railway and a minimum-gauge railway for clarification.

Model railway gauges are covered in rail transport modelling scales.

Train with model Southern Railway Schools class on the dual-gauge Orchid Line Orchid Line - 2009-10-25.jpg
Train with model Southern Railway Schools class on the dual-gauge Orchid Line
Triple-gauge pointwork (
3+1/2 in, 5 in, and
7+1/4 in) on the Orchid Line. The upper right branch does not include the
3+1/2 in gauge. Triple-gauge pointwork on the Orchid Line IoM.jpg
Triple-gauge pointwork (3+12 in, 5 in, and 7+14 in) on the Orchid Line. The upper right branch does not include the 3+12 in gauge.
GaugeCountryNotes
MetricImperial
 
89 mm3+12 inSee 3+12 in (89 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
121 mm4+34 inSee 4+34 in (121 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
127 mm5 inSee 5 in (127 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
145 mm5+710 in and 5+4564 in Denmark Brandhøjbanen dk , at Hedeland veteran railway dk , Hedeland, Hedehusene, Høje-Taastrup. Mixed gauge:

5 in (127 mm), 5+710 in (145 mm) and 7+14 in (184 mm) gauges are all in use on this model-miniature railway., [1] [2] there is also one at Denmark’s railway museum in Odense, [3] [4] [5] one at the Tramway Museum Skjoldenæsholm, Jystrup, Ringsted, [6] and many other model-miniature railways in Denmark [7] [8] [9] [10] and Model lane Europe, Hadsten, Favrskov [11] and many others. [12] [13] [14] [15]

184 mm7+14 inSee 7+14 (184 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
190.5 mm7+12 inSee 7+12 in (190.5 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
210 mm8+14 inSee 8+14 in (210 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
229 mm9 inSee 9 in (229 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
England Railway built by minimum-gauge pioneer Sir Arthur Heywood, later abandoned in favor of 15 in (381 mm) gauge.
240 mm9+716 inSee 9+716 in (240 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
241 mm9+12 inSee 9+12 in (241 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
260 mm10+14 inSee 10+14 in (260 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
267 mm10+12 inEngland Beale Park miniature railway
305 mm12 inSee 12 in (305 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
310 mm12+1364 inDenmarkSee Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark.
311 mm12+14 in Wales Fairbourne Railway
340 mm13+38 in Netherlands Ridable miniature railway in DierenPark Amersfoort [16]
350 mm13+2532 in Netherlands Collection Decauville Spoorweg Museum [17]
356 mm14 in United States See 14 in (356 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways and Chicago Tunnel Company (during construction process).
368 mm14+12 in United States John J. Coit's Seaside Park Miniature Railway and Long Beach and Asbury Park Railway
381 mm15 inSee 15 in gauge railways.
400 mm15+34 in Denmark See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark.
France Agricultural field railways (Decauville portable track)
406 mm16 in United States See 16 in (406 mm) gauge ridable miniature railways.
419 mm16+12 in Canada See 16+12 in (419 mm) gauge ridable miniature railway.
England Berkhamsted Gasworks Railway [18]
432 mm17 inEnglandLong Rake Spar mine, underground mine railway [19]
450 mm17+2332 in Czech Republic Industrial railways [20]
EnglandLittlethorpe Potteries, hand-worked line connecting clay pits to pottery [21]
457 mm18 in England Crewe Works Railway, Horwich Works Railway, Royal Arsenal Railway, Sand Hutton Light Railway, Steeple Grange Light Railway
United States Eastlake Park Scenic Railway, Venice Miniature Railway and Billy Jones Wildcat Railroad
Australia National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide
470 mm18+12 inUnited States Travel Town Museum miniature railway
483 mm19 in Isle of Man Great Laxey Mine Railway
United States Swanton Pacific Railroad
495 mm19+12 inEnglandAyle Colliery mine railway, Athole G. Allen Ltd. Closehouse Barytes Mine railway [19]

Narrow gauge

Railways with a track gauge between 500 mm (19+34 in) and 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge.

