List of shipwrecks in September 1916

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The list of shipwrecks in September 2000 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during September 1916.

Contents

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

1 September

List of shipwrecks: 1 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Baron Yarborough Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Mediterranean Sea 27 nautical miles (50 km) north west of Dragonera, Spain by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [1] [2]
Dronning Maud Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine placed by SM UC-1 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) and sank in the North Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) north east of Southwold, Suffolk, United Kingdom with the loss of three of her crew. [3]
Giuseppe Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The brigantine was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) north of Ibiza, Spain ( 39°42′N1°46′E / 39.700°N 1.767°E / 39.700; 1.767 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [4]
Hartford Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The steamer stranded in the Connecticut River near Essex, Connecticut. [5]
S. Francesco Di PaolaFlag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea east of Algiers, Algeria by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [6]
Swift Wings Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The collier was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 18 nautical miles (33 km) east of Cape Bengut, Algeria by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of two crew. Her captain was taken as a prisoner of war. [2] [7] [8]
Wissman Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The cargo ship caught fire a Kilindini, Kenya and was scuttled. [9]

2 September

List of shipwrecks: 2 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Gioconda Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy World War I: The transport ship was damaged in the Black Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) off Trabzon, Turkey by SM UB-45 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). She was towed to Trabzon and beached for use as a landing stage. Not repaired post-war. [10]
Kelvinia Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine in the Bristol Channel 9 nautical miles (17 km) south by west of Caldey Island, Pembrokeshire ( 51°33′31″N4°42′45″W / 51.55861°N 4.71250°W / 51.55861; -4.71250 ). Her crew survived. [11]
Stormbird (1854)Civil Ensign of New Zealand.svg  New Zealand wrecked on Castlecliff breakwater. 3 crew drowned. She was the oldest steamship still working. [12]
Strathallan Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Philippeville, Algeria ( 37°10′N7°10′E / 37.167°N 7.167°E / 37.167; 7.167 ) by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but her captain was taken as a prisoner of war. [2] [13]
UranieFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea off Philippeville by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [14]

3 September

List of shipwrecks: 3 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
General Archinard Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The barque was sunk in the English Channel 16 nautical miles (30 km) south east of the Royal Sovereign Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) ( 50°35′N0°50′E / 50.583°N 0.833°E / 50.583; 0.833 ) by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [15]
Gotthard Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 45 nautical miles (83 km) west south west of Beachy Head, Sussex, United Kingdom ( 50°17′N0°13′W / 50.283°N 0.217°W / 50.283; -0.217 ) by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [16]
Mascotte Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the North Sea 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km) off Southwold, Suffolk ( 52°15′N1°50′E / 52.250°N 1.833°E / 52.250; 1.833 ) with the loss of a crew member. by SM UC-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [17]
Netta Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) north east of Cap d'Antifer, Manche, France by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [18]
Notre Dame de LourdesFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The fishing vessel was sunk in the English Channel ( 50°26′N0°01′W / 50.433°N 0.017°W / 50.433; -0.017 ) by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [19]
Peter Darcy Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy World War I: The transport ship was sunk in the Black Sea north of Snake Island ( 45°28′N30°18′E / 45.467°N 30.300°E / 45.467; 30.300 ) by SM UB-42 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [20]
Rievaulx Abbey Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo liner struck a mine and sank in the Humber Estuary ( 53°30′40″N0°17′30″E / 53.51111°N 0.29167°E / 53.51111; 0.29167 ) with the loss of two lives. [21]
Teesborough Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Fécamp, Seine-Inférieure, France by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [22]
VilladoroFlag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) off Zembra, Tunisia by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [23]

4 September

List of shipwrecks: 4 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
BydarkyFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States While anchored in Cook Inlet off Bluff Point Coal Mine on the south-central coast of the Territory of Alaska with a partial load of 90 tons of coal aboard, the 53-gross register ton coal barge dragged her anchors during a storm and was blown ashore and wrecked one nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) away from her anchorage. [24]
HMT Jessie Nutten Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The naval trawler struck a mine placed by SM UC-1 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) and sank in the North Sea off Lowestoft, Suffolk ( 52°17′N1°46′E / 52.283°N 1.767°E / 52.283; 1.767 ) with the loss of five of her crew. [25]
Laristan Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) south east of Gozo, Malta ( 36°04′N13°13′E / 36.067°N 13.217°E / 36.067; 13.217 ) by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived but her captain was taken as a prisoner of war. [2] [26]
Orfey Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy The Orfey-class destroyer ran aground on the Westergund Bank, in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated the next day with the assistance of three tugs and taken in to Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland, where she was repaired. [27]
Pasquale Lauro Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The barque was scuttled in the Gulf of Lion ( 41°55′N5°16′E / 41.917°N 5.267°E / 41.917; 5.267 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew took to the lifeboats but were not seen again. [28]
Silverstream Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The barque was scuttled in the Gulf of Lion ( 42°25′N5°22′E / 42.417°N 5.367°E / 42.417; 5.367 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [29]
Stadion Flag of Norway.svg  Norway The cargo ship capsized whilst being loaded at Hull, Yorkshire, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. [30]
Zabiyaka Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy The Orfey-class destroyer ran aground off "Talscher Island", in the Baltic Sea. She was refloated with assistance from the destroyer Orfey (Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy) and the tugs Atlas and Black Sea No. 2 (both Flag of Russia.svg  Russia ). She was towed in to Helsinki, where she was repaired. [27]

