Taipei Metro

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Taipei Metro
Taipei Metro Logo(Logo Only).svg
TRTC381 in Beitou Station.JPG
Bombardier INNOVIA APM 256 approaching Daan Station 20210418.jpg
Top: Heavy-capacity Taipei Metro train Bottom: Medium-capacity Taipei Metro Train
Overview
Native name臺北捷運 [upper-roman 1]
Owner Taipei City Government
Locale Taipei and New Taipei
Transit type Rapid transit
Rubber-tyred metro (Wenhu line)
Number of lines5 [lower-alpha 1] [1]
Number of stations117 [lower-alpha 2]
Daily ridership1.98 million (2023)
Annual ridership918,360 million (2023) Increase2.svg 60.58% [2]
Chief executiveBC Yen
Headquarters7 Lane 48 Sec 2 Zhongshan N Rd, Zhongshan District, Taipei
Website www.metro.taipei
Operation
Began operation28 March 1996
Operator(s)Taipei Rapid Transit Corporation
CharacterGrade-separated
Number of vehicles849 cars (217.5 trains [lower-alpha 3] )
Train length3–6 carriages [lower-alpha 4]
Headway 5 min 28 s [lower-alpha 5]
Technical
System length152.9 km (95.0 mi) [1]
No. of tracks2
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge [lower-alpha 6]
Minimum radius of curvature 200 metres (656 ft) [lower-alpha 7]
Electrification 750 V DC   third rail
Average speed31.50 kilometres per hour (20 mph) [lower-alpha 8]
Top speed80 kilometres per hour (50 mph) [lower-alpha 9]
Taipei Metro
Traditional Chinese 臺北捷運
Simplified Chinese 台北捷运
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin Táiběi Jiéyùn
Bopomofo ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄐ一ㄝˊ ㄩㄣˋ
Wade–Giles T'ai2-pei3 Chieh2-yün4
Tongyong Pinyin Táiběi Jiéyùn
Hakka
Romanization Thòi-pet Chia̍p-yun
Southern Min
Tâi-lô Tâi-pak Tsia̍t-ūn
  • Sets 301–338, 401–466: 6-car train in DM–T–M+M–T–DM configuration as two 3-car sets
  • Sets 397–399: 3-car train in DM–T–DM configuration as one 3-car set
C381 Tai Bei Jie Yun  (16121252479).jpg 2010–2013Kawasaki, TRSC141.42144501–548 Taipei Metro Line R.svg Taipei Metro Line G.svg Beitou, [lower-alpha 19] Xindian [lower-alpha 20] 6-car train in DM–T–M+M–T–DM configuration as two 3-car sets

Engineering trains

Taipei Metro also uses a fleet of specialised trains for maintenance of way purposes: [67]

Car TypePurposeBuilderMax. speed (km/h)Length (m)Lines used on
Barclay locomotiveTraction for maintenance rolling stock Hunslet-Barclay 3513.5 Taipei Metro Line R.svg Taipei Metro Line Xinbeitou Branch.svg
Taipei Metro Line G.svg Taipei Metro Line Xiaobitan Branch.svg
Taipei Metro Line O.svg
Taipei Metro Line BL.svg
Tamping machine Track ballast tamping Plasser & Theurer 0.2529.2
Railgrinder Restore the profile and remove irregularities from worn tracks Speno, Harsco [68] 2–733
Rail inspection vehicleMeasure and record rail track-related dataPlasser & Theurer3012.5
Ultrasonic rail testing vehicleDetects internal cracks within rail tracks using ultrasound Speno258.4
High pressure cleaning carCleaning of rail tracks and third rail China Steel Corporation 2–726
Water storage and power carProvides water source and propulsion for high pressure cleaning car26
Vacuum cleaning vehicleRemove tunnel sludge19
Flash welding vehicle Rail welding Plasser & Theurer16.24
Rail crane wagonLifting heavy spare partsChina Steel Corporation4511.2/11.4/16.4/18.7
Flat wagon Carry spare parts18.7
Open wagon Carry ballast China Steel Corporation19.8
Water tankerStore water used for cleaning purposes2–7
Maintenance locomotiveMaintenance of wayNicolas Taipei Metro Line BR.svg

Depots

The system currently has 9 depots, with more under construction. [69]