A diamond crossing of tracks of two different gauges Trilhos perto de Uruguaiana * 3.jpg
A diamond crossing of tracks of two different gauges
A diamond crossing of tracks of two different gauges Diamond Crossing Dual Gauge Double Line.png
A diamond crossing of tracks of two different gauges
2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge track Narrow gauge track - geograph.org.uk - 3511759.jpg
2 ft (610 mm) narrow-gauge track
Comparison of four gauges in Hoorn:
Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
750 mm Vier spoorwijdten (comparison of four gauges).JPG
Comparison of four gauges in Hoorn:
   Standard gauge (1,435 mm)
   Cape gauge (1,067 mm)
   Meter gauge (1,000 mm)
   750 mm
Dual-gauge track in Nevada: standard and 3 ft (914 mm) Nevada State Railroad Museum - panoramio (9).jpg
Dual-gauge track in Nevada: standard and 3 ft (914 mm)
GaugeCountryNotes
MetricImperial
 
500 mm 19+34 in Austria Geriatriezentrum Am Wienerwald Feldbahn
Argentina Tren del Fin del Mundo, Ushuaia   Parque Nacional Tierra del Fuego
Denmark See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark
France Several Decauville portable railways, Chemin de Fer Touristique du Tarn, Petit train d'Artouste
HungaryMining railways in Pilisszentiván (defunct), Törökszentmiklós brick factory
508 mm20 inEngland Great Woburn Railway situated in Woburn Safari Park; and North Bay Railway near Scarborough
United States Confusion Hill
Russia Krasnoyarsk Child Railway
520 mm 20+1532 in GermanySeveral mine railways. Origine: from 1 ft 8 in preußische Zoll = 523.2 mm. [22]
533 mm21 in England Pleasure Beach Express
550 mm21+2132 inDenmarkMønsted Kalkgruber, in a former limestone quarry, railway is preserved.

Narrow-gauge railways in Europe
Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark.

