Methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol beta-D-glucosyltransferase

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methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol beta-D-glucosyltransferase
Identifiers
EC no. 2.4.1.171
CAS no. 99283-65-5
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In enzymology, a methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol beta-D-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.171) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-glucose + methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol UDP + cycasin

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol, whereas its two products are UDP and cycasin.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:methyl-ONN-azoxymethanol beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include cycasin synthase, uridine diphosphoglucose-methylazoxymethanol glucosyltransferase, and UDP-glucose-methylazoxymethanol glucosyltransferase.

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Zamia staggers is a fatal nervous disease affecting cattle in areas where they browse on the leaves or fruit of cycads—in particular, those of the genus Zamia. It is characterised by irreversible paralysis of the hind legs because of the degeneration of the spinal cord. It is caused by the toxins cycasin and macrozamin, β-glycosides of methylazoxymethanol (MAM), and which are found in all cycad genera.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cycasin</span> Chemical compound

Cycasin is a carcinogenic and neurotoxic glucoside found in cycads such as Cycas revoluta and Zamia pumila. Symptoms of poisoning include vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, seizures, and hepatotoxicity. In metabolic conditions, cycasin is hydrolyzed into glucose and methylazoxymethanol (MAM), the latter of which dissociates into formaldehyde and diazomethane.

References


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