Main School | |
Location | 45 Mountain Ave., Hillburn, New York |
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Coordinates | 41°07′30″N74°10′11″W / 41.12500°N 74.16972°W |
Area | 1.92 acres (0.78 ha) |
Built | 1912 |
Architect | Charles Hoar |
Architectural style | Colonial Revival |
NRHP reference No. | 15000516 [1] |
Added to NRHP | August 5, 2015 |
Main School, also known as the Suffern Central School District Administration Building, is a historic school building located at Hillburn, Rockland County, New York. It was built in 1912, and is a two-story hollow tile and concrete building covered in stucco and set on a raised basement. The building features Colonial Revival style design elements and originally housed eight classrooms. In 1943, it was the focus of a prominent school desegregation battle, following the overturning of New York State's segregation law in 1938. [2]
In 1943, the attorney Thurgood Marshall won a disparity case regarding integration of the schools of Hillburn, 11 years before his landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education . He represented the village's African-American parents. In 2010, the state legislature designated May 17 as Thurgood Marshall Day in honor of his work in civil rights. Mixed-race children who lived in the town of Ramapo attended the Brook School in Hillburn, a wood structure that did not have a library, indoor bathrooms or gymnasium. The Main School was reserved for white children and included a gymnasium, a library and indoor plumbing.
It is now used as the headquarters of the Suffern Central School District. The Rockland African Diaspora Heritage Center in Pomona, New York, has an exhibit of artifacts and photographs loaned by a student who attended the Brook School. The student went on to college, and eventually taught English and history.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. [1] [3]
Rockland County is the southernmost county on the west side of the Hudson River in the U.S. state of New York. It is part of the New York metropolitan area. The county's population, as of the 2020 United States Census, is 338,329, making it the state's third-most densely populated county outside New York City. The county seat and largest city is New City. Rockland County is accessible via the New York State Thruway, which crosses the Hudson to Westchester at the Tappan Zee Bridge ten exits up from the NYC border, as well as the Palisades Parkway five exits up from the George Washington Bridge. The county's name derives from "rocky land", as the area has been aptly described, largely due to the Hudson River Palisades.
Hillburn, originally called "Woodburn" and incorporated in 1893, is a village in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Suffern, east of Orange County, south of Viola, and west of Montebello. It is considered to be one of the more rural communities in Rockland County. The population was 951 at the 2010 census.
Ramapo is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States. It was originally formed as New Hampstead, in 1791, and became Ramapo in 1828. It shares its name with the Ramapo River. As of the 2020 census, Ramapo had a total population of 148,919, making it the most populous town in New York outside of Long Island. If Ramapo were incorporated as a city, it would be the sixth-largest city in the state of New York.
Suffern is a village that was incorporated in 1796 in the town of Ramapo in Rockland County, New York. Suffern is located 31 miles northwest of Manhattan. As of the 2010 census, Suffern's population was 10,723.
Rockland Community College (RCC) is a public community college in the town of Ramapo, New York in Rockland County. It is part of the State University of New York. The college, established in 1959, became the 18th community college to join the SUNY system. The college offers 51 programs and offers associate degrees and certificates. Additionally, students can earn other degrees, including Bachelor of Arts, Bachelor of Science, and Master of Arts in the arts and sciences, Doctoral Program in Executive Leadership (EdD), technology, and health professions while attending classes at Rockland through articulation programs with four-year schools. The current enrollment is 6,859 students.
New York State Route 59 (NY 59) is an east–west state highway in southern Rockland County, New York, in the United States. The route extends for 14.08 miles (22.66 km) from NY 17 in Hillburn to U.S. Route 9W (US 9W) in Nyack. In Suffern, it has a concurrency with US 202 for 0.05 miles (0.08 km). NY 59 runs parallel to the New York State Thruway its entire route. The routing of NY 59 became a state highway in 1911 and was signed as NY 59 in the late 1920s.
The Florida Gymnasium is a historic building located on the campus of the University of Florida (UF) in Gainesville. It opened in 1949 as a 7,000-seat multi-purpose arena and served as the home court of the Florida Gators men's basketball team and other UF indoor sports programs for over thirty years, acquiring the nickname of "Alligator Alley" during that time.
Suffern High School is a public high school in the Suffern Central School District located in Suffern, New York. The school's mascot is a mountain lion (Mountie). Its yearbook is the Panorama. In 2015, Newsweek magazine ranked Suffern High in the top 500 high schools in the United States at number 439.
