Makati Intra-city Subway

Last updated

Makati Intra-city Subway
Overview
Other name(s)Makati Subway
StatusCancelled
Owner Makati City Government
Locale Makati
Termini
  • Ayala
  • Guadalupe
Stations7
Service
Type Rapid transit
System Manila Metro Rail Transit System
Services1
Operator(s)Philippine Infradev Holdings, Inc.
Rolling stock Electric multiple units
Daily ridership500,000 (projected)
Technical
Line length7.2 km (4.5 mi) [1]
CharacterUnderground
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge [2]
Minimum radius 300 m (980 ft)
Electrification 1,500 V DC overhead lines [3]
Operating speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Route map

Contents

BSicon hCONTgq yellow.svg
BSicon lhMBHFq.svg
BSicon hINTACCq yellow.svg
BSicon uextSTR.svg
BSicon hCONTfq yellow.svg
 Ayala
3
BSicon uextACC.svg
 Paseo de Roxas
BSicon uextACC.svg
 Yakal
BSicon uextACC.svg
 Circuit Makati
BSicon uextACC.svg
 Makati City Hall
BSicon uextACC.svg
 Rockwell
BSicon hCONTgq yellow.svg
BSicon lhMBHFq.svg
BSicon hINTACCq yellow.svg
BSicon uextSTR.svg
BSicon hCONTfq yellow.svg
 Guadalupe
3 PasigRiverFerryServiceLogo.png
This diagram:

This is a route-map template for the Makati Intra-City Subway, a proposed rapid transit line in the Philippines.

Note: Per consensus and convention, most route-map templates are used in a single article in order to separate their complex and fragile syntax from normal article wikitext. See these discussions [ 1],[ 2] for more information.

The Makati Intra-city Subway (MkTr) was a planned underground rapid transit line to be located in Makati, Metro Manila, that will link establishments across the city's business district. The construction of it was planned through a public-private partnership program between the Makati City Government and a private consortium headed by Philippine Infradev Holdings. Proponents of the subway are expected to begin construction by December 2018, and Makati Mayor Abigail Binay projects completion by 2025. [4] The subway will cost $1.8 billion (or ₱90 billion) [1] and is expected to accommodate 500,000 passengers daily. [5] [6] It will also have seven stations, with connections to the existing MRT Line 3 and Pasig River Ferry Service. [7]

Construction of this project was put on hold after the transfer of jurisdiction of the ten EMBO barangays from Makati to Taguig was finalized in 2023. This is because its planned depot and some stations were intended to be located in the formerly disputed area, according to the original proposed alignment, thus requiring a reworking. [8] [9]

Route

The line will be 7.2 kilometers (4.5 mi) long and will have 7 stations. The terminus will be at Ayala station with connections of the same name of the MRT Line 3 station and One Ayala transport hub. [1]

List of stations
StationDistance (km)ConnectionsLocation
Between
stations		Total
Ayala ——
  •   1   One Ayala
Makati
Paseo de Roxas ——
Yakal ——
Circuit Makati ——
Makati City Hall ——
Rockwell ——
Guadalupe ——
  •   1   Guadalupe
  • PasigRiverFerryServiceLogo.png Guadalupe Ferry Station
Stations, lines, and/or other transport connections in italics are either under construction, proposed, unopened, or have been closed.

History

Early planning

Former Vice President Jejomar Binay (left), Makati Mayor Abigail Binay (third from right), Vice Mayor Monique Lagdameo (second from right), and 1st District Councilors Luis Javier Jr. (second from left) and Jhong Hilario (right) viewing the scale model of the planned Makati City Subway project at the Makati City Hall on December 12, 2018 Makati Subway Unveiling model.jpg
Former Vice President Jejomar Binay (left), Makati Mayor Abigail Binay (third from right), Vice Mayor Monique Lagdameo (second from right), and 1st District Councilors Luis Javier Jr. (second from left) and Jhong Hilario (right) viewing the scale model of the planned Makati City Subway project at the Makati City Hall on December 12, 2018

In 2015, the National Economic and Development Authority approved the construction of the Makati-Pasay-Taguig Mass Transit System Loop, which would have been a 20-kilometer-long underground railway from Bonifacio Global City to Taft Avenue. The project was to be funded through the PPP scheme, but after former President Benigno Aquino III stepped down from office, the project was later shelved. [10]

