Bangkok Mass Rapid Transit System | |
---|---|
| |
Overview | |
Owner | BMA MRTA SRT |
Locale | Bangkok Metropolitan Region |
Transit type | Commuter rail • SRT • SRT Airport rail link • ARL Rapid transit • BTS • BTS • MRT • MRT • MRT (under construction) Light rail • Silver Line (planned) Monorail • MRT • MRT (planned) • MRT • MRL (planned) • MRL (planned) People Mover • MRL |
Number of lines | 10 lines (out of 15 total planned) |
Number of stations | 190 out of planned 310 |
Daily ridership | 1.68 million [1] |
Operation | |
Began operation | 5 December 1999 |
Operator(s) | S.R.T. Electrified Train • SRT • SRT Asia Era One • ARL Bangkok Mass Transit System • BTS • BTS • MRT • MRT • MRL Bangkok Expressway and Metro • MRT • MRT • MRT |
Technical | |
System length | 261.88 km (163 mi) |
Track gauge | MRT, BTS and Airport Rail Link: 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge SRT Red Lines: 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge |
Electrification | MRT and BTS: 750 V DC third rail ARL and SRT: 25 kV 50 Hz AC overhead catenary |
Top speed | MRT and BTS: 80 km/h (50 mph) ARL and SRT: 160 km/h (99 mph) |
The Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, or M-Map, is the latest version in a series of Thai government plans for the development of an urban rail transit network serving the Greater Bangkok area. It was drafted under the care of the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) of the Ministry of Transport.
Year | Date | Line | Event | Length (km) | Station |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1999 | 5 December | Sukhumvit Line | Mo Chit - On Nut section opened | 15.9 km (9.9 mi) | 17 |
Silom Line | National Stadium - Saphan Taksin section opened | 6.24 km (3.88 mi) | 7 | ||
2004 | 3 July | Blue Line | Bang Sue - Hua Lamphong section opened | 19.95 km (12.40 mi) | 18 |
2009 | 15 May | Silom Line | Saphan Taksin - Wongwian Yai section opened | 2.08 km (1.29 mi) | 2 |
2010 | 23 August | Airport Rail Link | Phaya Thai - Suvarnabhumi section opened | 28.17 km (17.50 mi) | 8 |
2011 | 12 August | Sukhumvit Line | On Nut - Bearing section opened | 5.34 km (3.32 mi) | 5 |
2013 | 12 January | Silom Line | Wongwian Yai - Pho Nimit section opened | 1.02 km (0.63 mi) | 1 |
14 February | Pho Nimit - Talat Phlu section opened | 1.16 km (0.72 mi) | 1 | ||
5 December | Talat Phlu - Bang Wa section opened | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | 2 | ||
2016 | 6 August | Purple Line | Khlong Bang Phai - Tao Poon section opened | 20.92 km (13.00 mi) | 16 |
2017 | 3 April | Sukhumvit Line | Bearing - Samrong section opened | 1.78 km (1.11 mi) | 1 |
11 August | Blue Line | Bang Sue - Tao Poon section opened | 1.18 km (0.73 mi) | 1 | |
2018 | 6 December | Sukhumvit Line | Samrong - Kheha section opened | 9.95 km (6.18 mi) | 8 |
2019 | 29 July | Blue Line | Hua Lamphong - Tha Phra section opened | 6.16 km (3.83 mi) | 5 |
9 August | Sukhumvit Line | Mo Chit - Ha Yaek Lat Phrao section opened | 1.81 km (1.12 mi) | 1 | |
24 August | Blue Line | Tha Phra - Bang Wa section opened | 2.12 km (1.32 mi) | 2 | |
21 September | Bang Wa - Lak Song section opened | 5.3 km (3.3 mi) | 4 | ||
4 December | Tao Poon - Sirindhorn section opened | 5.16 km (3.21 mi) | 4 | ||
Sukhumvit Line | Ha Yaek Lat Phrao - Kasetsart University section opened | 3.29 km (2.04 mi) | 4 | ||
23 December | Blue Line | Sirindhorn - Tha Phra section opened | 7.04 km (4.37 mi) | 4 | |
2020 | 5 June | Sukhumvit Line | Kasetsart University - Wat Phra Si Mahathat section opened | 4.24 km (2.63 mi) | 4 |
16 December | Wat Phra Si Mahathat - Khu Khot section opened | 8.86 km (5.51 mi) | 7 | ||
2021 | 16 January | Gold Line | Krung Thon Buri - Khlong San section opened | 1.67 km (1.04 mi) | 3 |
8 February | Silom Line | Saint Louis station opened | - | 1 | |
29 November | Dark Red Line | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal - Rangsit section opened | 22.5 km (14.0 mi) | 10 | |
Light Red Line | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal - Taling Chan section opened | 14.93 km (9.28 mi) | 4 | ||
2023 | 3 July | Yellow Line | Lat Phrao - Samrong section opened | 28.62 km (17.78 mi) | 23 |
2024 | 7 January | Pink Line | Nonthaburi Civic Centre - Min Buri section opened | 33.9 km (21.1 mi) | 30 |
Under construction | |||||
2025 | TBA | Pink Line | Muang Thong Thani - Lake Muang Thong Thani section opened | 2.67 km (1.66 mi) | 2 |
2027 | Purple Line | Tao Poon - Khru Nai section opened | 22.78 km (14.15 mi) | 17 | |
2028 | Orange Line | Thailand Cultural Centre - Yaek Rom Klao section opened | 21.04 km (13.07 mi) | 17 | |
2030 | Bang Khun Non - Thailand Cultural Centre section opened | 13.2 km (8.2 mi) | 11 |
Lavalin Skytrain Project is the earliest mass rapid transit plan of Bangkok to solve the traffic congestion in Bangkok during 1970s. The project feasibility study was conducted by Thai Government with the association from West Germany Government in 1971 which led to establishment of Expressway Authority of Thailand under Clause 39 of the Announcement of the Revolutionary Council Decree 290 dated 27 November 1972 (B.E.2515) to responsible for planning and construction of expressway and mass rapid transit projects.