Depot NameYear OpenedLocationRolling Stock HousedLine(s) Served
Muzha  [ zh ]1996 Wenshan, northeast of Taipei Zoo VAL256, BT370 Taipei Metro Line BR.svg
Beitou  [ zh ]1997 Beitou, southwest of Fuxinggang C301, C371 (single), C381 Taipei Metro Line R.svg Taipei Metro Line Xinbeitou Branch.svg
Zhonghe  [ zh ]1998 Zhonghe, east of Nanshijiao C371 Taipei Metro Line O.svg
Xindian  [ zh ]1999 Xindian, northwest of Xiaobitan C371, C381 Taipei Metro Line G.svg Taipei Metro Line Xiaobitan Branch.svg
Nangang  [ zh ]2000 Nangang, southeast of Kunyang C321, C341 Taipei Metro Line BL.svg
Tucheng  [ zh ]2006 Tucheng, southwest of Far Eastern Hospital
Neihu  [ zh ]2009 Nangang, northeast of Taipei Nangang Exhibition Center VAL256, BT370 Taipei Metro Line BR.svg
Luzhou  [ zh ]2010 Luzhou, northwest of Luzhou C371 Taipei Metro Line O.svg
Xinzhuang  [ zh ]2021 [70] Xinzhuang, north of Huilong C371 Taipei Metro Line O.svg

Reception

Rapid Transit Ridership
YearMillions of Journeys±% p.a.
2012602.2    
2013635+5.45%
2014679.5+7.01%
2015717.5+5.59%
2016740+3.14%
2017746.1+0.82%
2018765.5+2.60%
2019789.6+3.15%
2020695.7−11.89%
2021531.1−23.66%
Source: [71]
Inside a Taipei Metro train during rush hour Taipei MRT Train full.jpg
Inside a Taipei Metro train during rush hour

Taipei Metro is one of the most expensive rapid transit systems ever constructed, [72] with phase one of the system costing US$18 billion [12] and phase two estimated to have cost US$13.8 billion.

Despite earlier controversy, by the time the first phase of construction was completed in 2000, it was generally agreed that the metro project was a success, and it has since become an essential part of life in Taipei. The system has been effective in reducing traffic congestion in the city and has spurred the revival of satellite towns (like Tamsui) and development of new areas (like Nangang). [8] [73] The system has also helped to increase average vehicle speed for routes running from New Taipei into Taipei. [74] Property prices along metro routes (both new and existing) tend to increase with the opening of more lines. [75] [76]

Since the Taipei Metro joined the Nova International Railway Benchmarking Group and the Community of Metros (Nova/CoMET) in 2002, it has started collecting and analysing data of the 33 Key Performance Indicators set by Nova/CoMET in order to compare them with those of other metro systems around the world, as a reference to improve its operation. Taipei Metro also has gained keys to success from case studies on different subjects such as safety, reliability, and incidents, and from the operational experiences of other metro systems. [77]

According to a study conducted by the Railway Technology Strategy Center at Imperial College London, [78] and data gathered by Nova/CoMET, the Taipei Metro has ranked number 1 in the world for four consecutive years in terms of reliability, safety, and quality standards (2004–2007). [51] The most congested route sections handle over 38,000 commuters per hour during peak times. [79]

On New Year's Eve 2009 and New Year's Day 2010, the Metro system transported 2.17 million passengers in 42 consecutive hours. On 22 April 2010 after 14 years of service, the system achieved the milestone of 4 billion cumulative riders. [80] On 29 December 2010, the system passed the benchmark of 500 million annual passengers for the first time. [81] The record for single day ridership hit 2.5 million passengers during the New Year's Eve celebrations on 31 December 2010. [82] [83] Following opening of the Xinyi section of Tamsui–Xinyi line, the system reached another record of 2.75 million passengers on 31 December 2013. [84]

In May 2016, the Singapore Transport Minister, Khaw Boon Wan, said that his country's rail operators, SBS Transit and SMRT, should emulate the example of Taipei Metro. Speaking at a rail engineering forum, he cited the Taipei Metro's timely maintenance and replacement of assets, as well as its fast response to rail network problems. Khaw said the Singapore Land Transport Authority (LTA) is working with the TRTC to attach staff from SBS and SMRT to its metro workshops, so they can learn from its asset maintenance practices and engineering improvements. [85] [86] [87]

Future expansions

Taipei Rail Map showing current lines, lines under construction, and planned lines. Other rail systems are also shown. TPERMEN.svg
Taipei Rail Map showing current lines, lines under construction, and planned lines. Other rail systems are also shown.