Preparatory work officially began on December 12, 2018, following a ceremonial drilling ceremony at the front of the Makati City Hall, which is near the site of one of the proposed stations of the subway. The signing of the memorandum of understanding between the Makati city government and a consortium consisting of Philippine Infradev and Chinese firms Greenland Holdings Group, Jiangsu Provincial Construction Group Co. Ltd., Holdings Ltd. and China Harbour Engineering Company Ltd was also held on the same day. Preparatory work included soil testing and feasibility studies of the proposed locations for the subway line's stations. [11]

As of June 2019, 8 out of the 10 proposed stations have been finalized. The two proposed stations along Ayala Avenue are yet to be finalized due to "non-response" from its owners. The proponents have stated that they may divert the subway towards the Philippine National Railways Buendia station or the Mile Long property in Legazpi Village instead. In the interim, the first station would be in the current location of the Makati Central Fire Station, which will be demolished, then towards a Lucio Tan owned property near Circuit Makati, and Makati City Hall. The remaining stations would be located near Century City, Rockwell Center, Guadalupe Bliss Housing in Cembo, BGC-Ortigas Link Bridge, University of Makati and the final station in the vicinity of Ospital ng Makati. [12]

In July 2019, soil testing related to the subway completed as the Philippine Infradev and Makati LGU has signed a joint venture agreement for the project [13]

As of October 2019, the plan to move the terminus of the line to the Mile Long property being redeveloped by the national government along Amorsolo Street has been finalized. Favorable soil test results and the route diversion meant that the cost of the project might go down to as low as $2.5 billion. [1]

A joint venture with Megaworld Corp. was formed to build a common station located in Guadalupe for the subway system and for the planned SkyTrain. [14] In a disclosure to the stock exchange, the Philippine Infradev wholly owned subsidiary, Makati City Subway Inc. (MCSI) has received the term sheet from Megaworld. [15] The joint venture will build access and connections to the MRT Guadalupe Station and the Pasig River Ferry.

Construction

Philippine Infradev Holdings, Inc. received an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) from the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) and is looking to commence works before the year 2020. If pushed through, the subway may be completed in 2024, a year ahead of schedule. [16]

On July 20, 2020, the EPC contract was signed and awarded to China Construction Second Engineering Bureau Ltd. (CCSEB) and Shanghai Electric Automation Group for the subway line's construction. [17] Former Philippine Vice President Jejomar Binay and Makati Mayor Abigail Binay delivered their speeches via video conference as gratitude for the project. On July 23, 2020, the right-of-way acquisition has commenced for the project, of which 55 landowners received a total of ₱1,000,000 (US$20,270) as compensation. The affected landowners will receive a total compensation of ₱1.18 billion (US$23.9 million).

On August 18, 2020, groundbreaking for the Station 3's transit-oriented development took place, where former parking lots and transport terminal used to stand. [18] To recall, Philippine Infradev executed an agreement with China Construction First Group Corp. Ltd. (CCFG) to build the Station 3's transit-oriented development. [19] Construction will last for 42 months.

Acquisition of properties is also underway in the vicinity of Makati City Hall, as several homes and structures were closed and demolished. The vicinity, also known as Station 5, has been identified as the project's main construction site, where the tunnel boring machine will be assembled and lowered. [20] On October 25, 2020, a city ordinance was enacted to approve and hasten the Right-of-Way acquisition.

On May 14, 2021, the first of five tunnel boring machine was received by the Philippine Infradev Chairman Ren Jinhua in Shanghai, China from its manufacturer in a simple ceremony. [21] It will arrive in the country once the Station 5 construction site was demolished and cleared up.

On November 8, 2021, the Fiscal Incentives Review Board (FIRB) has approved the grant of tax incentives for the rail operations of an ₱81-billion subway project in Makati City that is expected to begin commercial operations in January 2026. [22]

With Makati losing ten barangays to Taguig in a territorial dispute between the two cities in 2023, the subway alignment will need to be reworked because its depot and a few stations were in the affected areas. [23]

In an interview with the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Makati mayor Abigail Binay mentioned that there have been talks with the private proponents on planning on a different transportation initiative as the subway project is no longer viable to proceed. [24]