5 September

List of shipwrecks: 5 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Blue JacketFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The barge sank in a storm off Black Rock Harbor Light. [31]
City of Ghent Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 18 nautical miles (33 km) south east of Barfleur, Manche, France by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [32]
Jeanne Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 16 nautical miles (30 km) north east of the Casquets, Channel Islands ( 49°51′N2°17′W / 49.850°N 2.283°W / 49.850; -2.283 ) by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [33]
Marcel Flag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) north of Barfleur by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [34]
Saint Marc Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 58 nautical miles (107 km) south east of Malta ( 35°08′N15°23′E / 35.133°N 15.383°E / 35.133; 15.383 ) by SM U-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived and were rescued by La Savoie (Civil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy). [35]
S. E. VincentFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The barge sank in a storm off Black Rock Harbor Light. Later raised. [31]
Spence Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) west of Point of Ayre, Isle of Man and was wrecked. Her three crew were rescued. [30]

6 September

List of shipwrecks: 6 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
BritanniaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The ketch was scuttled in the English Channel 12 nautical miles (22 km) north of Alderney, Channel Islands by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [36]
HMT Manzanita Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy The naval trawler was lost in the Mediterranean Sea on this date. [7]
Rilda Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was sunk in the North Sea east of the Noord Hinder Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-12 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [37]
Strathtay Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the English Channel 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) north of the Point de Pontsuval, Finistère, France ( 48°47′N4°25′W / 48.783°N 4.417°W / 48.783; -4.417 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [38]
Tagus Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) north east by east of Ouessant, Finistère ( 48°55′N4°24′W / 48.917°N 4.400°W / 48.917; -4.400 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [39]
Torridge Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the English Channel 40 nautical miles (74 km) south south west of Start Point, Devon ( 49°33′N3°39′W / 49.550°N 3.650°W / 49.550; -3.650 ) by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [2] [40]
YvonneFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the English Channel ( 49°32′N5°03′W / 49.533°N 5.050°W / 49.533; -5.050 ) by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [41]

7 September

List of shipwrecks: 7 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Achaia Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the Mediterranean Sea 300 yards (270 m) off Oran, Algeria ( 36°00′N0°50′E / 36.000°N 0.833°E / 36.000; 0.833 ). Her crew survived. [42] The motor boats Allegro, Doreen and Griffin (all Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy) were being carried as cargo and were also lost. [43]
Alcyon Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The schooner was set afire and sunk in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) north west of the Créac'h Lighthouse ( 48°50′N5°20′W / 48.833°N 5.333°W / 48.833; -5.333 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived; they were rescued by Hafursfjord (Flag of Norway.svg  Norway). [44]
Alice Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The schooner was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) north of Ouessant, Finistère by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived; they were rescued by HMS Martin (Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy). [45]
EmmaFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The fishing vessel was scuttled in the English Channel 8 nautical miles (15 km) north of Sept-Îles, France by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [46]
FarfadetFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The fishing vessel was sunk in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse, Finistère by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [47]
Heathdene Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the English Channel 38 nautical miles (70 km) south south west of The Lizard, Cornwall by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [48]
Hiso Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the Mediterranean Sea off Oran. Her crew survived. [49]
Jeanne D'ArcFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The fishing vessel was sunk in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [50]
LeonineFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The fishing vessel was scuttled in the English Channel off the Triagoz Lighthouse by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [51]
Luigia Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The barque was scuttled in the Gulf of Genoa ( 42°42′N7°55′E / 42.700°N 7.917°E / 42.700; 7.917 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [52]
MargueriteFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 50 nautical miles (93 km) north west of Ouessant ( 49°07′N5°55′W / 49.117°N 5.917°W / 49.117; -5.917 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived; they were rescued by Øifjeld (Flag of Norway.svg  Norway). [53]
Messicano Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 50 nautical miles (93 km) south east of the Wolf Rock, Cornwall ( 48°57′N5°48′W / 48.950°N 5.800°W / 48.950; -5.800 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [54]
Royal Prince Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The steamer went ashore on Lovells Island in the harbor at Boston, Massachusetts. [5]

