List of pests and diseases of roses

Last updated

Rose aphid (Macrosiphum rosae) feeding on buds and shoots Aphid rose.jpg
Rose aphid ( Macrosiphum rosae ) feeding on buds and shoots
Rose rust (Phragmidium) Rose-Rust-1.jpg
Rose rust ( Phragmidium )
Two-spotted mite (Tetranychus urticae) on Gardenia Spidermites-gardenia.jpg
Two-spotted mite ( Tetranychus urticae ) on Gardenia
Yellow tea thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) Sd adult spread.jpg
Yellow tea thrips ( Scirtothrips dorsalis )
Bristly roseslug (Cladius difformis) on the underside of a leaf Bristly Roseslug (Cladius difformis).jpg
Bristly roseslug ( Cladius difformis ) on the underside of a leaf
Cottony cushion scale (Icerya purchasi) Icerya-purchasi.jpg
Cottony cushion scale ( Icerya purchasi )
Leaf damage caused by a leafcutting bee (Megachile sp.) Leafcutting 1 6431.JPG
Leaf damage caused by a leafcutting bee ( Megachile sp.)
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne sp.) nodule damage to roots Nematode nodules.jpg
Root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne sp.) nodule damage to roots
Flea beetle (Aphthona flava) Aphthona flava flea beetle.jpg
Flea beetle ( Aphthona flava )

Roses (Rosa species) are susceptible to a number of pests, diseases and disorders. Many of the problems affecting roses are seasonal and climatic. [1] Some varieties of roses are naturally more resistant or immune than others to certain pests and diseases. Cultivation requirements of individual rose species and cultivars, when observed, often assist in the prevention of pests, diseases and disorders. [2]

Contents

Pests

Insects that affect roses are often considered pests.

Cottony cushion scale (order Hemiptera: family Coccoidea) Icerya purchasi – This scale infests twigs and branches. The mature female is oval in shape, reddish brown with black hairs, 5 mm long. When mature the insect remains stationary and produces an egg sac in grooves, by extrusion, in the body which encases hundreds of red eggs. The insect causes little damage but produces copious honeydew (frass) that can cause damaging sooty mould.
California red scale (order Hemiptera: family Coccoidea) Aonidiella aurantii – A hard scale, orange to orange pink, the female covering being less than 1.5 mm across. Often in plague numbers this scale infests upper surfaces of foliage causing yellowing, leaf fall, and twig and branch dieback. Serious infestations can cause plant death.
Rose scale (order Hemiptera: family Coccoidea) Aulacaspis rosae – Mainly found on the stems and branches of the plant, lack of control will allow the pest to spread to flower stalks and petioles. At this point the plant would be stunted, spindly and with a white, flaky crust of scales on the bark. Female Aulacaspis rosae may live for one year and may lay 80 eggs each with several overlapping generations living within millimetres of the original parent. [4]
Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne species – symptoms of Meloidogyne infestation in roses is stunting, slow growth, pale green leaves and wilting in mild weather. [2]

Diseases

Bacterial diseases

Crown gall rot (Agrobacterium rhizogenes) Agrobacteriumgall.jpg
Crown gall rot ( Agrobacterium rhizogenes )
Bacterial diseases
DiseaseBacteria
Bacterial leaf spot or blast Pseudomonas syringae pv. mors-prunorum
Crown gall Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Hairy root Agrobacterium rhizogenes

Fungal diseases

Black spot (Diplocarpon rosae) Black spot.jpg
Black spot ( Diplocarpon rosae )
Powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa) Podosphaera pannosa 1.jpg
Powdery mildew ( Podosphaera pannosa )
Rose rust Rose-Rust-2.jpg
Rose rust
Anthracnose Sphaceloma rosarum on Rosa rugosa Anthracnose on Rosa rugosa.jpg
Anthracnose Sphaceloma rosarum on Rosa rugosa

Nematodes, parasitic

Pratylenchus penetrans, the most important pest nematode in the northeastern United States Pratylenchus penetrans WI 63x27-5-99.jpg
Pratylenchus penetrans , the most important pest nematode in the northeastern United States

Plant-parasitic nematodes include several genera and can be detrimental to plants – from attacking plants, acting as vectors spreading plant viruses to endoparasites.