In August 2024, Isla Lipana-PwC partner Zaldy D. Aguirre, Philippine Infradev Holdings's independent auditor reported a P44 billion impairment loss in 2023. As a consequence of the High Tribunal's landmark decision in the Makati–Taguig boundary dispute, Infradev incurred P5 billion for its subway unfinished work and P39 billion for intangible assets. The subway project was suspended since 5 stations are currently under Taguig's jurisdiction. Infradev completed the excavation and shoring works of Station 3 (Senator Gil Puyat Avenue, Dela Rosa Street and Urban Avenue). [25]

Fares and ticketing

The upcoming line was to use a distance-based fare structure and will be charged 20% to 25% higher than the fares of LRT Line 1 and MRT Line 3. [26] [27] A 25 percent premium will bring the subway's rate to about ₱38 (69 U.S. cents) for 10 stops.

Infrastructure

Station layout

All stations would have a standard layout, with a concourse level and a platform level. The stations are designed to be barrier-free. All stations will have island platforms with full-height platform screen doors. [28]

Rolling stock

The line was to operate electric multiple units in a 6-car configuration, with a headway of three minutes.

Rolling stockTrain dimensions [28]
Train length140 m (459 ft 4 in)
Car lengthDM:24.4 m (80 ft 1 in)
M/T:22.8 m (74 ft 10 in)
Width3 m (9 ft 10 in)
Height (from top of rail)3.81 m (12 ft 6 in)
Floor height (from top of rail)1.13 m (3 ft 8 in)
ConfigurationDM–M–T–T–M–DM
Capacity1,350 passengers
Doors1,400 mm (4 ft 7 in) sliding
Traction power 1,500 V DC overhead line
Traction control IGBT–VVVF
Top speed80 km/h (50 mph)
Safety system(s)Semi-ATO GoA 2
Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
StatusTo be ordered

Expansion

In the aftermath of the 2019 elections, Antonio Tiu, President of Philippine Infradev has stated that he is open to initiating and entering a similar partnership deal with Makati's neighboring cities for the expansion of the subway system. The cities of Manila, Mandaluyong, San Juan, Pasay, and Pasig were specifically mentioned by Tiu. [12]

With the finalized move of the terminus to the Mile Long property, a 2-hectare (4.9-acre) complex along Amorsolo Street, Tiu has started negotiations with the Calixto siblings, Mayor Emi and Congressman Tony, of Pasay to extend the line up to Ninoy Aquino International Airport, which is only three kilometers away from Mile Long and is slated for redevelopment. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metro Manila</span> Metropolitan area and region of the Philippines

Metropolitan Manila, commonly shortened to Metro Manila and formally the National Capital Region, is the capital region and largest metropolitan area of the Philippines. Located on the eastern shore of Manila Bay, the region lies between the Central Luzon and Calabarzon regions. Encompassing an area of 636.00 km2 (245.56 sq mi) and with a population of 13,484,462 as of 2020, it is composed of sixteen highly urbanized cities: the capital city, Manila, Caloocan, Las Piñas, Makati, Malabon, Mandaluyong, Marikina, Muntinlupa, Navotas, Parañaque, Pasay, Pasig, Quezon City, San Juan, Taguig, and Valenzuela, along with one independent municipality, Pateros. As the second most populous and the most densely populated region in the Philippines, it ranks as the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Asia and the 6th most populous urban area in the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makati</span> Highly urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines

Makati, officially the City of Makati, is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines, known for being one of the leading financial centers in the country. As of 2013, the city has the highest concentration of multinational and local corporations in the Philippines. Major banks, corporations, department stores as well as foreign embassies are based in Makati. Makati is also known for being a major cultural and entertainment hub in Metro Manila. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 629,616 people, making it as the 47th most populous city in the country and ranked as the 43rd most densely populated city in the world with 19,336 inhabitants per square kilometer or 50,080 inhabitants per square mile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Taguig</span> Highly urbanized city in Metro Manila, Philippines

Taguig, officially the City of Taguig, is a coastal city located in eastern shores of Metro Manila. It is the fifth-most populous city in the Philippines with a population of 1.2 million people. The city is one of the Philippines' cultural, financial, high-tech, entertainment and media centers with significant influence on commerce, health care, research, technology, education, politics, tourism, dining, art, fashion, and sports. Taguig is also an important center for the country's international diplomacy, hosting several embassies. The city also home to the headquarters of several major multinational corporations. Taguig has the fourth largest skyline in the Philippines, with 289 high-rises, 80 of which exceed 100 m (328 ft).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rail transportation in the Philippines</span>