In 1979, the master plan compiled by Japanese advisers would have consisted of the First Stage Urban Mass Transit Lines such as the first line known as the Rama IV line, a 25-km route between Phrakhanong and Mo Chit, while the second line, the Sathon line, a 20-km route would connect Wongwian Yai and Lad Phrao, and the third line, the Memorial Line, a 16-km route that connects Dao Khanong and Makkasan, and the expected numbers of passengers were expected to be 200,000 passengers a day in 1990. [2] The rolling stock would have utilized six heavy rail cars running at 15 minutes per train for non-rush hour and four minutes during rush hour, compared with current trains running at 6–8 minutes per train during non-rush hour and 3–5 minutes per train during rush hour, using three heavy rail cars. [2] The project was meant to have a cost of $1100 million. [3]
The finalised version of the project consisted of three light rail transit lines which are Sathorn Line, Rama IV Line, and Saphan Phut Line, with the depot located in Huai Khwang district (current location of Phra Ram 9 depot of MRT Blue Line). The project was expected to begin in 1981 and be completed in 1986. However, due to the 1979 oil crisis, Lavalin Skytrain project was shelved as the estimated costs were doubled.
The project was revised under the government of General Prem Tinsulanonda in 1984 and entered the bidding process with three participating companies being Asia-Euro Consortium (comprising AEG, Siemens, MAN, and Ateliers de Constructions Electriques de Charleroi), [4] SNC-Lavalin, and Franco-Japanese Consortium. The project was awarded to SNC-Lavalin, and the contracts for a 30-year operating concession and construction were signed in May 1990 at Queen Sirikit National Convention Centre.
However, after two years of construction, In June 1992, The project was terminated by the government of Anand Panyarachun . The government stated that SNC-Lavalin failed to sign a shareholders agreement by a specified and the Thai government refused requests for overseas loan and investment guarantees. [5] Outside of Thailand, numerous international media sources suggested politics played in its demise.
Today, There are two remainings from the construction of Lavalin Skytrain project: the abandoned viaduct in the middle of Phra Pok Klao Bridge (now converted into Chao Phraya Skypark), [6] and a reserved space in the middle of Sathorn Bridge (currently used by Silom Line).
The concept of developing a master plan began in 1972 when the Thai government sought cooperation from the German government to jointly develop a mass transit network. Subsequently, the Cabinet passed a resolution approving the continuous study, promotion, and support for the creation of the master plan starting from 1994. The sequences of the master plan are as follows:
The first version of the plan, endorsed by the Cabinet on 27 September 1994 and to be implemented from 1995 to 2011, consisted of an extension of 135 kilometres (84 mi) to the three systems already in progress ( MRT , BTS , BTS and the BERTS), which would have had a combined length of 135 kilometres (84 mi) [7] The plan was divided into two phases as follows:
Later, in 1996, the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) revised this master plan and renamed it the Comprehensive Transport Master Plan (CTMP), which included an additional 178.9 kilometres (111.2 mi) of routes. This revised master plan included monorail and light rapid transit lines to enhance Bangkok into a rail transportation metropolis. The plan consisted of 11 railway projects with a combined length of 206 kilometres (128 mi), as follows;
Line Name | Section | Route | Length (km) | Replacement |
---|---|---|---|---|
Rapid Transit | ||||
BERTS | R-1 | Yommarat - Bangkok Noi - Taling Chan | 14.3 km (8.9 mi) | MRT (Yommarat - Taling Chan) |
R-2 | Hua Lamphong - Wongwian Yai - Pho Nimit | 16.9 km (10.5 mi) | SRT (Hua Lamphong - Eastern Outer Ring Road) | |
Pho Nimit - Eastern Outer Ring Road | ||||
R-3 | Hua Mak - Suvarnabhumi Airport North Terminal | 13.6 km (8.5 mi) | ARL | |
BTS Skytrain | G-1 | On Nut - Suvarnabhumi Airport South Terminal | 21.4 km (13.3 mi) | Silver Line Reserved structure can be seen between Udom Suk and Bang Na stations. |
G-2 | Mo Chit - Ratchayothin | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) | ||
G-3 | Saphan Taksin - Wongwian Yai | 2.7 km (1.7 mi) | ||
G-4 | Bang Na - Samrong | 5.9 km (3.7 mi) | ||
Blue Line | B-1 | Bang Sue - Phra Nangklao Bridge | 11 km (6.8 mi) | MRT (Phra Nangklao Bridge - Tao Poon) |
B-2 | Hua Lamphong - Bangkok Yai - Bang Khae | 13 km (8.1 mi) | ||
Orange Line | ON | Bang Kapi - Phan Fa | 20.9 km (13.0 mi) | |
OS | Phan Fa - Rat Burana - Samrong Tai | 22.8 km (14.2 mi) | MRT (Democracy Monument - Kru Nai) | |
OE | Bang Kapi - Min Buri | 11.8 km (7.3 mi) | ||
Purple Line | PN | Tao Poon - Pak Kret | 16 km (9.9 mi) | |
PS | Tao Poon - Sam Sen | 5.2 km (3.2 mi) | ||
Feeder Lines | ||||
Bang Bua Thong - Taling Chan | N/A | MRT (Khlong Bang Phai - Sam Yaek Bang Yai) | ||