Nematodes, parasitic
DiseaseNematodes
Dagger

Xiphinema spp.
Xiphinema diversicaudatum

Lesion

Pratylenchus penetrans
Pratylenchus vulnus

Ring

Criconemella axesta

Root-knot

Meloidogyne hapla

Spiral

Helicotylenchus nannus
Rotylenchus spp.

Stunt

Tylenchorhynchus spp.

Phytoplasma, viruses, and virus-like diseases

(And graft-transmissible pathogens [GTP])

Rose mosaic virus on R. "Queen Elizabeth" Rose Maosaic.jpg
Rose mosaic virus on R. "Queen Elizabeth"
Electromicrograph of Phyllocoptes fructiphilus, the vector of Rose rosette emaravirus Phyllocoptes fructiphilus d3677-1.jpg
Electromicrograph of Phyllocoptes fructiphilus , the vector of Rose rosette emaravirus
Virus and viruslike diseases
DiseasePathogen
Rose flower breakUndetermined [GTP]
Rose leaf curlVirus suspected
Rose mosaicMay be caused by any of the following, alone or in combination: Ilarviruses (usually Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV)) and Nepoviruses: Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) and Strawberry latent ringspot virus (SLRV; nematode transmitted) [17]
Rose ring patternVirus suspected [GTP]
Rose rosette Rose rosette emaravirus , [18] mite transmitted
Rose streak Rose streak virus (RSV) [GTP]
Wild rose leaf rosette disease Rose leaf rosette-associated virus (RLRaV) [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] [25] [26]

Environmental disorders

Hoar frost on Rosa sp. Rose - frost.jpg
Hoar frost on Rosa sp.
Prolonged exposure to overspray of glyphosate will cause yellow leaves and new leaves will be small and elongated. Hormone weed sprays (e.g. 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T) may cause grotesque new growth with thin twisted leaves and distorted buds. Plants may die in severe cases. Pre-emergent herbicides contacting the plants' root system via the soil will cause yellowing foliage. Effects of soil borne herbicide may take several years to clear. [1]

Bare-root roses: Plant in late autumn at leaf fall, and from late winter to early spring, before growth resumes. Avoid planting in the middle of winter when the ground is frozen.

Containerised and container-grown roses: Plant all year round, provided the ground is neither frozen, nor very dry.

Miscellaneous diseases and disorders

Rose proliferation (Rosa 'Prolifera de Redoute') Rosa 'Prolifera de Redoute'.jpg
Rose proliferation (Rosa 'Prolifera de Redouté')
Miscellaneous diseases and disorders
Rose flower proliferationUndetermined
Rose spring dwarfUndetermined
Rose wiltUndetermined

