Ramazzottius

Ramazzottius
Light micrographs of Ramazzottius varieornatus in its active state (A) and the cryptobiotic tun state (B) [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Tardigrada
Class:	Eutardigrada
Order:	Parachela
Family:	Hypsibiidae
Genus:	Ramazzottius Binda and Pilato, 1987
Species
see text

Ramazzottius is a genus of water bear or moss piglet, a tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada, named after the Italian zoologist Giuseppe Ramazzotti.

Ramazzottius varieornatus (see image) is a terrestrial invertebrate that is extroardinarily tolerant of extreme conditions such as irradiation, chemicals, dehydration and high pressure. ^[2] This tolerance is linked to the presence of the damage suppressor protein (Dsup) that binds to nucleosomes providing tolerance to DNA damage, such as that caused by ionizing radiation or hydroxyl radicals. ^{[2] [3]}

Species

• Ramazzottius affinis Bertolani, Guidetti and Rebecchi, 1993
• Ramazzottius andreevi Biserov 1998
• Ramazzottius anomalus Ramazzotti, 1962
• Ramazzottius baumanni Ramazzotti, 1962
• Ramazzottius bunikowskae Kaczmarek, Michalczyk & Diduszko 2006
• Ramazzottius cataphractus Maucci, 1974
• Ramazzottius caucasicus Biserov 1998
• Ramazzottius edmondabouti Séméria, 1993
• Ramazzottius horningi Binda and Pilato, 1995
• Ramazzottius ljudmilae Biserov 1998
• Ramazzottius montivagus Dastych, 1983
• Ramazzottius novemcinctus Marcus, 1936
• Ramazzottius oberhaeuseri Doyére 1840
• Ramazzottius rupeus Biserov, 1999
• Ramazzottius saltensis Claps and Rossi, 1984
• Ramazzottius semisculptus Pilato and Rebecchi, 1992
• Ramazzottius subanomalus Biserov, 1985
• Ramazzottius szeptycki Dastych, 1980
• Ramazzottius theroni Dastych, 1993
• Ramazzottius thulini Pilato, 1970
• Ramazzottius tribulosus Bertolani and Rebecchi, 1988
• Ramazzottius valaamis Biserov & Tumanov 1993
• Ramazzottius varieornatus  [ sv ]Bertolani and Kinchin, 1993

References

1. Neves, Ricardo Cardoso; Hvidepil, Lykke K. B.; Sørensen-Hygum, Thomas L.; Stuart, Robyn M.; Møbjerg, Nadja (9 January 2020). "Thermotolerance experiments on active and desiccated states of Ramazzottius varieornatus emphasize that tardigrades are sensitive to high temperatures". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 94. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10...94N. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56965-z. ISSN   2045-2322. PMC   6952461 . PMID   31919388.
2. Ricci C, Riolo G, Marzocchi C, Brunetti J, Pini A, Cantara S (September 2021). "The Tardigrade Damage Suppressor Protein Modulates Transcription Factor and DNA Repair Genes in Human Cells Treated with Hydroxyl Radicals and UV-C". Biology. 10 (10): 970. doi: 10.3390/biology10100970 . PMC   8533384 . PMID   34681069.
3. Chavez C, Cruz-Becerra G, Fei J, Kassavetis GA, Kadonaga JT (October 2019). "The tardigrade damage suppressor protein binds to nucleosomes and protects DNA from hydroxyl radicals". eLife. 8 e47682. doi: 10.7554/eLife.47682 . PMC   6773438 . PMID   31571581.

Further reading

• Biserov, V.I. (1998). "Tardigrades of the Caucasus with a taxonomic analysis of the genus Ramazzottius (Parachela: Hypsibiidae)". Zoologischer Anzeiger. 236: 139–159.
• Biserov, V.I.; Tumanov, D.V. (1993). "Ramazzottius valaamis sp. n.(Tardigrada, Hypsibiidae), a new species of Tardigrads from Valaam Island, Karelia, Russia". Zoologičeskij žurnal. 72 (11): 35–39.
• Doyére, L.M. (1840). "Memoire sur les Tardigrades. I". Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Paris. Série 2. 14: 269–362.
• Kaczmarek Ł, Michalczyk Ł, Diduszko D (June 2006). "Ramazzottius bunikowskae, a new species of Tardigrada (Eutardigrada, Hypsibiidae) from Russia" . Zootaxa. 1229 (1): 49–57. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1229.1.4.