Sam Yaek Bang Yai - Phra Nangklao Bridge | MRT (Sam Yaek Bang Yai - Phra Nangklao Bridge) | |||
Rama VII Bridge - Dao Khanong | MRT (Bang O - Tha Phra) MRL (Tha Phra - Talat Phlu) | |||
Rat Burana - Phutthabucha | ||||
Rat Burana - Bang Mod | ||||
Hua Lamphong - Rama III Loop | MRL (Rama III Bridge - Chong Nonsi) | |||
Samrong - Si Samrong | ||||
Ratchayothin -Si Iam | MRT (Lat Phrao - Si Iam) | |||
Ramkhamhaeng - On Nut | ||||
Pak Kret - Min Buri | MRT ( Yaek Pakkret - Min Buri) | |||
On Nut - Pattanakarn | ||||
Ratchayothin - Min Buri | ||||
Lam Luk Ka - Pracha Uthit | BTS (Khu Khot - Eastern Ring Road-Lam Luk Ka) | |||
Vatcharaphol - Pracha Uthit | MRL (Watcharaphol - Pracha Uthit) | |||
Nuan Chan - Bang Kapi | MRT (Nuan Chan - Yaek Lam Sali) |
Following the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis and the cancellation of the BERTS, in 1998, the Cabinet passed a resolution stating that the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) should conduct a feasibility study for a new master plan to replace the CTMP due to the development not progressing as planned and because Thailand was in the process of recovering from the economic crisis. The main objective of this new master plan is to emphasis the distribution of urban growth from the city centre to suburban areas, promoting more decentralised urban development along major roads.
The new master plan has been adapted with several projects modifying routes from the CTMP, emphasising distribution to various areas as follows:
This master plan is a conversion of the URMAP master plan into practical implementation based on government policies, which stipulate that projects in the previous master plan must be completed within 6 years (2004 – 2009). This period coincides with the recovery of the economy from the crisis in 1997. The master plan outlines a mass transit network in areas anticipated to experience continuous and increasing land use in the future. It specifies the construction of one railway station every 2 kilometres in the city areas and every 1 to 1.5 kilometres in suburban areas, aiming for the rapid transit project to be a guiding initiative for future urban development.
This master plan consists of 7 rapid transit lines with an additional 291.2 kilometres (180.9 mi) added to the existing 43.7 kilometres (27.2 mi). These lines are categorised into three groups as follows;
In 2006, the Cabinet revised the previous BMT master plan with the aim of expanding coverage to more areas in Bangkok. Three routes were added to this master plan, as follows:
In 2008, the government revised the master plan for the rapid transit network once again, focusing on urban expansion and increasing transit routes in suburban areas, taking into account the growing urbanisation projected for the future. This revision resulted in a total of 9 lines with a combined length of 311 kilometres (193 mi). The revised routes are as follows:
In 2009, the government revised the M-Map, this time considering urban expansion and the distribution of development to suburban areas, guided by the rapid transit projects. This revised M-Map includes the study of a total of 12 transit lines, with a combined length of 509 kilometres (316 mi) , consisting of 8 main lines and 4 feeder lines, as follows: [8]
Line Name | Route | Notes |
---|---|---|
Main Line | ||
Dark Red Line | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) - Mahachai | |
Light Red Line | Salaya - Hua Mak | Extended from Taling Chan to Salaya. |
Taling Chan - Makkasan | ||
Airport Rail Link | Don Mueang - Suvarnabhumi Airport | |
Light Green Line | Eastern Ring Road-Lam Luk Ka - Bang Pu | |
Dark Green Line | Yot Se - Bang Wa | |
Blue Line | Phutthamonthon - Hua Lamphong - Bang Sue - Tha Phra | |
Purple Line | Bang Yai - Rat Burana | |
Orange Line | Taling Chan - Min Buri | The line was altered from Bang Bamru to Taling Chan, passing through Pratunam, and the Brown Line (Bang Kapi - Min Buri) has been merged. |
Feeder Line | ||
Pink Line | Khae Rai - Min Buri | |
Yellow Line | Lat Phrao - Samrong | The line was downgraded from the Outer Circle Line, with the northwestern and southwestern sections being removed from the master plan. |
Grey Line | Vatcharaphol - Rama IX Bridge | This line was formed by the Wacharaphol to Pracha Uthit Line from the CTMP master plan to terminate at Rama IX Bridge. |
Light Blue Line | Din Daeng - Sathorn | This line was designed to support the opening of the new Bangkok Metropolitan Administration building and to enhance connectivity in the Sathorn district. |
This master plan has been implemented for the development of actual projects since 2011. Currently, over 70% of the plan has been completed. However, with the unsuitability of certain routes, the master plan has been revised. This revision includes cancellations, modifications, and suspensions of 5 routes as follows
As a result, the rapid transit network in Bangkok and its surrounding areas now consists of 10 lines.