Rail transportation in the Philippines is currently used mostly to transport passengers within Metro Manila and provinces of Laguna and Quezon, as well as a commuter service in the Bicol Region. Freight transport services once operated in the country, but these services were halted. However, there are plans to restore old freight services and build new lines. From a peak of 1,100 kilometers (680 mi), the country currently has a railway footprint of 533.14 kilometers (331.28 mi), of which only 129.85 kilometers (80.69 mi) are operational as of 2024, including all the urban rail lines. World War II, natural calamities, underspending, and neglect have all contributed to the decline of the Philippine railway network. In the 2019 Global Competitiveness Report, the Philippines has the lowest efficiency score among other Asian countries in terms of efficiency of train services, receiving a score of 2.4, and ranking 86th out of 101 countries globally. The government is currently expanding the railway network up to 1,900 kilometers (1,200 mi) by 2022 through numerous projects.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bonifacio Global City</span> Central business district in Taguig, Philippines

Bonifacio Global City is a central business district and major financial hub located in Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines. It is located 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) southeast of the capital city of Manila. The district experienced commercial growth following the sale of a 440 ha military base at Fort Bonifacio by the Bases Conversion and Development Authority (BCDA). The entire district used to be the part of the main Philippine Army camp.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Guadalupe station (MRT)</span> Train station in Makati, Philippines

Guadalupe station is an elevated Metro Rail Transit (MRT) station located on the MRT Line 3 (MRT-3) system in Makati. It is named because of its location between the barangays of Guadalupe Nuevo and Guadalupe Viejo, both are in turn named after Our Lady of Guadalupe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makati Science High School</span> Public high school in Taguig, Philippines

Makati Science High School is a public science high school in Cembo, Taguig, Philippines. It is one of three science high schools in the city. MakSci is operated, managed and administered by the Schools Divisions Office of Taguig City and Pateros (SDO-TaPat). Ownership of its land and school building are currently disputed between the cities of Makati and Taguig following the resolution of the Makati–Taguig territorial dispute, which favors Taguig.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magallanes station</span> Train station in Makati, Philippines

Magallanes station is an elevated Metro Rail Transit (MRT) station located on the MRT Line 3 (MRT-3) system in Makati. The station is named after barangay Magallanes of Makati, which in turn is named after Ferdinand Magellan. Although the station is named after Magallanes, it also serves passengers from Kayamanan-C and barangays Dasmariñas, Pio del Pilar, and San Lorenzo in Makati, and those from Taguig.

Megaworld Corporation is a real-estate company in the Philippines. It is listed on the Philippine Stock Exchange Composite Index. The company develops large-scale, mixed-use, planned communities incorporating residential, commercial, educational, and leisure components. In addition, it provides other services such as project design, construction oversight, and property management. Among its landmark projects is Forbes Town Center, a 6-hectare commercial and residential district in Fort Bonifacio, Taguig, Metro Manila. Another project by Megaworld is the 45-storey Petron Megaplaza office skyscraper, which was the tallest building in the country upon its completion in 1998. Also, last May 31, 2016, Megaworld announced that they will build two more office towers, 10-storey One Republic Plaza, and six-storey Emperador House, in Davao City. The two towers will provide an additional 30,000 sqm of office spaces for lease.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jejomar Binay Jr.</span> Filipino politician (born 1977)

Jejomar Erwin "Junjun" Sombillo Binay Jr. is a Filipino politician who served as the mayor of Makati from 2010 to 2015. He is the only son of former Vice President Jejomar Binay. He was initially dismissed from office by the Ombudsman of the Philippines but this decision was overturned by the Court of Appeals in a ruling dated May 3, 2018. He is perpetually banned from holding public office after the Court of Appeals affirmed on May 28, 2019, charges of grave misconduct, dishonesty and conduct prejudicial to the best interest of the service over the construction of a Makati school building.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makati Central Business District</span> Central business district in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines

The Makati Central Business District is a privately-owned financial and central business district in the Philippines located in the heart of Makati in Metro Manila. It is politically and administratively known as "Central Cluster" in the West District of Makati. It is different from the Makati civic center known as "Makati Poblacion" which is situated at the northeast portion of the district. It is bounded by EDSA, Amorsolo Street, Ayala Avenue, Gil Puyat Avenue, Osmeña Highway, South Luzon Expressway, Metro Manila Skyway, Zobel Roxas Street, Ocampo Street, Metropolitan Avenue, Nicanor Garcia Street, Kalayaan Avenue, Makati Avenue, Anza Street, Polaris Street, Orion Street, Mercedes Street, Amapola Street and Estrella Street. The whole district occupies barangays of San Antonio, San Lorenzo, Bel-Air, and Urdaneta.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Abigail Binay</span> Filipino politician

Mar-len Abigail "Abby" Sombillo Binay-Campos is a Filipina lawyer and politician who has been the Mayor of Makati since 2016. She formerly served in the Congress as Representative of Makati's 2nd District from 2007 to 2016, when she was succeeded by her husband, Luis Campos. She is also the daughter of former Vice President Jejomar Binay.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makati Park and Garden</span> Urban riverfront park in Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines

The Makati Park and Garden, sometimes called Fort Bonifacio Riverside Park and Liwasang Bonifacio by local residents, is an urban riverfront park along the south bank of the Pasig River in Taguig, Philippines. It was created in 2001 as part of the Linear Parks Project of the Pasig River Rehabilitation Commission and the park has an area of 35,433 square meters (381,400 sq ft). In the aftermath of the 2021 Supreme Court decision, which was decided in favor of the City of Taguig gaining jurisdiction of Fort Bonifacio and the Embo barangays, ownership and management of the park has been disputed between the cities of Makati and Taguig.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Metro Manila Subway</span> Future Manila metro line

The Metro Manila Subway, formerly known as the Mega Manila Subway (MMS) is an under-construction underground rapid transit line in Metro Manila, Philippines. The 33-kilometer (21 mi) line, which will run north–south between Valenzuela, Quezon City, Pasig, Taguig, Parañaque and Pasay, consists of 17 stations between the East Valenzuela and Bicutan stations. It will become the country's second direct airport rail link after the North–South Commuter Railway, with a branch line to Ninoy Aquino International Airport.

SkyTrain is a proposed automated people mover line meant to serve the city of Makati and Bonifacio Global City area in Taguig, Metro Manila. Originally scheduled for completion in 2021, as of March 2022, construction has yet to begin.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bonifacio Capital District</span> Central business district in Taguig, Philippines

The Bonifacio Capital District (BCD) is a financial district in Metro Manila, Philippines under the joint management of Megaworld Corporation and the Bases Conversion and Development Authority. It covers the southern area of Fort Bonifacio with the Bonifacio Global City district situated north of the BCD, with McKinley Hill under the jurisdiction of Barangay Pinagsama and the rest under Barangay Fort Bonifacio. Makati claimed jurisdiction of most of the area as part of Barangay Post Proper Southside, which was later transferred to Taguig as part of the 2021 Supreme Court decision on the border dispute.The former Makati barangay has its barangay hall and de facto control of a residential area just north of McKinley West.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Makati–Taguig boundary dispute</span> Disputed area in the Philippines

The local city governments of Makati and Taguig of the Philippines were involved in a territorial dispute. The cities claimed jurisdiction over the entirety of the Fort Bonifacio military reservation, which includes the financial district of Bonifacio Global City (BGC) and Enlisted Men’s Barrios (Embo) barangays.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Embo, Taguig</span> Barangays in Taguig, Philippines

The Enlisted Men's Barrio, commonly known as Embo, refers to the collective term for ten barangays in Taguig, Philippines. It is made up of barangays Cembo, Comembo, East Rembo, Pembo, Pitogo, Rizal, South Cembo and West Rembo, as well as the two Inner Fort barangays: Post Proper Northside and Post Proper Southside. The barangays were originally established to house military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2025 Taguig local elections</span> Local election in the Philippines

Local elections are scheduled to be held in Taguig on May 12, 2025, as part of the 2025 Philippine general election. The electorate will elect a mayor, a vice mayor, twenty-four members of the Taguig City Council, and two district representatives to the House of Representatives of the Philippines. The officials elected in the election will assume their respective offices on June 30, 2025, for a three-year-long term.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2025 Makati local elections</span> Part of 2025 Philippine general election