Germany Mine railways in Mayen
557 mm21+1516 in Dominican Republic Transport in the Dominican Republic
560 mm 22+116 in GermanySalt mine railway in Berchtesgaden [23]
575 mm 22+58 in GermanyIron ore mine railways in Bad Ems and Ramsbeck [24]
578 mm1 ft 10+34 inUnited States Lakeside Amusement Park & San Francisco Zoo
Wales Penrhyn Quarry Railway
580 mm 22+2732 in AustriaWolfsegg Traunthaler Kohlenwerke in Ampflwang im Hausruckwald [25]
HungaryMining railways in Dorog (defunct)
597 mm 1 ft 11+12 in See 2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways
2 ft gauge railways in Australia
2 ft and 600 mm gauge railways in the United Kingdom
600 mm 1 ft 11+58 in
603 mm 1 ft 11+34 in
610 mm 2 ft
620 mm2 ft 1332 in Slovenia Cave railway in the Postojna Cave [26]
622 mm 2 ft 12 in Wales Penrhyn Quarry Railway, until 1879
630 mm 24+1316 in Germany Brickworks in Zehdenick [27]
650 mm2 ft 1+1932Brazil [28]
Mozambique [28]
655 mm 2 ft 1+2532 in GermanySchlebusch-Harkorter Coal Railway[ citation needed ]
660 mm 2 ft 2 in Germany Industrial and mine railways in Saarland and Rhineland-Palatinate
Japan Yamanashi horse-drawn tramway
Wales Cwt y Bugail quarry
682 mm2 ft 2+2732 inDenmarkSee Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark
686 mm 2 ft 3 in See List of 2 ft 3 in gauge railways
693 mm 2 ft 3+932 in Sweden 28 Swedish inches. [29] Several railways.
700 mm 2 ft 3+916 in DenmarkSee Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark and Narrow-gauge railways in Europe. Common for sugar beet or sugar cane railways and peat railways. Hedeland veteran railway is preserved dk . [30] [31] [32] [33] [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] [39] [40] [41] [42]
  • Store Vildmose railway don’t exist anymore, only a few materials and only one train remains for preservation on Hedeland veteran railway. [43] [44] [36] [45] [46]
  • Stenvad Mosebrug (Stenvad Mosebrugscenter), Mosebrugsbanen peat museum railway is preserved. [47] [48] [49] [50]
  • Bunkermuseum Hanstholm museum (MuseumsCenter Hanstholm) railway is preserved. [51] [52]
  • Blovstrød Banen railway is preserved.
  • Lille Vildmose (Lille Vildmosecentret), Lille Vildmose Museum Center, Dokkedal railway is preserved. [53] [54]
  • Ree Park America Expresses. [55]
  • Østerbygård Dambrug is an active industrial railway. [56]
  • Fuglsø mose is an active industrial railway. [57] [58]
  • Pindstrup Mosebrug is an active industrial railway. [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [44]
England Biwater Pipes and Castings [66]
France Chemin de fer d'Abreschviller
Hungary Pálházi State Forest Railway (1888-1947, rebuilt to 760 mm)
Indonesia Once used by 36 sugar mills in Java, only 23 still in use.
Latvia Used in some peat railways
Netherlands Used in industrial, peat, and field railways
711 mm 2 ft 4 in England Snailbeach District Railways