8 September

List of shipwrecks: 8 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Butetown Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The collier was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 55 nautical miles (102 km) west south west of Cape Matapan, Greece ( 36°00′N21°15′E / 36.000°N 21.250°E / 36.000; 21.250 ) by SM UB-47 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [55] [56]
Elizabeth IV Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea west of Sardinia, Italy by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [57]
Gamen Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden World War I: The cargo ship, en route from Barry to Algiers, was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 35 nautical miles (65 km) south west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom [58] by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [59]
Jeune Union Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The schooner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 28 nautical miles (52 km) west by north of Ouessant, Finistère by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [60]
Llangorse Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 48 nautical miles (89 km) west south west of Cape Matapan ( 36°00′N21°55′E / 36.000°N 21.917°E / 36.000; 21.917 ) by SM UB-47 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [61]
Lyderhorn Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 25 nautical miles (46 km) south east of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [62]
Marie LouiseFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was set afire and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 23 nautical miles (43 km) north by west of Ouessant ( 48°50′N5°18′W / 48.833°N 5.300°W / 48.833; -5.300 ) by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [63]
Mayo BandMercante1785.svg  Spain World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off Ouessant ( 48°53′N5°28′W / 48.883°N 5.467°W / 48.883; -5.467 ) by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [64]
Olazarri BandMercante1785.svg  Spain World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 20 nautical miles (37 km) south west of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [65]
Prince Georgios Flag of Greece.svg  Greece The coaster caught fire at Malta. She was towed out of port but sank 4 nautical miles (7.4 km) offshire. [66]
Spetzai Flag of Greece.svg  Greece World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) west of Cape Matapan ( 36°00′N21°12′E / 36.000°N 21.200°E / 36.000; 21.200 ) by SM UB-47 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [67]

9 September

List of shipwrecks: 9 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
ConsolationCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The fishing smack was scuttled in the English Channel 15 nautical miles (28 km) south south east of Start Point, Devon by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [68] [69]
DoradoCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The fishing smack was scuttled in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [70]
Europe Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The three-masted schooner was scuttled in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) off the Île de Sein, Finistère ( 48°05′N5°44′W / 48.083°N 5.733°W / 48.083; -5.733 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [71]
FavouriteCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [72]
Gemma Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 43 nautical miles (80 km) south west of the Wolf Rock, Cornwall, United Kingdom ( 49°16′N6°10′W / 49.267°N 6.167°W / 49.267; -6.167 ) by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [73]
Georges André Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The schooner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 30 nautical miles (56 km) south west of the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom ( 50°00′N6°20′W / 50.000°N 6.333°W / 50.000; -6.333 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [74]
Lodsen Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 42 nautical miles (78 km) off the Longships Lighthouse ( 49°29′N6°20′W / 49.483°N 6.333°W / 49.483; -6.333 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [75]
Muriel FranklinCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The fishing vessel was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 20 nautical miles (37 km) south east of Start Point by SM UB-29 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [76]
MyosotisFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 50°00′N6°20′W / 50.000°N 6.333°W / 50.000; -6.333 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [77]
Pronto Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 13 nautical miles (24 km) north west of Ouessant by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [78]
RemoraFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean south of the Wolf Rock by SM UB-23 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but were taken as prisoners of war. [79]

10 September

List of shipwrecks: 10 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Elli Flag of Greece.svg  Greece World War I: The barque was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea south of Sardinia, Italy ( 38°18′N9°14′E / 38.300°N 9.233°E / 38.300; 9.233 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [80]
Furu Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Bishop Rock, Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [81]
Lexie Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 42 nautical miles (78 km) south west of Ouessant, Finistère, France ( 47°51′N5°50′W / 47.850°N 5.833°W / 47.850; -5.833 ) by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [82]
Lindborg Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the North Sea 9 nautical miles (17 km) north west of the Maas Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [83]
Marechal de Villars Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The barque was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Isles of Scilly ( 49°06′N6°15′W / 49.100°N 6.250°W / 49.100; -6.250 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [84]
HMML 149Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy The motor launch was lost in the Mediterranean Sea on this date. [7]
Polynesia Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean north west of Ouessant by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [85]
Spiridon Flag of Greece.svg  Greece World War I: The barque was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea south of Sardinia ( 39°29′N8°43′E / 39.483°N 8.717°E / 39.483; 8.717 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [86]