To accommodate the expansion of the city into the suburban areas, in March 2017, the Cabinet assigned the Ministry of Transport and the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) to study an additional 10 transit lines. These lines were to be included in the M-Map Phase 2. The study was to be conducted in collaboration with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) [9] [10] to plan and support the necessary budget for investment, should there be a need to secure foreign loans for the project.
The second phase of the M-Map 2 focuses on developing feeder lines to support urban expansion and feed passengers into Bangkok's main transit routes, which include the BTS , BTS , MRT , MRT , SRT , SRT , and ARL . Initially, the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning (OTP) considered incorporating routes that had not yet been implemented, were under study, were outside the master plan, or had been canceled from the previous master plan. Four pilot routes were identified. Additionally, the Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (MRTA) proposed 8 new lines to be included in the master plan, resulting in a total of 11 initial routes.
Subsequently, the OTP, in collaboration with the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), revealed the details of the draft master plan for the M-Map 2, which was approved by JICA. This draft included 5 new lines totaling 131 kilometres (81 mi), both as extensions of existing lines and as new lines. However, due to changing circumstances, the Department of Rail Transport (the current status of the OTP) reconsidered the entire M-Map 2. They proposed a new long-term plan (Project Long List) consisting of 29 lines, which will be submitted to the Cabinet for approval as the actual master plan in the future.
On July 25, 2023, the Department of Rail Transport officially announced the draft of the M-Map 2. This new master plan will be submitted to the Cabinet for official approval in 2024, with the goal of expediting the commencement of all projects within 20 years, by 2042. The master plan is divided into three main categories as follows [11]
Line Name | Route | Notes |
---|---|---|
Group 1 : Extensions for the existing line | ||
Light Green Line | Khu Khot to Eastern Ring Road-Lam Luk Ka | Both routes are from the previous master plan that was not completed. MRTA has temporarily halted these plans until there is clarity on passenger guarantees. |
Kheha to Tamru | ||
Dark Green Line | National Stadium to Yot Se | |
Bang Wa to Bang Rak Noi Tha It | This is a new route proposed by JICA for the Bang Wa to Lam Sali Line. However, since MRTA has developed the Nonthaburi Civic Center to Yaek Lam Sali section as the Brown Line, the Department of Rail Transport has considered changing the missing section between Bang Wa and Nonthaburi Civic Center into an extension of the Silom Line, terminating at Bang Rak Noi Tha It instead. | |
Blue Line | Lak Song to Phutthamonthon Sai 4 | The route is from the previous master plan that was not completed. MRTA has temporarily halted these plans until there is clarity on passenger guarantees. |
Dark Red Line | Rangsit to Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | These routes have been approved but are currently not yet implemented. |
Bang Sue to Hua Lamphong | ||
Wongwian Yai to Mahachai | ||
Hua Lamphong to Mahachai | ||
Light Red Line | Taling Chan to Salaya | |
Taling Chan to Siriraj | ||
Airport Rail Link | Lat Krabang to Chachoengsao | The proposed route by the Department of Rail Transport, which cancels the Light Red Line from Bang Sue to Hua Mak to Chachoengsao. Instead, it will utilize part of the infrastructure from the Don Mueang–Suvarnabhumi–U-Tapao high-speed railway to add new stations for the Airport Rail Link City Line, expanding travel areas and replacing the entire eastern segment of the Light Red Line |
Gold Line | Prachadhipok | BMA has temporarily halted these plans until there is clarity on passenger guarantees. |
Group 2 : New proposed line | ||
Brown Line | Nonthaburi Civic Centre to Yaek Lam Sali | |
Grey Line | Vatcharaphol to Thong Lo | The proposed route by the BMA, which separates the original Grey Line into distinct sections. The northern section largely follows the original plan, and the Department of Rail Transport has extended the line further to Lam Luk Ka Road |
Vatcharaphol to Khlong Si | ||
Phra Khanong to Rama III | The proposed route by the BMA will replace the existing Bangkok BRT. | |
Rama III to Tha Phra | ||
Light Blue Line | Sathorn to Din Daeng | This route has been revived after has been removed from the original M-Map. |
Silver Line | Bang Na to Suvarnabhumi Airport | The proposed route by the BMA, which separates the extension of the Light Green Line from Udom Suk to Suvarnabhumi Airport for independent development |
Group 3 : Feeder Line | ||
Lat Phrao to Nonthaburi Pier | Most of these routes focus on feeding passengers into the main transit system and may be proposed to operate as regular buses, bus rapid transit, trams, or may be considered as extensions of connectable routes. | |
Don Mueang to Si Saman | ||
Salaya to Mahachai | ||
