Rose garden

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Aramaki rose park, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan Aramaki rose park04s2400.jpg
Aramaki rose park, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan

A rose garden or rosarium is a garden or park, often open to the public, used to present and grow various types of garden roses, and sometimes rose species. Designs vary tremendously and roses may be displayed alongside other plants or grouped by individual variety, colour or class in rose beds. Technically it is a specialized type of shrub garden, but normally treated as a type of flower garden, if only because its origins in Europe go back to at least the Middle Ages in Europe, when roses were effectively the largest and most popular flowers, already existing in numerous garden cultivars.

Contents

Emilia in the rosegarden, Anjou, ~1460 Emilia in the rosegarden (Teseida).jpg
Emilia in the rosegarden, Anjou, ~1460

Origins of the rose garden

Jules Gravereaux in Roseraie du Val-de-Marne, 1900 Jules Gravereaux toile.jpg
Jules Gravereaux in Roseraie du Val-de-Marne, 1900

Of the over 150 species of rose, the Chinese Rosa chinensis has contributed most to today's garden roses; it has been bred into garden varieties for about 1,000 years in China, and over 200 in Europe. [1] It is believed that roses were grown in many of the early civilisations in temperate latitudes from at least 5000 years ago. They are known to have been grown in ancient Babylon. [2] Paintings of roses have been discovered in Egyptian pyramid tombs from the 14th century BC. [3] Records exist of them being grown in Chinese gardens and Greek gardens from at least 500 BC. [4] [5] Many of the original plant breeders used roses as a starting material as it is a quick way to obtain results.

Most of the plants grown in these early gardens are likely to have been species collected from the wild. However, there were large numbers of selected varieties being grown from early times; for instance numerous selections or cultivars of the China rose were in cultivation in China in the first millennium AD. [6]

The significant breeding of modern times started slowly in Europe from about the 17th century. This was encouraged by the introduction of new species, and especially by the introduction of the China rose into Europe in the 19th century. [5] An enormous range of roses has been bred since then. A major contributor in the early 19th century was Empress Josephine of France, who patronized the development of rose breeding at her gardens at Malmaison. [7] As long ago as 1840, a collection numbering over one thousand different cultivars, varieties and species was possible when a rosarium was planted by Loddiges nursery for Abney Park Cemetery, an early Victorian garden cemetery and arboretum in England. [8]

British designers of rose gardens include Thomas Mawson, who created examples at Graythwaite Hall (his first major garden project in 1886) and other sites, including Bushey (1913). Another surviving old public rose garden is Jules Gravereaux's Roseraie du Val-de-Marne south of Paris in L'Haÿ-les-Roses, which was laid out in 1899 and remains the biggest rose garden in France.

List of public rose gardens

Ruston's Roses in South Australia Ruston's Rose garden 2.JPG
Ruston's Roses in South Australia
Blooming roses of the rose garden in Chandigarh during spring season Rose Garden Chandigarh.jpg
Blooming roses of the rose garden in Chandigarh during spring season

Public rose gardens are a feature of many towns and cities. Since 1995, the World Federation of Rose Societies (WFRS) grants the Award of Garden Excellence. So far, 42 gardens have been selected. [9] Notable gardens around the world include:

Argentina

Austria

Roses with protection against freezing - Volksgarten, Vienna Winterschutz.jpg
Roses with protection against freezing – Volksgarten, Vienna

Australia

1905 Dickie bandstand in Nieuwesteeg Heritage Rose Garden, Bacchus Marsch, Victoria Dickie-bandstand-3-3-2013.jpg
1905 Dickie bandstand in Nieuwesteeg Heritage Rose Garden, Bacchus Marsch, Victoria

Belgium

International rose garden of Kortrijk, Belgium Roseraie Courtrai J4.jpg
International rose garden of Kortrijk, Belgium

Canada

University of British Columbia Rose Garden Rosegarden ubc.jpg
University of British Columbia Rose Garden

China

Denmark

France

Parc de Bagatelle in Paris Bagatelle roseraie classique01.jpg
Parc de Bagatelle in Paris

Germany

Rosengarten Rose Garden in Bad Kissingen Rosengarten-Juni2007.JPG
Rosengarten Rose Garden in Bad Kissingen

India

Zakir Hussain Rose Garden in Chandigarh, India Rose Garden Chandigarh.jpg
Zakir Hussain Rose Garden in Chandigarh, India

There are various rose gardens in India. These gardens have thousands of varieties & sub-varieties of roses and are open to the public.

Israel

Italy

Niso Fumagalli Rose Garden in Monza, Italy Roseto della Villa Reale di Monza.jpg
Niso Fumagalli Rose Garden in Monza, Italy

Lithuania

Rose garden at Vytautas Magnus University Botanical Garden in Kaunas, Lithuania 2019 06 18 rozynas.JPG
Rose garden at Vytautas Magnus University Botanical Garden in Kaunas, Lithuania

Netherlands

Wedding in Rozanka Rose Garden in Szczecin, Poland Szczecin Rozanka slub 14.08.2010.jpg
Wedding in Różanka Rose Garden in Szczecin, Poland

Poland

South Africa

Spain

Switzerland

United Kingdom

Queen Mary Gardens in Regent's Park, London Queen Mary's Gardens P6110014.JPG
Queen Mary Gardens in Regent's Park, London

United States

Tyler is called the "Rose Capital of America" for its rose-growing industry, large municipal rose garden and annual Texas Rose Festival Tyler- "Rose Capital of America" IMG 0546.JPG
Tyler is called the "Rose Capital of America" for its rose-growing industry, large municipal rose garden and annual Texas Rose Festival

Uruguay

Further reading

The World Federation of Rose Societies [48] produces an annual directory drawn up by national rose societies in each of its 39 member countries. This includes a catalogue of rose gardens considered nationally significant. [49]

Well-being

Rose gardens are full of vibrant, fresh, and stimulating sights and scents. These beautiful gardens are pleasing not only to the eyes but to the mind and soul as well. Many research studies have found that being in the presence of flowers immediately induces positive emotions while suppressing feelings of depression and anxiety. [50] Every flower has the ability to evoke a certain emotion. Depending on the flower you are engaged with, you may experience feelings such as nurturing, romantic, sensuous, tranquil, or whimsical. [51]

See also

Bibliography

Related Research Articles

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jules Gravereaux</span> French rosarian (1844–1916)

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