11 September

List of shipwrecks: 11 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Assimacos Flag of Greece.svg  Greece World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Atlantic Ocean 45 nautical miles (83 km) south of the Seven Stones Reef ( 45°15′N6°08′W / 45.250°N 6.133°W / 45.250; -6.133 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [87]
Fredavore Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 28 nautical miles (52 km) north west of Ouessant, Finistère, France by SM UB-39 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [88]
Kong Ring Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo liner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 30 nautical miles (56 km) south of the Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom ( 49°32′N6°41′W / 49.533°N 6.683°W / 49.533; -6.683 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [89]
Lindborg Flag of Norway.svg  Norway The cargo ship foundered in te North Sea. Her crew were rescued. [66]
Luis Vives BandMercante1785.svg  Spain World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off the Isles of Scilly by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [90]
StrazhNaval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy The cruiser ran aground off Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland. She was abandoned as a total loss on 14 September. [27]

12 September

List of shipwrecks: 12 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Antwerpen Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands World War I: The tanker was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 30 nautical miles (56 km) south west of the Isles of Scilly, United Kingdom ( 49°30′N6°47′W / 49.500°N 6.783°W / 49.500; -6.783 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [91]
Elizabeth Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy World War I: The transport ship was sunk in the Baltic Sea off Grassgrund ( 59°20′N23°46′E / 59.333°N 23.767°E / 59.333; 23.767 ) by SM U-19 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [92]
Ije Naval Ensign of Russia.svg  Imperial Russian Navy World War I: The transport ship was sunk in the Baltic Sea off Grassgrund by SM U-19 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [93]
Panaghia Akathistou Flag of Greece.svg  Greece World War I: The barque was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea south east of Sicily, Italy ( 36°19′N16°16′E / 36.317°N 16.267°E / 36.317; 16.267 ) by SM U-34 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [94]

13 September

List of shipwrecks: 13 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
ArielFlag of France.svg  France World War I: The sloop was scuttled in the English Channel 35 nautical miles (65 km) north west of Sept Îles, Côtes-du-Nord by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [95]
Hans Jensen Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 52 nautical miles (96 km) north east of the Île de Batz, Finistère, France ( 49°38′N3°43′W / 49.633°N 3.717°W / 49.633; -3.717 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [96]
J. N. Madvig Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 54 nautical miles (100 km) north north west of Paimpol, Finistère ( 49°20′N3°51′W / 49.333°N 3.850°W / 49.333; -3.850 ) by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [97]
Tolosa Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel 30 nautical miles (56 km) north north east of the Île de Batz by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [98]

14 September

List of shipwrecks: 14 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Congress Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The passenger ship caught fire in the Pacific Ocean 30 miles (48 km) off Coos Bay, Oregon. The ship made it to Coos Bay where all 424 passengers and her crew were rescued by the dredge Colonel P.S. Michie (Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Army) and Tillamock (Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States) and other vessels. She was then beached and burned out. [99] [100] [101]
Counsellor Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the Atlantic Ocean 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) west of Galley Head, County Donegal ( 51°38′N9°03′W / 51.633°N 9.050°W / 51.633; -9.050 ). Her crew survived. [102]
Ethel Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the English Channel off the Casquets, Channel Islands by SM UB-18 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [103]
HMML 230Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The motor launch was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 37°55′N16°15′E / 37.917°N 16.250°E / 37.917; 16.250 by SM U-4 (Austria-Hungary-flag-1869-1914-naval-1786-1869-merchant.svg  Austro-Hungarian Navy). [104]
HMML 253Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The motor launch was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea ( 37°55′N16°15′E / 37.917°N 16.250°E / 37.917; 16.250 ) by SM U-4 (Austria-Hungary-flag-1869-1914-naval-1786-1869-merchant.svg  Austro-Hungarian Navy). [105]
HMML 255Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The motor launch was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea ( 37°55′N16°15′E / 37.917°N 16.250°E / 37.917; 16.250 ) by SM U-4 (Austria-Hungary-flag-1869-1914-naval-1786-1869-merchant.svg  Austro-Hungarian Navy). [106]
Inverbervie Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 17 nautical miles (31 km) south by west of Capo Rizzuto, Calabria, Italy ( 37°55′N16°15′E / 37.917°N 16.250°E / 37.917; 16.250 ) by SM U-4 (Austria-Hungary-flag-1869-1914-naval-1786-1869-merchant.svg  Austro-Hungarian Navy) with the loss of six of her crew. [107]
Italiana Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 112 nautical miles (207 km) east of Malta ( 36°00′N16°50′E / 36.000°N 16.833°E / 36.000; 16.833 ) by SM UB-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [108]
Johan Tillberg Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden World War I: The cargo ship, bound for Copenhagen, struck a mine in southern Øresund and sank. Nine casualties, three survivors [109]
Kütahya Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844-1922).svg  Ottoman Navy World War I: The Antalya-class torpedo boat was sunk by mines in the Black Sea north of Karaburnu.
HMT Loch Garry Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy The naval trawler/boom net tender broke loose from her moorings was driven aground and sunk in a gale at Kirkwall, Orkney Islands. Seven crew and her captain died, only the captain's son survived. [110] [111]