716 mm 2 ft 4+316 in PolandDobre Aleksandrowskie Kruszwica railway [67] (operating tourist railway)
724 mm 2 ft 4+12 in WalesGuest Keen Baldwins Iron and Steel Company Ltd.: Briton Ferry Steelworks, [68] Glyn Valley Tramway
737 mm 2 ft 5 in England St. Michael's Mount Tramway [69]
740 mm 2 ft 5+18 in Luxembourg Minière et Métallurgique de Rodange mine railway [70]
750 mm 2 ft 5+12 in See 750 mm gauge railways
760 mm 2 ft 5+1516 in BulgariaOrigin: 12 Austrian fathom
See Bosnian gauge

Septemvri Dobriniste narrow railway

762 mm 2 ft 6 in See 2 ft 6 in gauge railways
765 mm2 ft 6+18 in DR Congo Matadi–Kinshasa Railway, converted to 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) 1925–1931. [71]
Denmark See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark
775 mm2 ft 6+12 in England Jee's Hartshill Granite Quarry [72]
Germany Bombergbahn  [ de ], a funicular in Bad Pyrmont
785 mm2 ft 6+2932 inDenmarkSee Narrow-gauge railways in Europe and Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark. Hjerl Hede museum (Frilandsmuseum) peat railway is preserved, 785 mm 2 ft 6+2932 in and 791 mm 2 ft 7+532 in gauges are both used on this railway. [73]
GermanyOrigin: 2+12 Prussian feet
Bröl Valley Railway
Poland Silesian Interurbans, Upper Silesian narrow gauge railways
791 mm2 ft 7+532 in Denmark See Narrow-gauge railways in Denmark and Narrow-gauge railways in Europe. Faxe Jernbane in southern Zealand, 791 mm 2 ft 7+532 in and 785 mm 2 ft 6+2932 in, 2½ feet (785 mm) both gauges were used at Faxe Jernbane and Faxe limestone quarry, none remains, only a few materials and trains from Faxe Jernbane and Faxe limestone quarry remains for preservation on Hedeland veteran railway dk . [74] [75]
800 mm 2 ft 7+12 in See 800 mm gauge railways
802 mm2 ft 7+916 inSwedenFar behind 891 mm (2 ft 11+332 in), one of the most common narrow gauges in Sweden, for example the Hällefors–Fredriksberg Railways  [ sv ] (1874–1970) in Värmland. Never formed much of a network, none remain.
813 mm2 ft 8 inEngland Winnal Gasworks Railway [76]
Wales Rhosydd Quarry, a counterbalance weight for a 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) gauge incline;
820 mm2 ft 8+932 inGermany Prince William Railway Company, Wuppertal-Vohwinkel–Essen-Überruhr railway, converted to standard gauge.
825 mm2 ft 8+12 inEngland Brighton and Rottingdean Seashore Electric Railway (a vehicle that ran on two parallel 2 ft 8+12 in (825 mm) gauge tracks, billed as 18 ft (5.5 m) gauge), Furzebrook Railway and Volk's Electric Railway
838 mm2 ft 9 inJapan Nankai Railway (former gauge, converted to 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in gauge)
England Seaton Tramway, Volk's Electric Railway (former gauge)
850 mm 2 ft 9+1532 in ItalyPonte Tresa-Luino (1924: converted to 1,100 mm (3 ft 7+516 in) gauge, 1950: closed)