Srinagarindra to Bang Bo | ||
Khlong Hok to Ongkharak | ||
Rattanathibet to Yaek Pak Kret | ||
Khlong San to Siriraj | ||
Bang Sue to Rama III | ||
Ratchaprhuek to Khae Rai | ||
Phra Khanong to Srinagarindra | ||
Bang Sue to Pathum Thani | ||
Mueang Thong Thani to Pathum Thani | ||
Bang Khae to Samrong | ||
Phraek Sa to Tamru | ||
Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) to Nawanakhon | ||
Bang Na to Chong Nonsi | ||
Suvarnabhumi Airport to Bang Bo | ||
Borommaratchachonnani to Lak Si | ||
Thanyaburi to Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | ||
Khlong Sam to Khu Khot | ||
Min Buri to Suvarnabhumi Airport | ||
Debaratna to Samut Prakan | ||
Bang Yai to Bang Bua Thong | ||
Kru Nai to Samut Prakan | ||
Pathum Thani to Thanyaburi |
Line Name | Commencement | Last extension | Next extension | Terminus | Length (km) | Stations | Track Gauge | Depot | Power Supply | Owner | Operator(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commuter rail | ||||||||||||
Dark Red Line | 29 November 2021 [i] | - | TBA | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal | Rangsit | 22.5 km (14.0 mi) | 10 | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) | • Bang Sue | 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line | State Railway of Thailand | S.R.T. Electrified Train |
Light Red Line | Taling Chan | 14.93 km (9.28 mi) | 4 | |||||||||
Airport rail link | ||||||||||||
Airport Rail Link | 23 August 2010 [ii] | - | TBA | Phaya Thai | Suvarnabhumi | 28.17 km (17.50 mi) | 8 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | • Khlong Tan | 25 kV AC 50 Hz, overhead line | State Railway of Thailand | Previous: S.R.T. Electrified Train Current: Asia Era One |
Rapid Transit | ||||||||||||
Sukhumvit Line | 5 December 1999 [iii] | 16 December 2020 [iv] | TBA | Khu Khot | Kheha | 51.17 km (31.80 mi) | 47 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | • Khu Khot • Bang Pu | 750 V DC, Third Rail | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
• Mo Chit | ||||||||||||
Silom Line | 8 February 2021 [v] | National Stadium | Bang Wa | 13.09 km (8.13 mi) | 14 | |||||||
• Bang Wa sub-depot | ||||||||||||
Blue Line | 3 July 2004 [vi] | 23 December 2019 [vii] | Tha Phra | Lak Song | 46.91 km (29.15 mi) | 38 | • Huai Khwang • Phetkasem | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | Bangkok Expressway and Metro | |||
Purple Line | 6 August 2016 [viii] | - | 2027 [ix] | Khlong Bang Phai | Tao Poon | 20.92 km (13.00 mi) | 16 | • Khlong Bang Phai • Kru Nai (under construction) | ||||
Monorail | ||||||||||||
Pink Line | 21 November 2023 [x] [xi] | - | 2025 [xii] | Nonthaburi Civic Center | Min Buri | 33.9 km (21.1 mi) | 30 | - | • Min Buri | 750 V DC, Third Rail | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
Yellow Line | 3 June 2023 [xiii] | 19 June 2023 [xiv] | - | Lat Phrao | Samrong | 28.62 km (17.78 mi) | 23 | • Si Udom | ||||
People Mover | ||||||||||||
Gold Line | 16 December 2020 [xv] | - | TBA | Krung Thon Buri | Khlong San | 1.67 km (1.04 mi) | 3 | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) | • Krung Thon Buri | 750 V DC, Third Rail | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | Bangkok Mass Transit System |
Total | 261.88 km (162.72 mi) | 189 [xvi] |
Line Name | Name | Planned opening date | Terminus | Length (km) | Stations | Status | Owner | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commuter rail | ||||||||
Dark Red Line | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) to Ban Pachi Junction Section | TBA | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | Ban Pachi Junction | ≈22 km (14 mi) | 9 | Planning | State Railway of Thailand |
Hua Lamphong to Mahachai Section | Hua Lamphong | Mahachai | 34.76 km (21.60 mi) | 20 | ||||
Mahachai to Pak Tho Section | Mahachai | Pak Tho | ≈78 km (48 mi) | 17 | ||||
Rangsit to Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) Section | Rangsit | Thammasart University (Rangsit Campus) | 10.3 km (6.4 mi) | 4 | To be tendered | |||
Missing Link Section | Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal | Hua Lamphong | 7.71 km (4.79 mi) | 5 | Approved | |||
Light Red Line | Hua Mak | 18.2 km (11.3 mi) | ||||||
Taling Chan to Salaya Section with two additional stations; Rama 6 and EGAT stations | Taling Chan | Salaya | 12.64 km (7.85 mi) | 6 | To be tendered | |||
Taling Chan to Siriraj Section | Siriraj | 5.86 km (3.64 mi) | 3 | |||||
Hua Mak to Chachoengsao Section | Hua Mak | Chachoengsao | ≈40 km (25 mi) | 10 | Planning | |||
Salaya to Nakhon Pathom Section | Salaya | Nakhon Pathom | ≈29 km (18 mi) | 6 | ||||
Ractchaprarop to Mae Nam Section | Ratchaprarop | Mae Nam | ≈6 km (3.7 mi) | 3 | ||||
Airport rail link | ||||||||
Airport Rail Link | Don Mueang–Suvarnabhumi–U-Tapao high-speed railway (Phaya Thai to Don Mueang section) | TBA | Phaya Thai | Don Mueang | 20.31 km (12.62 mi) | 2 | Approved | State Railway of Thailand |
Rapid Transit | ||||||||
Sukhumvit Line | Lam Luk Ka Extension | TBA | Khu Khot | Eastern Ring Road Lam Luk Ka | 7.8 km (4.8 mi) | 4 | Postponed | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand |
Tamru Extension | Kheha | Tamru | 10.1 km (6.3 mi) | 4 | ||||