15 September

List of shipwrecks: 15 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Barden Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden The wooden schooner departed Mobile, Alabama, destined for Cardiff, Wales, and was not heard from again. No information is available on the cause of the disappearance. Nine casualties. [112]
Foucault Civil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy World War I: The Brumaire-class submarine was bombed and sunk in the Adriatic Sea 10 nautical miles (19 km) off Cattaro, Austria-Hungary by two Austro-Hungarian Navy seaplanes. Survivors were rescued by an Austro-Hungarian Navy torpedo boat. [113]
Ida Flag of Norway.svg  Norway The cargo ship collided with Anine (Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark) at Oporto, Portugal and was beached. [114]

16 September

List of shipwrecks: 16 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
SMS Merkur War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy The Vorpostenboot was lost on this date.

17 September

List of shipwrecks: 17 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Dewa Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) east by north of Malta by SM UB-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of three of her crew. [115]
La Canadienne Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada The hydrographic survey ship was wrecked near Doyton at the entrance to Black Bay in Lake Superior. Raised and taken to Port Arthur, Ontario for repairs. [116] [117]
Lord Tredegar Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 51 nautical miles (94 km) south east by east of Malta ( 35°31′N15°26′E / 35.517°N 15.433°E / 35.517; 15.433 ) by SM UB-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of four of her crew. [2] [118]

18 September

List of shipwrecks: 18 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
J. Holmes Hirdsall Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The schooner was driven ashore at San Juan, Puerto Rico and was a total loss. [119]

19 September

List of shipwrecks: 19 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Doride Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The barque was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 70 nautical miles (130 km) west of Isola Marittimo ( 38°24′N10°45′E / 38.400°N 10.750°E / 38.400; 10.750 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [120]
Janie Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The schooner was driven ashore on Salt Island, Anglesey and was wrecked. [119]
TangierFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The barge sprung a leak and sank in a gale in Chesapeake Bay 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) south south east of York Spit Light off the York River. [31] [121]
Teresa C. Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The schooner was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea off Cape Carbonara ( 38°35′N9°50′E / 38.583°N 9.833°E / 38.583; 9.833 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [122]

20 September

List of shipwrecks: 20 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Etton Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The collier struck a mine placed by SM U-75 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) and sank in the White Sea off Sviatoi Nos, Russia ( 67°36′N41°20′E / 67.600°N 41.333°E / 67.600; 41.333 ) with the loss of a crew member. [56] [123]

22 September

List of shipwrecks: 22 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
ExporterFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The tow steamer was sunk in 15 feet (4.6 m) of water when she struck a snag in the Ohio River near Ironton, Ohio. [124]
Garibaldi Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The barque was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) west of Algiers, Algeria ( 37°45′N2°50′E / 37.750°N 2.833°E / 37.750; 2.833 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [125]
Giovanni Zambelli Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea ( 38°10′N2°55′E / 38.167°N 2.917°E / 38.167; 2.917 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [126]
Kennett Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Gulf of Finland off Keri, Estonia by SM U-19 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of a crew member. [2] [127]

23 September

List of shipwrecks: 23 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
AndromedaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 39 nautical miles (72 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [128]
Bay StateFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The 2,262-gross register ton Eastern Steamship Company sidewheel paddle steamer was driven ashore in thick fog at Cape Elizabeth, Maine, just off McKinney's Point and could not be refloated. No loss of life. Her engines and other equipment were salvaged in 1917. [129] [130] [131]
BeechwoldCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) ( 53°12′N1°10′E / 53.200°N 1.167°E / 53.200; 1.167 ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [132]
Britannia IIICivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [133]
Charterhouse Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the Mediterranean Sea 26 nautical miles (48 km) east by south of Formentera, Spain by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but three of them were taken as prisoners of war. [2] [134]
CockatriceCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [135]
Dresden Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the English Channel 41 nautical miles (76 km) south by east of the Nab Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UB-37 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [136]
Faith Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The schooner ran aground and sank at Milford Haven, Pembrokeshire. [137]
GermaineFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium World War I: The lighter was sunk in the North Sea off the Maas Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [138]
Lichtevreden IIFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium World War I: The vessel was sunk in the North Sea off the Maas Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [139]
Maria da JongeFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium World War I: The barge was sunk in the North Sea off the Maas Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [140]
MarieFlag of France.svg  France The sailing vessel collided with Wheatlands (Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) in the Irish Sea and sank. Her crew were rescued. [141]
MercuryGovernment Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 65 nautical miles (120 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [142]
Pearl Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was scuttled in the English Channel 41 nautical miles (76 km) south by east of the Nab Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UB-37 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [143]
PhoenixCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) east south east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [144]
RefinoCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 39 nautical miles (72 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [145]
RegoCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [146]
RestlessCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [147]
RosalieFlag of Belgium (civil).svg  Belgium World War I: The barge was sunk in the North Sea off the Maas Lightship (Flag of the Netherlands.svg  Netherlands) by SM UB-6 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [148]
ViellaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 38 nautical miles (70 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [149]
WeelsbyCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east by east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM UC-16 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [150]