Local elections are scheduled to be held in Makati on May 12, 2025, as part of the 2025 Philippine general election. The electorate will elect a mayor, a vice mayor, and the sixteen councilors, eight per district, that would be members of the Makati City Council, and two district representatives to the House of Representatives of the Philippines.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris (October 3, 2019). "Makati subway project extension to Naia eyed". Inquirer.net. Retrieved October 4, 2019.
  2. ↑ ISSUES AND CONCERNS RAISED (PDF). MAKATI PUBLIC RAIL TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT Public Hearing Report (Report). PHILIPPINE INFRADEV HOLDINGS, INC. October 2019. Retrieved April 30, 2021.
  3. ↑ Project Rationale (PDF). MAKATI PUBLIC RAIL TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT Revised Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) Report (Report). October 2019. Retrieved April 30, 2021.
  4. ↑ Lagrimas, Nicole-Anne C. (August 22, 2018). "Makati City, IRC consortium likely to break ground for subway project by year-end". GMA News Online. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  5. ↑ Gonzales, Iris (August 27, 2018). "Makati subway to break ground by December". Philstar. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  6. ↑ Esguerra, Darryl John (August 23, 2018). "Construction of Makati City subway system to start in December". Inquirer.net. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  7. ↑ Magano, Louie (July 27, 2018). "The Makati Subway". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  8. ↑ Legaspi, Zeus (January 25, 2024). "Transfer of Embo barangays to Taguig affected Makati's subway project". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
  9. ↑ Cruz, James Patrick (September 6, 2023). "$3.5-billion Makati subway project needs rework after Supreme Court ruling on land dispute". Rappler. Retrieved March 15, 2024.
  10. ↑ Paz, Chrisee De La (November 4, 2015). "Makati-Pasay-Taguig subway auction targeted for next gov't". RAPPLER. Retrieved May 19, 2024.
  11. ↑ Valdez, Denise (December 13, 2018). "Preparatory work on Makati City subway begins". BusinessWorld. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  12. 1 2 Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris (June 3, 2019). "Extension of Makati subway project eyed". Inquirer.net. Retrieved August 17, 2019.
  13. ↑ "Infradev, Makati city gov't, sign subway venture". ABS-CBN News. July 30, 2019. Retrieved August 7, 2019.
  14. ↑ Cordero, Ted (December 13, 2019). "Megaworld and MCSI to build common station for Skytrain, Makati subway". GMA News Online. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
  15. ↑ Valdez, Denise A. (December 13, 2019). "Makati subway to link up with Megaworld's Skytrain". BusinessWorld. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
  16. ↑ Valdez, Denise A. (December 3, 2019). "Construction of Makati subway to start this year". BusinessWorld. Retrieved December 17, 2019.
  17. ↑ "The first overseas subway project! Shanghai Electric assists the construction of the Makati Metro Project". Sohu .
  18. ↑ "Groundbreaking ceremony of Redco Group Philippines "Avenir" was successfully held".
  19. ↑ "China State Construction Engineering Corporation Limited (Annual Report 2020)" (PDF).
  20. ↑ "Execution of Term Sheet Relative to the Financing and Acquisition of Certain Lots in the Makati Subway Project".
  21. ↑ "Makati City Subway System TBM Turnover Ceremony".
  22. ↑ "FIRB approves tax incentives for railway operations of subway project in Makati".
  23. ↑ Cruz, James Patrick (September 6, 2023). "$3.5-billion Makati subway project needs rework after Supreme Court ruling on land dispute". Rappler. Retrieved September 9, 2023.
  24. ↑ Legaspi, Zeus (January 25, 2024). "Transfer of Embo barangays to Taguig affected Makati's subway project". Philippine Daily Inquirer . Retrieved February 28, 2024.
  25. ↑ "Infradev books P44 billion loss after Taguig's SC win renders Makati subway unviable". bilyonaryo.com. August 2, 2024. Retrieved August 2, 2024.
  26. ↑ Rivas, Ralf (August 2, 2019). "Fare for Makati subway will be more expensive than MRT, LRT". Rappler. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  27. ↑ "Makati subway to charge least 20% higher than LRT, MRT fares". CNN Philippines. August 2, 2019. Archived from the original on October 31, 2019. Retrieved October 31, 2019.
  28. 1 2 City Government of Makati; Philippine Infradev Holdings, Inc.; Lichel Technologies, Inc. (March 2019). MAKATI PUBLIC RAIL TRANSPORT SYSTEM PROJECT (PDF) (Report). Retrieved December 13, 2021.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.