Menaggio–Porlezza railway (1939: closed)

860 mm2 ft 9+78 inGermanyAlsen´sche Portland-Cementfabrik KG in Itzehoe [77]
876 mm2 ft 10+12 inEnglandBiwater Pipes and Castings [78] Cattybrook Brickworks railway [18]
880 mm 2 ft 10+2132 in GermanyBayerisches Moor- und Torfmuseum, [79] Peat museum (operating)
Norway Industrial railway in Stokke
889 mm 2 ft 11 in England Miller Engineering & Construction Ltd. Sandiacre depot [80]
GermanySchlebusch-Harkorter Coal Railway[ citation needed ]
891 mm 2 ft 11+332 in Sweden3 Swedish feet

See Swedish three-foot–gauge railways

900 mm 2 ft 11+716 in See 900 mm gauge railways
914 mm 3 ft See 3 ft gauge railways
3 ft gauge railways in the United Kingdom
925 mm 3 ft 1332 in Germany Trams in Chemnitz, since in 1914
943 mm3 ft 1+18 inEngland Central Electricity Generating Board Fawley Tunnel [76]
946 mm 3 ft 1+14 in Austria Gletscherbahn Kaprun 2, [81] a funicular partly inside a tunnel.
950 mm 3 ft 1+38 in Eritrea Eritrean Railway
HungaryZsuzsi Forest Railway (1882-1961, re-built to 760 mm)
Italy Cagliari light rail, Circumvesuviana, Dolomites Railway, Ferrovia Circumetnea, Ferrovie della Sardegna, Metrosassari, Rome–Giardinetti railway, Rome–Fiuggi railway
Libya Italian Libya Railways
Somalia Mogadishu-Villabruzzi Railway
955 mm 3 ft 1+1932 in Switzerland Polybahn funicular
965 mm 3 ft 2 in England Clifton Rocks Railway
United States Birmingham Coal Company Railroad, Detroit, Bay City & Alpena Railroad, Keeling Coal Company, Trinidad Street Railway (Colorado), [82] and Streetcars in Monterey (1891–1914)
972 mm 3 ft 2+14 in England Betchworth Quarry Railways
985 mm 3 ft 2+2532 in Switzerland Zugerberg Funicular
991 mm3 ft 3 inUnited States Tampa Street Railway [82]
1,000 mm 3 ft 3+38 in See metre-gauge railway
1,009 mm 3 ft 3+2332 in Bulgaria Sofia Tramway
1,016 mm 3 ft 4 in Scotland Kilmarnock and Troon Railway
United States Coal Hill Coal Railroad, Keeling Coal Company, Pittsburgh and Castle Shannon Plane, Pittsburgh and Castle Shannon Railroad
1,029 mm 3 ft 4+12 in England Herne Bay Pier Railway
1,035 mm 3 ft 4+34 in England Lake Lock Rail Road
1,040 mm 3 ft 5 in Austria Festungsbahn (Salzburg)
1,050 mm 3 ft 5+1132 in Jordan Hejaz railway
Syria
Lebanon and SyriaFormer Beyrouth – Damascus Railway, in Lebanon mostly dismantled
Syria and
Saudi Arabia
Hejaz railway (Damascus–Medina)
1,055 mm3 ft 5+12 in Algeria National Company for Rail Transport
1,067 mm 3 ft 6 in See 3 ft 6 in gauge railways
1,093 mm 3 ft 7 in England Middlesbrough Corporation Tramways, Middlesbrough, Stockton and Thornaby Electric Tramways Company and Swinefleet Works
Sweden Köping–Uttersberg–Riddarhyttan Railway, 1864–1968. The gauge was by mistake.
USAInternational Bridge and Tramway Company (Laredo, Texas)
1,099 mm 3 ft 7+14 in Sweden Christinehamn–Sjöändans järnväg  [ sv ] [83] 44 Swedish inches [29]
1,100 mm 3 ft 7+516 in BrazilThe Santa Teresa Tramway in Rio de Janeiro
Germany Braunschweig tram system; tram systems in Kiel and Lübeck, closed
ItalyFormer SVIE (Società Varesina per Impresse Electriche) network around Varese, circa 1903–1955
1,106 mm3 ft 7+12 inAustriaHorse-drawn railway from Gmunden in the Salzkammergut to Budweis, now in the Czech Republic; coal railways Thomasroith–Attnang and Breitenschützing–Kohlgrube. 3 Austrian Fuß (ft) 6 Zoll (inch) [28]
1,118 mm3 ft 8 inUnited StatesBellaire Street Railroad Company, Gainesvllle Street Railway Company, Clinton and Lyons Horse Railway Company [82]
1,130 mm 3 ft 8+12 in England London Pneumatic Despatch Company
1,143 mm 3 ft 9 in England Lynton and Lynmouth Cliff Railway, Saltburn Cliff Lift (until 1921)
1,151 mm3 ft 9+516 inBelgiumUsed on line 59 between 1844 and 1897 when the line was privately operated. [84] [85] [86]
1,156 mm 3 ft 9+12 in United States Arcata and Mad River Railroad, Northern Redwood Lumber Company [87]
1,168 mm 3 ft 10 in United States El Conquistador Resort (Puerto Rico), Mechanicsburg and Buffalo Railway [82]
1,188 mm 3 ft 10+2532 in Sweden Engelsberg–Norberg Railway