24 September

List of shipwrecks: 24 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
AlbatrossCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) east of Flamborough Head, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [151]
AphelionCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) east of Flamborough Head by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [152]
BritonCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 18 nautical miles (33 km) south east by south of Flamborough Head by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [153]
Bronwen Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk 25 nautical miles (46 km) north by east of Dragonera, Spain ( 40°21′N2°18′E / 40.350°N 2.300°E / 40.350; 2.300 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but three of them were taken as prisoners of war. [2] [154]
Bufjord Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 8 nautical miles (15 km) off Dragonera by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [155]
DevonshireCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 33 nautical miles (61 km) north east of the Spurn Lightship (Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom ) by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [156]
Laila Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was sunk in the North Sea 10 nautical miles (19 km) north east of Flamborough Head ( 54°38′N0°26′E / 54.633°N 0.433°E / 54.633; 0.433 ) by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [157]
MargueriteCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [158]
Nicolo Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 19 nautical miles (35 km) north of Dragonera by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [159]
OceanienFlag of France.svg  France The fishing vessel was sunk in the North Sea 35 nautical miles (65 km) south of the Eddystone Lighthouse, Northumberland, United Kingdom ( 49°49′N4°15′W / 49.817°N 4.250°W / 49.817; -4.250 ) by SM UB-37 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [160]
OtterCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [161]
OtterhoundCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [162]
SunshineCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [163]
TarantulaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [164]

25 September

List of shipwrecks: 25 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Afrique Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 38 nautical miles (70 km) south of the Longships Lighthouse ( 49°27′N5°35′W / 49.450°N 5.583°W / 49.450; -5.583 ) by SM UB-37 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [165]
BellaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea off the Tod Head Lighthouse, Aberdeenshire by SM U-64 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her four crew survived but were taken as prisoners of war. [166]
Benpark Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy World War I The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) south east of Barcelona, Spain by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [167]
CynthiaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 23 nautical miles (43 km) east by south of Flamborough Head, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [168]
Fisher PrinceCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [169]
GamecockCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [170]
HarrierCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [171]
Loch NessCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [172]
Nil DesperandumCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was scuttled in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [173]
QuebecCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 16 nautical miles (30 km) east by north of Whitby, Yorkshire by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [174]
SealCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 33 nautical miles (61 km) east by south of Hartlepool, County Durham by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [175]
St. HildaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [176]
TrinidadCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) north east of Scarborough by SM U-57 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [69] [177]

26 September

List of shipwrecks: 26 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
AmericanFlag of France.svg  France The cargo ship caught fire and sank at Hong Kong. [178]
Benguela Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden World War I: The barque was scuttled in the North Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) east of the Longstone Lighthouse, Northumberland, United Kingdom [179] by SM U-49 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [180]
HMY Conqueror II Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The naval yacht was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean north west of Fair Isle by SM U-52 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of seventeen crew. [181]
Dania Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was sunk in the Barents Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) north east of Cape Nordkinn, Finnmark by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [182]
Enrico Millo Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg  Italy The cargo ship collided with Savoie (Flag of France.svg  France) in the Mediterranean Sea and sank with some loss of life. [183]
Knut Hilde Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) off the Stetnes Lighthouse, Finnmark by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [184]
HMT Loch Shiel Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The naval trawler struck a mine placed by SM U-78 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) and sank in the Irish Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) west of the Helwick Lighthouse ( 51°29′N4°45′W / 51.483°N 4.750°W / 51.483; -4.750 ) with the loss of three of her crew [185]
Newby Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 53 nautical miles (98 km) east of Barcelona, Spain ( 41°30′N3°20′E / 41.500°N 3.333°E / 41.500; 3.333 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [186]
Reuben Dunbar Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The steamer was sunk when she struck a snag in the Ohio River just above Moscow, Ohio in heavy fog. Everyone on board was rescued by Cleo (Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States). [124]
Roddam Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 76 nautical miles (141 km) east south east of Barcelona ( 40°53′N3°18′E / 40.883°N 3.300°E / 40.883; 3.300 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [187]
HMT Sarah Alice Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The naval trawler was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean north west of Fair Isle ( 59°45′N1°40′W / 59.750°N 1.667°W / 59.750; -1.667 ) by SM U-52 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of all sixteen crew. [188]
Stathe Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 50 nautical miles (93 km) east by south of Barcelona ( 41°25′N3°20′E / 41.417°N 3.333°E / 41.417; 3.333 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [189]
St. Gothard Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The collier was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 12 nautical miles (22 km) north by west of Fair Isle ( 59°41′N1°45′W / 59.683°N 1.750°W / 59.683; -1.750 ) by SM U-52 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [7] [190]
HMS Stirling Castle Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy The auxiliary minesweeper was lost in the Mediterranean Sea on this date. [7]
Thelma Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the North Sea 24 nautical miles (44 km) east of Fair Isle by SM U-20 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [191]