References

  1. 1 2 Ross, D.,Rose-growing for Pleasure, Lothian Publishing, Melbourne, 1985, ISBN   0-85091-181-8 pp. 27
  2. 1 2 Botanica's Organic Gardening, Random House Publishing, Sydney, 2002, ISBN   1-74051-426-2
  3. 1 2 Ross, D.,Rose-growing for Pleasure, Lothian Publishing, Melbourne, 1985, ISBN   0-85091-181-8 pp. 28
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 McMaugh, J. What garden pest or disease is that?, New Holland Publishing, Sydney, 2001
  5. 1 2 Baldo's Sacramento Rose Society Website: Rose Sawflies
  6. Baker, J.R. "Rose Chafer". Insects and Related Pests of Shrubs. North Carolina State University. Retrieved 2009-01-19.
  7. Sweir, S. "Beetles on Ornamental Plants" (PDF). University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension. Retrieved 2009-01-19.
  8. Macoboy, S., Macoboys' Roses, Mallon, Melbourne, 1999, ISBN   1-875696-00-8
  9. "Canker of Rose". Archived from the original on 2007-04-25. Retrieved 2007-03-19.
  10. A discovery 70 years in the making: Characterization of the Rose rosette virus Archived 2013-04-15 at archive.today
  11. Epstein A. H. (1995). "The Biology of Rose Rosette Disease: A Mite-associated Disease of Uncertain Aetiology". Journal of Phytopathology. 143 (6): 353–360. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.1995.tb00275.x.
  12. 1 2 U. Illinois Reports on Plant Diseases No. 666 – Rose Rosette Disease
  13. 6. Ohio State BYGL October 8, 2009 Disease Digest. The Twisted Story of Rose Rosette Disease
  14. Byrne, David H.; Klein, Patricia; Yan, Muqing; Young, Ellen; Lau, Jeekin; Ong, Kevin; Shires, Madalyn; Olson, Jennifer; Windham, Mark; Evans, Tom; Novick, Danielle (May 2018). "Challenges of Breeding Rose Rosette–resistant Roses". HortScience. 53 (5): 604–608. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI12553-17 . ISSN   0018-5345.
  15. Young, Ellen L.; Lau, Jeekin; Bentley, Nolan B.; Rawandoozi, Zena; Collins, Sara; Windham, Mark T.; Klein, Patricia E.; Byrne, David H.; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar (2022-06-08). "Identification of QTLs for Reduced Susceptibility to Rose Rosette Disease in Diploid Roses". Pathogens. 11 (6): 660. doi: 10.3390/pathogens11060660 . ISSN   2076-0817. PMC   9227826 . PMID   35745514.
  16. Lau, Jeekin; Young, Ellen L.; Collins, Sara; Windham, Mark T.; Klein, Patricia E.; Byrne, David H.; Riera-Lizarazu, Oscar (2022-07-07). "Rose Rosette Disease Resistance Loci Detected in Two Interconnected Tetraploid Garden Rose Populations". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 916231. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.916231 . ISSN   1664-462X. PMC   9302375 . PMID   35873988.
  17. Susannah da Silva, Binoy Babu, Mathews L. Paret, Gary Knox, Fanny Iriarte, Barron Riddle, Matt Orwat, Shawn T. Steed, E. Vanessa Campoverde, and Svetlana Y. Folimonova. "Rose Mosaic Virus: A Disease Caused by a Virus Complex and Symptoms on Roses and Management Practices" (PDF).
  18. A.G. Laney; K.E. Keller; R.R. Martin; I.E. Tzanetakis (2011-03-29). "A discovery 70 years in the making: Characterization of the Rose rosette virus". Journal of General Virology. 92 (Pt 7): 1727–1732. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.031146-0 . PMID   21471323.
  19. He, Yan; Yang, Zuokun; Hong, Ni; Wang, Guoping; Ning, Guogui; Xu, Wenxing (2014-10-22). "Deep sequencing reveals a novel closterovirus associated with wild rose leaf rosette disease". Molecular Plant Pathology . 16 (5). Wiley: 449–458. doi:10.1111/mpp.12202. ISSN   1464-6722. PMC   6638334 . PMID   25187347.
  20. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus (RLRAV0)[Overview]". EPPO Global Database . 2018-04-16. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  21. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus". Kyoto University GenomeNet. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  22. "Taxonomy browser (Rose leaf rosette-associated virus)". National Center for Biotechnology Information Taxonomy Browser.
  23. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus". National Center for Biotechnology Information Virus. 2020-11-06. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  24. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus – EVAg". European Virus Archive . Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  25. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus". Global Biotic Interactions (in English, Spanish, and Japanese). Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  26. "Rose leaf rosette-associated virus RLRaV-CWR.1". Genomes OnLine Database . Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  27. Ross, D.,Rose-growing for Pleasure, Lothian Publishing, Melbourne, 1985, ISBN   0-85091-181-8 pp. 26