Infill station between Ari and Saphan Khwai stations | Sena Ruam | - | 1 | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration | ||||
Silom Line | Yot Se Extension | National Stadium | Yot Se | 1.2 km (0.75 mi) | 1 | Planning | ||
Taling Chan Extension | Bang Wa | Taling Chan | 7.94 km (4.93 mi) | 6 | ||||
Taling Chan to Bang Rak Noi Thai It Section | Taling Chan | Bang Rak Noi Tha It | 8.60 km (5.34 mi) | 7 | ||||
Blue Line | Putthamonthon Sai 4 Extension | Lak Song | Putthamonthon Sai 4 | 8.3 km (5.2 mi) | 4 | Postponed | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand | |
Purple Line | MRT Purple Line Southern Section | 2027 | Tao Poon | Khru Nai | 22.78 km (14.15 mi) | 17 | Under construction | |
Orange Line | MRT Orange Line Eastern Section | 2028 | Thailand Cultural Centre | Yaek Rom Klao | 21 km (13 mi) | 17 | ||
MRT Orange Line Western Section | 2030 | Bang Khun Non | Thailand Cultural Centre | 13.1 km (8.1 mi) | 11 | |||
Bang Khun Non to Taling Chan Section | TBA | Taling Chan | Bang Khun Non | 4.4 km (2.7 mi) | 1 | Approved | ||
Light Rapid Transit | ||||||||
Silver Line | Bang Na - Suvarnabhumi light rail project | TBA | Bang Na | Suvarnabhumi Airport South Terminal | ≈20 km (12 mi) | 14 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand) |
Monorail | ||||||||
Pink Line | Impact Arena Spur Line | 2025 | Muang Thong Thani | Lake Muang Thong Thani | 2.65 km (1.65 mi) | 2 | Under construction | Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand |
Brown Line | MRT Brown Line | TBA | Nonthaburi Civic Center | Yaek Lam Sali | 21 km (13 mi) | 20 | Approved | |
Yellow Line | Ratchayothin Extension | Lat Phrao | Ratchayothin | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) | 2 | Shleved | ||
Grey Line | Grey Line Northern Section | Thong Lo | Vatcharaphol | 16.25 km (10.10 mi) | 15 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (to be transferred to Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand) | |
Grey Line Southern Section | Phra Khanong | Tha Phra | 20.2 km (12.6 mi) | 24 | ||||
Khlong Si Extension | Vatcharaphol | Khlong Si | 10.87 km (6.75 mi) | 5 | Planning | |||
Light Blue Line | Light Blue Line project | Pracha Songkro | Chong Nonsi | 9.5 km (5.9 mi) | 9 | Planning | ||
People Mover | ||||||||
Gold Line | Prachadhipok Extension | TBA | Khlong San | Prachadhipok | 1.2 km (0.75 mi) | 1 | Postponed | Bangkok Metropolitan Administration |
Total | ≈491.67 km (305.51 mi) [xvii] | 229 [xviii] |
Name | Manufacturer | Family Name | Assembly | Line | Trainset statistics | Image | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of trainsets | Cars (per train) | Car length | Trainset length | Speed Limit | Service Commencement | |||||||
1000 Series | Hitachi Rail | A-train | Yamaguchi, Japan [12] | Dark Red Line | Light Red Line | 15 | 6-car | N/A | Dark Red Line: 145 km/h (90 mph) Light Red Line: 120 km/h (75 mph) | 29 November 2021 | ||
2000 Series | 10 | 4-car | ||||||||||
Class 360 | Siemens | Desiro | Krefeld, Germany [13] | Airport Rail Link | 5 | 3-car | 20.34m | 61.02m | 145 km/h (90 mph) | 23 August 2010 | ||
4 | 4-car | 81.36m | ||||||||||
A1 | Modular Metro | Vienna, Austria [14] | Sukhumvit Line | Silom Line | 35 | 21.8m (DM) 21.5m (T) | 86.6m [14] [15] | 80 km/h (50 mph) | 5 December 1999 | |||
A2 | Siemens / Bozankaya | - | Ankara, Turkey [16] | 22 | 6 December 2018 | |||||||
B1 | CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles | - | Changchun, China | 12 | 21.86m (DT/DM) 21.77m (T/M) | 87.26m | December 2010 | |||||
B2 | 5 | 29 November 2013 | ||||||||||
B3 | 24 | 30 November 2019 | ||||||||||
IBL (Initial Blue Line) | Siemens | Modular Metro | Vienna, Austria [17] [18] | Blue Line | 19 | 3-car | 21.8m (DM) 21.5m (T) | 65.1m [19] | 3 July 2004 | |||
BLE (Blue Line Extension) | - | 35 | 29 July 2019 | |||||||||
TBA [20] | TBA | - | 21 [21] | TBA | 2026 | |||||||
Orange Line | 32 [22] | |||||||||||
S24 | Japan Transport Engineering Company (J-TREC) | Sustina [23] | Yokohama, Japan [24] | Purple Line | 21 | 21.34m [25] (DM) 21.00m (T) | 63.68m | 6 August 2016 | ||||
Innovia Monorail 300 | Alstom / CRRC Nanjing Puzhen | Innovia | Nanjing, China | Pink Line | 30 | 4-car | 13.21m (end car) [26] 13.02m (mid car) | 50.47m [27] [28] | 21 November 2023 | |||
Yellow Line | 28 | 3 June 2023 | ||||||||||
Innovia APM 300 | Gold Line | 3 | 2-car | N/A | 16 December 2020 |
Line name | Supplier | Solution | Type | Commission Date | Level of Automation | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dark Red Line | Thales [29] | AlTrac for ERTMS | Fixed-block ETCS Level 1 | 2020 | Semi-automatic (STO) | |
Light Red Line | ||||||
Airport Rail Link | Siemens | Trainguard LZB700M | Fixed-block; speed coded | 2009 | ||
Sukhumvit Line | Bombardier | Cityflo 450 [30] | Moving-block CBTC | 2009-2011 | ||
Silom Line | ||||||
Blue Line | Siemens | Trainguard LZB700M | Fixed-block | 2019 | Reinstalled. | |
Purple Line | Bombardier | Cityflo 650 | Moving-block CBTC | 2016 | ||
Pink Line | 2021 | Unattended (UTO) | ||||
Yellow Line | ||||||
Gold Line | 2020 | |||||
Former | ||||||
Sukhumvit Line | Siemens | Trainguard LZB700M | Fixed-block | 1999 | Semi-automatic (STO) | Decommissioned from 2009 to 2011 |