Åtvidaberg - Bersbo Railway

Wessman - Barkens Railway

Indonesia Trams in Jakarta
1,200 mm 3 ft 11+14 in China Chaoyang Commuter Rail  [ zh ], Chaoyang District, Shantou, China
FranceFuniculars: Funiculaire du Perce-Neige in Tignes, and Funival at Val-d'Isère
ItalyFuniculars: Central Funicular of the Naples Metro, Gardena Ronda Express in Val Gherdëina (South Tyrol)
Switzerland Parsenn funicular at Davos, Rheineck–Walzenhausen mountain railway (part of St. Gallen S-Bahn), St. Moritz–Corviglia funicular (lower section only of 436 metres (1,430  ft ) route-length only upper section is 1,440 mm (4 ft 8+1116 in) gauge), Thunersee–Beatenberg funicular in Bern canton
1,217 mm3 ft 11+2932 inSwedenFour lines, all converted to standard gauge before 1900, still in use. 1217 mm is based on Swedish feet but compatible with locomotives of 1,219 mm ( 4 ft ). See:Narrow-gauge railways in Sweden
1,219 mm 4 ft England Furzebrook Railway (c.1830–1957), Redruth and Chasewater Railway 1826–1915,
Bradford Corporation Tramways, Keighley Tramway and a cluster in the NW of England
Isle of Man First Falcon Cliff lift (closed 1896), Port Soderick Cliff Lift, (closed 1939), Douglas Head Funicular Railway (closed 1953)
New Zealand Wellington tramway system: electric trams, closed 1964.
Scotland Falkirk and District Tramways (1905–1936), Glasgow Subway
United StatesFormer tram systems in Canton, Ohio; Honolulu, Hawaii; Laredo, Texas; Pueblo, Colorado; San Antonio, Texas; Sioux City, Iowa; [88] Canton and Massillon Electric Railway
Wales Padarn Railway (1842–1961), Saundersfoot Railway (1829–1939)
1,245 mm4 ft 1 inEngland Middleton Railway, converted to standard gauge after 1881
United States Hecla and Torch Lake Railroad, [89] Corrigan Consolidated Street Railway, Lawrence Transportation Company [82]
1,270 mm4 ft 2 inEngland Surrey Iron Railway
United StatesBrooklyn Heights Railway, St. Cloud Street Railway [82]
Wales Merthyr Tramroad, Rumney Railway
1,283 mm 4 ft 2+12 in England Saltburn Cliff Lift (from 1922)
United States Red Oak Street Railroad [82]
1,295 mm 4 ft 3 in United States Delaware and Hudson Canal Company Gravity Railroad, Delaware and Hudson Railway and Haytor Granite Tramway
1,300 mm 4 ft 3+316 in France Funiculars of Lyon (Lyon, France)
Austria Reisszug (Salzburg, Austria)
1,321 mm4 ft 4 inEngland Mansfield and Pinxton Railway
United StatesShreveport City Railroad [82]
Wales Monmouthshire Railway and Canal Company (Newport and Pontypool Railway)
1,333 mm4 ft 4+12 inEngland Belvoir Castle tramway [90]
United StatesHaverhlll and Groveland Street Railway [82]
1,350 mm4 ft 5+532 inBrazil Santos tramways (closed 1971) [91] and later Santos heritage tramways (1984–86 and 2000–present) [92]
1,372 mm 4 ft 6 in See 4 ft 6 in gauge railway
1,384 mm 4 ft 6+12 in Scotland various railways in Scotland prior to 1840
1,397 mm 4 ft 7 in United StatesNorth Hudson County Railway, [82] Detroit City Railway (until 1870) [93]
Wales Duffryn Llynvi and Porthcawl Railway [94]
1,416 mm 4 ft 7+34 in England Huddersfield Corporation Tramways
Scotland List of town tramway systems in Scotland
1,422 mm 4 ft 8 in United States Centreville Military Railroad; Green Mountain Cog Railway; Manassas Gap Railroad; Mount Washington Cog Railway
England prior to 1846 (proto standard gauge)
1,429 mm 4 ft 8+14 in United States Washington Metro

Standard gauge

Standard gauge is 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) gauge. It is the most widely-used gauge: about 60% of the world's railway mileage is standard gauge. [95]

Several railways use gauges very close to standard gauge, including:

GaugeCountry or RegionNotes
MetricImperial
1,432 mm4 ft 8+38 inHong Kong Disneyland Resort line, Island line (excluding West Island line), Kwun Tong line (excluding Kwun Tong line extension), Tseung Kwan O line, Tsuen Wan line, Tung Chung line [96]
Bucharest Bucharest Metro
1,440 mm4 ft 8+1116 inSwitzerland St. Moritz–Corviglia funicular (upper section of 1,616 metres or 5,302 feet route-length only lower section is 1,200 mm (3 ft 11+14 in) gauge)

Broad gauge

Five collocated track gauges Hypothetical concept for placement of rails to achieve five collocated track gauges.png
Five collocated track gauges
Broad-gauge and standard-gauge track at Didcot Broad gauge and standard gauge track at Didcot. (6613095905).jpg
Broad-gauge and standard-gauge track at Didcot
South Australian Railways triple-gauge change-over trackwork, from one common rail to NG in middle South Australian Railways triple-gauge change-over trackwork -- from one common rail to NG in middle.jpg
South Australian Railways triple-gauge change-over trackwork, from one common rail to NG in middle
GaugeCountry or RegionNotes
MetricImperial
 