Twelfth Street YMCA Building, also known as Anthony Bowen YMCA, was home to the first African American chapter of YMCA, founded in 1853 by Anthony Bowen. It is located at 1816 12th Street NW in the U Street Corridor (Cardozo/Shaw) neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The building was reopened on February 20, 2000, as the Thurgood Marshall Center in honor of the first African American Associate Justice to serve on the United States Supreme Court. The Thurgood Marshall Center now serves as a community center for residents of the U Street Corridor and Shaw neighborhoods. The permanent organization of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity was established in the Bowen Room.
The U.S. Post Office in Suffern, New York, is located on Chestnut Street between NY 59 and US 202, on the northern edge of the village's downtown business district. It serves the ZIP Code 10901, covering the village of Suffern.
Suffern Central School District, formerly the Ramapo Central School District, is a school district headquartered in Hillburn, a village in the Town of Ramapo in Rockland County, New York, United States located north of Suffern; east of Orange County, New York; south of Viola and west of Montebello.
Former Niagara Falls High School is a historic high school located at Niagara Falls in Niagara County, New York, USA. It was built in 1923 and added to the existing gymnasium structure, and designed by local architect Simon Larke, who also designed the James G. Marshall House. The original structure is in the Neoclassical revival style. An addition was constructed in 1963.
Brook Chapel is a historic chapel located at Hillburn in Rockland County, New York, USA. It was built in 1893 and is a light frame "L" shaped, gable roofed structure expanded to its current size in the first half of the 20th century. At the time of the expansion, it acquired its Gothic Revival style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.
Torne Brook Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Ramapo in Rockland County, New York. The complex consists of the mansion built about 1872 in the High Victorian Gothic style, eight contributing and related outbuildings, and one contributing structure. The main block of the mansion is a 2-story wood-frame dwelling on a cut-stone foundation. It features a mansard roof. Also on the property are a large 1+1⁄2-story frame barn, frame carriage house, caretaker's cottage, chicken coops, and a kennel.
John A. DeBaun Mill is a historic grist mill located at Tallman in Rockland County, New York. It was built about 1845 and is a two-story, four by two bay, heavy timber frame, clapboard sheathed main block on a rubble stone foundation. The main block is flanked by large shed roofed one story wings. The property includes the mill building, a portion of the mill stream, and the site of the mill pond. It regularly functioned as a mill until 1906.
Tappan Historic District is a national historic district located at Tappan in Rockland County, New York. It encompasses 26 contributing buildings and three contributing sites. The district consists of 30 properties that reflect the historic commercial and residential core of the late 18th and 19th century village of Tappan. The Reformed Church of Tappan, The Old 76 House, Borcher's Stable and The Burton Store are located within the district boundaries.
Brook School was a grammar school located in Hillburn, New York, in the Ramapo Central School District.. The school was an all-black school, which parents fought to desegregate in the early 1930s and again in 1943.,. Thurgood Marshall was hired by the NAACP to desegregate the school. Thurgood Marshall won a disparity case regarding integration of the schools of Hillburn, 11 years before his landmark case of Brown v. Board of Education, on behalf of the village's African-American parents. Leonard M. Alexander and Peter C. Alexander, "It Takes a Village: The Integration of the Hillburn School System. Page Publishing, 2014 (ISBN 978-1-63417-331-5).
Stony Point District School No. 4, also known as the Pyngyp School, is a historic one-room school building located near Stony Point in Rockland County, New York. It was built about 1915, and is a one-story, rectangular wood-frame building with modest Gothic style detailing. It has a steeply pitched gable roof topped by belfry and two entry doors. A rear frame addition was constructed in the 1970s. The school closed in 1945, after which it was used as a community center.
Rockland Road Bridge Historic District is a national historic district located at Piermont in Rockland County, New York. The district encompasses 12 contributing buildings and 8 contributing structures in the village of Piermont. It developed between about 1785 and 1940, and includes representative examples of Federal, Greek Revival, Italianate, and Second Empire style architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed William Ferdon House, Haddock's Hall, and the Rockland Road Bridge. Other notable buildings and structures include the Sparkill Pump House and Dam, "Protection Engine Company", and The Mine Hole.
Lincoln School is a historic elementary school building located at Hornell, Steuben County, New York. It was built in 1923–1924, and is a three-story, Neoclassical revival style dark brick building. It has a flat roof and brick and terra cotta trim. Attached to the main block is a two-story addition containing a combined gymnasium and auditorium. It served as a neighborhood elementary school until 1979 and as an office building until 2012.