27 September

List of shipwrecks: 27 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Avis Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The schooner was abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean 30 nautical miles (56 km) west of Miquelon. [192]
Exchange Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom The cargo ship struck the pier at the mouth of the River Bann. She consequently sank at her moorings in Coleraine, County Antrim. [192]
Kachidate Maru Merchant flag of Japan (1870).svg  Japan The cargo ship foundered in the South China Sea off Quelpart, Korea. [183]
Minnie A. EmmonsFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The dredge sank off New Haven, Connecticut. [5]
Rallus Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was shelled and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 45 nautical miles (83 km) north east by north of Dragonera, Spain by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [193]
Secondo Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 40 nautical miles (74 km) north north east of Dragonera by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [2] [194]
Thurso Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the North Sea 60 nautical miles (110 km) north east by east of Rattray Head, Aberdeenshire by SM U-44 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived, but two were taken as prisoners of war. [195]
SM UB-7 War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy World War I: The Type UB I submarine departed Varna, Bulgaria on patrol. Subsequently lost in the Black Sea with the loss of all fifteen crew.
Vindeggen Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Cape Frontera, Spain ( 40°18′N3°10′E / 40.300°N 3.167°E / 40.300; 3.167 ) by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [196]

28 September

List of shipwrecks: 28 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
EmanuelFlag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk south of the Firth of Forth ( 55°28′N0°10′E / 55.467°N 0.167°E / 55.467; 0.167 ) by SM U-49 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [197]
Emma Flag of Russia.svg  Russia World War I: The three-masted schooner was sunk in the Atlantic Ocean 75 nautical miles (139 km) west north west of Slyme Head, Shetland Islands, United Kingdom by SM UC-22 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [198]
FuchsiaCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The trawler was shelled and sunk in the North Sea ( 56°07′N0°30′E / 56.117°N 0.500°E / 56.117; 0.500 ) by SM U-45 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her nine crew were taken as prisoners of war. [199]
MarjorieCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The fishing smack was scuttled in the North Sea off Norfolk by SM UB-12 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [200]
HMT Orsino Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy World War I: The naval trawler was shelled and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean north of Strathie Point, Sutherland ( 58°40′N4°05′W / 58.667°N 4.083°W / 58.667; -4.083 ) by SM U-55 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of six crew. [201]
Rolf Jarl Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 10 nautical miles (19 km) off Alexandrosk, Russia by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [202]

29 September

List of shipwrecks: 29 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Knut Jarl Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea off Vardø, Finnmark ( 69°38′N33°16′E / 69.633°N 33.267°E / 69.633; 33.267 ) by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [203]
Nesjar Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) north west of Zyp-Navolok, Russia ( 69°38′N33°16′E / 69.633°N 33.267°E / 69.633; 33.267 ) by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [204]
NornenFlag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The sailing vessel was sunk in the North Sea ( 56°15′N3°34′E / 56.250°N 3.567°E / 56.250; 3.567 ) by SM U-49 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [205]
Ravn Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 7 nautical miles (13 km) off Kildin Island, Russia by SM U-46 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy) with the loss of ten crew. [206]
Sinsen Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Barents Sea 8 nautical miles (15 km) off the Lineberka Lightship (flag unknown) ( 69°05′N34°50′E / 69.083°N 34.833°E / 69.083; 34.833 ) by SM U-46 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [207]
Venus Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Mediterranean Sea 20 nautical miles (37 km) off Cape San Antonio, Spain by SM U-35 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [208]
Viola Flag of Sweden.svg  Sweden The cargo ship was run into by another vessel and sank in the English Channel off St Helen's, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom. [178]