1,445 mm4 ft 8+78 inItalyTramway networks in Milan, Turin and Rome; Orvieto Funicular; railway network until 1930.
Spain Madrid Metro
1,448 mm4 ft 9 inEngland Manchester and Leeds Railway
United States Danville, Hazleton and Wilkes-Barre Railroad, Strasburg Rail Road (converted to standard gauge).[ citation needed ]
1,460 mm4 ft 9+12 inUnited StatesCitizens' Railroad Company (St. Louis, Missouri), Cass Avenue & Fair Ground Railway [82]
1,450 mm4 ft 9+332 inGermany Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe AG, Trams in Dresden
1,458 mm4 ft 9+1332 inGermany Trams in Leipzig
1,473 mm4 ft 10 inUnited States The Midwest, until after the Civil War (Ohio gauge)
1,486 mm4 ft 10+12 inUnited States St. Louis Cable and Western Railway [82]
1,492 mm4 ft 10+34 inCanada Toronto Suburban Railway [97] from 1891–1917. 4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) until the end at 1931
1,495 mm4 ft 10+78 inCanada Toronto gauge: Halton County Radial Railway, Toronto streetcar system, and Toronto subway (Lines 1, 2, and 4) [97]
1,499 mm4 ft 11 inUnited States New Albany Railway [82]
1,520 mm4 ft 11+2732 inFormer USSRAlso named Russian gauge.
See 5 ft and 1520 mm gauge railways & Confederate railroads in the American Civil War.
1,522 mm4 ft 11+2932 inFinland Helsinki Metro [98]
1,524 mm5 ftFinlandIn 1862 the first railway connection in Grand Duchy of Finland were built with five-foot railway gauge, [99] however that gauge was first introduced in United Kingdom. [100]
1,537 mm5 ft 12 inEngland London and Blackwall Railway 1840–1849, converted to standard gauge
1,549 mm5 ft 1 inUnited StatesHorsecar lines in Camden, New Jersey; [82] Lynchburg Street Railway Company (Virginia) [82]
1,575 mm5 ft 2 inSpain Ferrocarril de Langreo
United States Columbus Ohio streetcars [101] [88]
1,581 mm5 ft 2+14 inUnited States Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (SEPTA), [88] Philadelphia
1,588 mm5 ft 2+12 inUnited States Pennsylvania trolley gauge [88]
1,591 mm5 ft 2 58 inUnited States New Orleans City and Lake Railroad, St. Charles Street Railroad [82]
1,600 mm5 ft 3 inGermany Grand Duchy of Baden State Railway 1840-1854, converted to standard gauge
IrelandSee 5 ft 3 in gauge railways.
AustraliaStates of Victoria and South Australia
BrazilStates of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas Gerais
United StatesStreetcars in Altoona, Pennsylvania [82]
1,613 mm5 ft 3+12 inUnited States Sacramento Valley Railroad (1852–77)
1,620 mm5 ft 3 2532 inSouth Korea U Line
1,626 mm5 ft 4 inUnited StatesEarly railrooads in Ohio [28]
1,638 mm5 ft 4+12 inUnited States Baltimore, Baltimore Streetcar System (defunct) [102] [88] and Baltimore Streetcar Museum (operating)
1,664 mm5 ft 5+12 inPortugal 5 Portuguese feet
Converted to 1,668 mm from 1955 [103]
1,668 mm5 ft 5+2132 inSee Iberian gauge.
1,672 mm5 ft 5+1316 in
Spain 6 Castilian feet
Spanish national rail network Converted to 1,668 mm (5 ft 5+2132 in) Iberian gauge from 1955; [103] The current Barcelona metro line 1 and Cercanías Málaga.
1,676 mm5 ft 6 inIndiaSee 5 ft 6 in gauge railway.
United States Bay Area Rapid Transit (excluding eBART and OAK Airport line); Some lines in New England were built to this gauge including Androscoggin (until 1861), Maine Central (until 1871), Vermont Central (until 1870s), Grand Trunk (until 1877), Buckfield Branch / Portland & Oxford Central (until 1878), European & North American (until 1877), and Bangor & Piscataquis (until 1877).