Silom Line |
The Bangkok Mass Transit System, commonly known as the BTS Skytrain, is an elevated rapid transit system in Bangkok, Thailand. It is operated by Bangkok Mass Transit System PCL (BTSC), a subsidiary of BTS Group Holdings, under a concession granted by the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) which owns the lines. The system consists of 62 stations along three lines with a combined route length of 70.05 kilometers (43.53 mi). The BTS Sukhumvit Line runs northwards and south-eastwards, terminating at Khu Khot and Kheha respectively. The BTS Silom Line which serves Silom and Sathon Roads, the central business district of Bangkok, terminates at National Stadium and Bang Wa. The Gold Line people mover runs from Krung Thon Buri to Klong San and serves Iconsiam. The lines interchange at Siam station and Krung Thon Buri. The system is formally known as "The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the King's 6th Cycle Birthday".
The Metropolitan Rapid Transit or MRT is a mass rapid transit system serving the Bangkok Metropolitan Region in Thailand. The MRT system comprises two fully operational rapid transit lines and two fully operational monorail line, with another rapid transit line (Orange) under construction. The MRT Blue Line, officially the Chaloem Ratchamongkhon Line, between Hua Lamphong and Bang Sue was the first to open in July 2004 as Bangkok's second metro system. The MRT Blue line is officially known in Thai as rotfaifa mahanakhon (รถไฟฟ้ามหานคร) or "metropolitan electric train", but it is more commonly called rotfai taidin (รถไฟใต้ดิน), literally, "underground train" as it was distinguished from the BTS Skytrain by being completely underground when its first section between Hua Lamphong to Bang Sue opened.
The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the King's 6th Cycle Birthday 1st line, also known as Sukhumvit Line, is one of the rapid transit lines of the BTS Skytrain System in Bangkok, Thailand. The line runs from Siam Station, where it interchanges with the Silom Line, and continues both northwards along Phaya Thai and Phahon Yothin Roads to Khu Khot in Lam Luk Ka District, Pathum Thani, and eastwards along Rama I, Phloen Chit and Sukhumvit Roads, through Bang Na District to Kheha Station in Samut Prakan.
The Elevated Train in Commemoration of HM the King's 6th Cycle Birthday 2nd line, also known as Silom Line, is one of the rapid transit lines of the BTS Skytrain System in Bangkok, Thailand.The line runs eastward from National Stadium Station in Pathum Wan District over Rama I Road and interchanges with the Sukhumvit Line at Siam station, then turns southward, following Ratchadamri, Si Lom, Naradhiwas Rajanagarindra and Sathon Roads to Taksin Bridge where it crosses the Chao Phraya River to the Thonburi side of Bangkok and Wong Wian Yai. It continues west along the Ratchapruek Road before it terminates at Bang Wa Station in Phasi Charoen District.
Rail transport plays a crucial role in connecting various regions of Thailand, transporting both goods and passengers through a range of transportation options that include inter-city and commuter rail, mass rapid transit, monorails, and airport rail links. The State Railway of Thailand (SRT) operates a network of intercity railways spanning 4,845.1 kilometers, covering 47 provinces across the country. SRT is committed to developing railway lands through its subsidiary, SRT Asset (SRTA), which focuses on transit-oriented development (TOD) initiatives. The Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal in Bangkok serves as the primary transportation hub for rail transport in Thailand, connecting various types of rail transportation throughout the country. It covers an area of 274,192 square meters, making it the largest railway station in Southeast Asia, and is situated in a new central business district (CBD) that is currently being developed.
The MRT Orange Line is a rapid transit line of the Mass Rapid Transit Authority of Thailand (MRTA) in the Bangkok Metropolitan Area, Thailand. When fully completed, the MRT Orange line will be 35.9 km (22.3 mi) long with 29 stations, including an interchange with the current Thailand Cultural Centre Station of MRT Blue Line).
The MRT Purple line or MRT Chalong Ratchadham line is Bangkok's fifth rapid transit line, following the Sukhumvit Line, Silom Line, MRT Blue Line, and Airport Rail Link. The line is 23 km (14 mi) long, serving the north-western area of Bangkok running from Tao Poon to Klong Bang Phai in Nonthaburi Province.
The MRT Yellow Line or MRT Nakkhara Phiphat Line is an elevated monorail line in Bangkok and Samut Prakan Province, Thailand, part of the MRT rapid transit system. The 28.62 km (17.78 mi) line has 23 stations and cost 55 billion baht. The line was originally proposed in 2005 by the Office of Transport and Traffic Policy and Planning to be a heavy rail underground line along Lat Phrao road which was then elevated from Lam Sali Intersection to Samrong. However, it was decided in 2012 to build an elevated monorail line for the whole length in order to reduce construction costs.