30 September

List of shipwrecks: 30 September 1916
ShipStateDescription
Fancy Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The cargo ship was sunk in the Barents Sea 6 nautical miles (11 km) south east of Shipnavalok, Russia by SM U-43 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [209]
Hafnia Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was scuttled in the Barents Sea 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) north of the Rybatchi Peninsula, Russia by SM U-46 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [210]
Hekla Flag of Norway.svg  Norway World War I: The coaster was sunk in the Barents Sea 30 nautical miles (56 km) off Kilberg, by SM U-46 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [211]
Irma Flag of France.svg  France World War I: The cargo ship was torpedoed and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean off Wolf Rock, Cornwall, United Kingdom ( 49°29′N5°42′W / 49.483°N 5.700°W / 49.483; -5.700 ) by SM UB-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). [212] [213]
Maywood Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The cargo ship struck a mine and sank in the English Channel off Le Havre, Seine-Inférieure, France. Her crew survived. [214]
Pearl Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The schooner was scuttled in the English Channel 6 nautical miles (11 km) south south east of The Lizard, Cornwall ( 49°53′N5°06′W / 49.883°N 5.100°W / 49.883; -5.100 ) by SM UB-38 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [215]
William George Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom World War I: The schooner was shelled and sunk in the English Channel 10 nautical miles (19 km) north north east of Cap de la Hague, Manche, France by SM UC-26 (War Ensign of Germany 1903-1918.svg  Imperial German Navy). Her crew survived. [216]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date 1916
ShipStateDescription
BerthaFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The 9-gross register ton, 30.7-foot (9.4 m) fishing vessel sank in Klag Bay ( 57°38′N136°06′W / 57.633°N 136.100°W / 57.633; -136.100 (Klag Bay) ) in Southeast Alaska. The only person aboard survived. [24]
Bremen Flag of the German Empire.svg  Germany The merchant submarine departed Bremerhaven in September 1916 for Norfolk, Virginia, United States. No further trace, lost with all hands.
Gustave Vigeland Flag of Norway.svg  Norway The cargo ship ran aground off the Longstone Lighthouse, Northumberland, United Kingdom. She later broke up and sank. [217]
Norden Flag of Russia.svg  Russia The barque was set afire and abandoned in the Atlantic Ocean sometime before 10 September. [218]
OnwardFlag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States The 13  GRT, 42.6-foot (13.0 m) motor towing vessel sank at Sheep Creek, Territory of Alaska. [219]
USS Stockton Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Navy The decommissioned torpedo boat was sunk as a target by battleships and destroyers of the United States Atlantic Fleet (Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Navy).

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  188. ↑ "HMT Sarah Alice". Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  189. ↑ "Stathe". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  190. ↑ "St. Gothard". Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  191. ↑ "Thelma". Uboat.net. Retrieved 27 September 2012.
  192. 1 2 "Casualty reports". The Times. No. 41285. London. 29 September 1916. col F, p. 13.
  193. ↑ "Rallus". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  194. ↑ "Secondo". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  195. ↑ "Thurso". Uboat.net. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  196. ↑ "Vindeggan". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  197. ↑ "Emanuel". Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  198. ↑ "Emma". Uboat.net. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
  199. ↑ "Fuchsia". Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  200. ↑ "Marjorie". Uboat.net. Retrieved 28 October 2012.
  201. ↑ "HMT Orsino". Uboat.net. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
  202. ↑ "Rolf Jarl". Uboat.net. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  203. ↑ "Knut Jarl". Uboat.net. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  204. ↑ "Nesjar". Uboat.net. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  205. ↑ "Nornen". Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 October 2012.
  206. ↑ "Ravn". Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  207. ↑ "Sinsen". Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  208. ↑ "Venus". Uboat.net. Retrieved 3 October 2012.
  209. ↑ "Fancy". Uboat.net. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  210. ↑ "Hafnia". Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  211. ↑ "Hekla". Uboat.net. Retrieved 8 October 2012.
  212. ↑ "Irma". Uboat.net. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
  213. ↑ "Irma (5614530)" . Miramar Ship Index . Retrieved 25 September 2012.
  214. ↑ "Maywood". Uboat.net. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  215. ↑ "Pearl". Uboat.net. Retrieved 4 November 2012.
  216. ↑ "William George". Uboat.net. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
  217. ↑ "Casualty reports". The Times. No. 41273. London. 15 September 1916. col F, p. 2.
  218. ↑ "Casualty reports". The Times. No. 41270. London. 12 September 1916. col E, p. 13.
  219. ↑ alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (O)
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