Several lines are planned to be added to the network. [88] [89] [90] [91]

Wanda–Zhonghe–Shulin line (Light Green line)

Wanda–Zhonghe–Shulin is a metro line under construction. Phase 1 will run from CKS Memorial Hall to Juguang, Zhonghe, New Taipei. Phase 1 is expected to be completed in 2025.

Phase 2 will connect Zhonghe Senior High School, the previous station of Juguang, to Huilong, making the part between Zhonghe Senior High School and Juguang a branch line. The entire line is expected to be fully completed around late 2028. [92]

Minsheng–Xizhi line (Sky Blue line)

Minsheng–Xizhi is a planned metro line. As of February 2011, New Taipei has been pursuing the construction of the 17.52-km Minsheng–Xizhi line, though the most recent plan was rejected by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, citing the need for further evidence for the line's viability. [93] The city plans to re-submit the proposal, and the project is estimated to cost NT$42.2 billion (US$1.44 billion). [93] A possible 4.25-km extension of the line to connect with the planned Keelung light rail is also being considered. [94] The line is planned to be built partially underground and partially elevated. It will begin from Dadaocheng Harbour beneath Minsheng West Road in Taipei, run along Minsheng East and West Roads, pass through Minsheng Community and journey under the Keelung River towards the Neihu District. The line will then change to an elevated mode and reach its termini at Xintai 5th Road in Xizhi District, New Taipei City. As of May 2018, the proposal for this line has been submitted to the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, but has yet to be approved. [95]

Network map

Taipei Metro

Safety and security

2001 typhoon flooding

On 17 September 2001, Typhoon Nari flooded all underground tracks as well as 16 stations, the heavy-capacity system operation control center, the administration building, and the Nangang Depot. [96] The elevated Wenhu line was not seriously affected and resumed operations the next day. However, the heavy-capacity lines were not restored to full operational status until three months later. [8]

2014 stabbing attack

On 21 May 2014, 28 people were stabbed in a mass stabbing by a knife-wielding college student on the Bannan line. [97] The attack occurred on a train near Jiangzicui, resulting in 4 deaths and 24 injured. [98] It was the first fatal attack on the metro system since it began operations in 1996. The suspect was 21-year-old Cheng Chieh (鄭捷), a university student at Tunghai University, who was arrested at Jiangzicui immediately after the incident. [99] On 6 March 2015, Cheng Chieh was found guilty on multiple counts of murder and attempted murder, and was sentenced to death. He was subsequently executed on 10 May 2016. [100]

Controversies

In early 2021, it was discovered that a pornographic film production company had created a series of sets which copied the design of MRT trains and stations. This caused a brief stir when it was first released as many were concerned that the films had been shot on actual MRT trains and stations. Nevertheless, it was still condemned by Taipei MRT for imitating its train carriages. [101]

On 30 December 2021, Taipei MRT rejected an Amnesty International advertisement which featured detained human rights activist Lee Ming-che. [102]

See also

Notes

    1. Not including the Circular line, operated by New Taipei Metro, nor branch lines.
    2. [1] The number of stations is 131 if the 12 interchange stations (i.e. different sets of platforms) are counted multiple times, once for each line, while it is 119 if they are combined. Out-of-station transfers at Banqiao and XinpuXinpu Minsheng, which require leaving paid area, are counted as 2 stations each; transfer stations that provide cross-platform interchange are anyway counted as a single stations.
    3. Medium-capacity trains consist of 4 carriages, while heavy-capacity trains consist of 3 or 6.
    4. Circular and Wenhu lines: 4; Xiaobitan and Xinbeitou branches: 3
      • Wenhu line
        • Minimum 1:20
        • Peak average 2:09
        • Off-peak average 4:10
      • Other lines
        • Minimum 2:00
        • Peak average 4:01
        • Off-peak average 5:28
      [2]
    5. Wenhu line: 1,880 mm (6 ft 2 in) broad gauge
    6. Wenhu line: 33 metres (108 ft)
    7. Wenhu line: 32.84 kilometres per hour (20 mph)
    8. Wenhu line: 70 kilometres per hour (43 mph)
    9. 1 2 3 4 Combined frequency
    10. 1 2 Combined: 3 mins
    11. 1 2 Combined: 4–5 mins
    12. Design/Service
    13. Originally 117/118, number change due to 2014 Taipei Metro attack
    14. Second batch only
    15. 301–338, 397, 398
    16. 401–466
    17. 399
    18. 501–530
    19. 531–548

    Words in native languages

    1. 1 2

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