The MRT Brown Line is a 22.1 km rapid transit line in Bangkok, Thailand proposed monorail mass transit line from Nonthaburi Civic Centre, Nonthaburi Province to Lam Sali intersection, Bang Kapi District. 20 stations are proposed for the line and the expected cost for the project is 48 billion baht. The line has been integrated for 7.2 km with the N2 expressway project and a feasibility study has been completed. The MRT Brown line will interchange with 7 other mass transit lines.
The SRT Dark Red Line, is part of the SRT Red Line suburban railway system to serve the greater Bangkok Metropolitan Region running for 26 km (16 mi) between Krung Thep Aphiwat and Rangsit.
The SRT Light Red Line, or Nakhon Withi Line is a 15 km (9.3 mi) between Krung Thep Aphiwat Central Terminal and Taling Chan and is part of the SRT Red Lines suburban railway system serving the greater Bangkok Metropolitan Region.
The MRT Blue Line or MRT Chaloem Ratchamongkon Line is Bangkok's third rapid transit line, following the Sukhumvit line and Silom line of the BTS Skytrain. It is the first line of the MRT system and is operated by Bangkok Expressway and Metro (BEM). The original 20 km (12.43 mi) MRT Blue Line from Hua Lamphong to Bang Sue opened on 3 July 2004. A 1.2 km (0.75 mi) extension to Tao Poon opened on 11 August 2017. The 15.9 km (9.88 mi) western extension to Lak Song opened for full service on 29 September 2019 and the 11 km (6.84 mi) extension from Tao Poon to Tha Phra to form the quasi loop, opened for full service on 30 March 2020.
The BMA Grey Line is a planned monorail line in the north of Bangkok to be built from Watcharaphon to Thong Lo. The route would provide a vital north - south link for a distance of 16.25 km with 15 planned stations and is expected to cost 27 billion baht. The line would support the growth of residential areas around Pradit Monutham Road and Kaset-Namawin road corridors and is forecast to eventually have 370,000 passengers per day. The BMA Grey will interchange with other lines including the MRT Pink Line, the proposed MRT Brown Line, the MRT Yellow Line, MRT Orange Line and BTS Sukhumvit Line.
The Light Blue Line is a planned monorail line to be built in Bangkok, Thailand. Its path runs along a north–south axis. This line would link the Din Daeng housing community areas, Bangkok City Hall 2, Makkasan Station, and the business area along Sathon Road.
Lavalin Skytrain is a cancelled rapid transit in Bangkok, planned since 1984 during Prem Tinsulanonda reign as prime minister. It was to have been operated by Lavalin (SNC-Lavalin), a Canadian firm, which built the Skytrain system in Vancouver, Canada and two short lines in Toronto and Detroit. The BTS Skytrain was eventually built by Siemens, while Bombardier Inc., successor of Lavalin, eventually landed an order in Kuala Lumpur, the 29 km Kelana Jaya line.
Greater Bangkok commuter rail is a commuter rail system in Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province, Saraburi Province, Lopburi Province, Suphan Buri Province, Ratchaburi Province, Chacheongsao Province, Nakhon Nayok Province, Prachinburi Province, and Samut Songkhram Province. It runs from and to the outskirts of the city during the rush hour, and the passenger number is high. It is operated by State Railway of Thailand (SRT) that also operates inter-city rail. Commuter rail services always have number 3xx. Most of the system are double track.
Bang Wa station is a rapid transit station on the BTS Silom Line and MRT Blue Line in Pak Khlong Phasi Charoen Subdistrict, Phasi Charoen District, Bangkok, Thailand. The station is on the Phet Kasem Interchange where Ratchaphruek cuts with Phet Kasem Roads. It serves as an interchange station for BTS Silom Line and MRT Blue Line, providing direct interchange, but with separate fare and ticket systems for the two lines. Out of the interchanges between the MRT and Skytrain, Bang Wa was the only station where both systems share the same name for the station, as the other interchange stations on the BTS Skytrain all have separate names with their MRT counterparts. This is no longer true after the opening of the MRT Yellow Line's station at Samrong.
The BMA Bang Na–Suvarnabhumi line is a proposed light rail line in Bangkok that would run from Bang Na junction to Suvarnabhumi Airport. The line was first proposed in 1994, but it was not included in the 2005 OTP Mass Rapid Transit Master Plan. Initially, it was planned for the line to potentially be a BTS Sukhumvit Line branch line with turnouts constructed near Bang Na junction. In December 2015, the BMA said it would advance construction and would propose it to cabinet in the near future. In April 2016, deputy governor Amorn Kitchawengkul said the project would take 3–6 years and cost THB 20 billion.
The Gold Line is an automated people mover line, part of Bangkok's rapid transit system. The line is 1.8 km (1.1 mi) long, consisting of 3 stations, and was opened by Thai Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha on 16 December 2020. It primarily serves as a feeder line between the BTS Silom line and Iconsiam shopping center. The line will be extended 1 km (0.62 mi) along Somdet Chao Phraya road to connect with the future MRT Purple Line southern extension. When completed, it will connect Krung Thon Buri BTS station with Prajadhipok Road in Thon Buri District for a total distance of 2.68 km (1.67 mi).
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