1,700 mm5 ft 7 in [ citation needed ]South Korea Busan Metro Line 4, Sillim Line
1,727 mm5 ft 8 inEngland Babbacombe Cliff Railway and Fisherman's Walk Cliff Railway
United StatesCentral City Horse Railway (Peoria, Illinois) [82]
1,740 mm5 ft 8 12 inUnited States Gualala River Railroad [104]
1,750 mm5 ft 8+78 inFrance Ligne de Sceaux Paris to Limours via Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, until 1891
1,800 mm5 ft 10+78 inGermany Oberweißbacher Bergbahn (funicular section only) [105] [106]
United States Hogwarts Express (located in Universal Orlando Resort)
1,829 mm6 ftIndiaIn the 19th century, engineers considered this gauge but finally settled on 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm)
RussiaSaint Petersburg  Tsarskoe Selo Railways, 1837–1897
United States Albany and Susquehanna Railroad, Erie Railroad until June 22, 1880, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad March–May 1876, Predominant gauge used by railroads along southern tier of New York State that connected to the pioneering Erie Railroad. Most lines converted to standard gauge 1876–1880, along with the Erie.
1,850 mm6 ft 2732 inCanada Falls Incline Railway [107] in the city of Niagara Falls, Ontario
1,880 mm6 ft 2 inIreland Ulster Railway, 1839–1846, re-gauged to 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm)
Taiwan Taipei Metro medium-capacity rubber-tired trains (with 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) rails)
Japan SCMaglev train depots for Chuo Shinkansen.
1,945 mm6 ft 4+916 inNetherlands Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij, 1839–1866 [102] De Arend (locomotive)
1,980 mm / 1,981 mm6 ft 6 in Israel Haifa, Carmelit subway railway line   Funicular
England North Cliff Lift, Scarborough
2,000 mm6 ft 6+34 inScotland Cairngorm Mountain Railway   Funicular
2,134 mm7 ftEnglandOriginal definition of Brunel's broad gauge. This rail gauge was soon changed to 7 ft 14 in (2,140 mm) [108] to ease running in curves.
2,140 mm7 ft 14 inSouth Africa East London and Table Bay harbour railways
England Brunel's Great Western Railway until converted to standard gauge by May 1892,
See Great Western Railway The "gauge war". Also, harbour railways at the Isle of Portland and Brixham
Isle of Man Port Erin Breakwater Railway
Portugal (Azores) Ponta Delgada and Horta harbour (using rolling stock from Holyhead harbour)
Wales Holyhead harbour railway
2,286 mm7 ft 6 inEngland St Nicholas Cliff Lift, Scarborough
2,440 mm8 ftUnited States Johnstown Inclined Plane, Johnstown, Pennsylvania
2,642 mm8 ft 8 inChina Guangzhou Metro APM Line (uses the Bombardier Innovia APM 100)
2,743 mm9 ftJapan Lake Biwa Canal, an inclined plane near Kyoto
United States Knoxville Incline, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
3,000 mm9 ft 10+18 in Nazi Germany See Breitspurbahn.
3,048 mm10 ftUnited States Fort Pitt Incline, Penn Incline, Monongahela Freight Incline and Castle Shannon Incline, Pittsburgh [109]
3,327 mm10 ft 11 inScotland Dalzell Iron and Steel Works, Motherwell, Lanarkshire. [110]
5,486 mm18 ftEngland Magnus Volk's Brighton and Rottingdean Seashore Electric Railway [111]
8,200 mm26 ft 10+2732 in Austria Lärchwandschrägaufzug [112]
9,000 mm29 ft 6+516 inRussia Krasnoyarsk ship lift [113]

See also

References

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