Sevenoaks (UK Parliament constituency)

Last updated

Sevenoaks
County constituency
for the House of Commons
Sevenoaks (UK Parliament constituency)
Boundaries since 2024
South East England - Sevenoaks constituency.svg
Boundary of Sevenoaks in South East England
County Kent
Electorate 73,684 (2023) [1]
Major settlements Sevenoaks, Swanley, Otford, Westerham
Current constituency
Created 1885
Member of Parliament Laura Trott (Conservative)
SeatsOne
Created from West Kent

Sevenoaks is a constituency in Kent represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2019 by Laura Trott, a Conservative who currently serves as Shadow Secretary of State for Education. She was Chief Secretary to the Treasury from November 2023 to July 2024. The seat was previously held by Michael Fallon, who served as Secretary of State for Defence from 2014 to 2017.

Contents

History

This constituency has existed since the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885.

With the exception of the one-year Parliament in 1923, the constituency has to date been a Conservative stronghold.

1885–1950

Sir Thomas Jewell Bennett before entering Parliament was a leader writer at The Standard and lived in India for many years, working at the Bombay Gazette before becoming both editor and principal proprietor of the Times of India. Bennett returned to England in 1901 and in 1910 unsuccessfully contested his first Parliamentary election, losing to Alfred Gelder at the time of David Lloyd George and H. H. Asquith's celebrated "People's Budget". He represented the seat for five years from 1918.

Higher in government in this period was Hilton Young, the Health Secretary between 1931 and 1935. The health portfolio at the time included responsibility for housing, including slum clearance and rehousing. Key items of legislation to which he contributed in this period were: the Town and Country Planning Act (1932) (which applied to all 'developable' land), the Housing Act (1935) (which laid down standards of accommodation) [2] and the Restriction of Ribbon Development Act (1935) (which sought to consolidate urban development and restrict ribbon sprawl along major highways). [3]

1950–date

Since 1950 the highest government position has been that of Michael Fallon, who was appointed Secretary of State for Defence in 2014 under Prime Minister David Cameron. Fallon held the office until he resigned on 1 November 2017 in the light of allegations of inappropriate behaviour of a sexual nature, before retiring prior to the 2019 general election.

Boundaries

Sevenoaks (UK Parliament constituency)
Map of 2010–2024 boundaries

1918–1950: The Urban Districts of Sevenoaks and Wrotham, and the Rural Districts of Malling and Sevenoaks.

1950–1974: The Urban District of Sevenoaks, and the Rural Districts of Malling and Sevenoaks.

1974–1983: The Urban District of Sevenoaks, the Rural District of Sevenoaks as altered by the Greater London Kent and Surrey Order 1968, and in the Rural District of Dartford the civil parishes of Ash-cum-Ridley, Eynsford, Farningham, Fawkham, Hartley, Horton Kirby, Longfield, Swanley, and West Kingsdown.

1983–1997: The District of Sevenoaks wards of Brasted, Chevening, Crockenhill and Lullingstone, Dunton Green, Eynsford, Farningham, Halstead Knockholt and Badgers Mount, Hextable and Swanley Village, Kemsing, Leigh, Otford, Penshurst and Fordcombe, Riverhead, Seal, Sevenoaks Kippington, Sevenoaks Northern, Sevenoaks Town and St John's, Sevenoaks Weald and Underriver, Sevenoaks Wildernesse, Shoreham, Somerdon, Sundridge and Ide Hill, Swanley Christchurch, Swanley St Mary's, Swanley White Oak, Westerham and Crockham, and West Kingsdown.

1997–2010: The District of Sevenoaks wards of Ash-cum-Ridley, Brasted, Chevening, Crockenhill and Lullingstone, Dunton Green, Eynsford, Farningham, Halstead Knockholt and Badgers Mount, Hextable and Swanley Village, Kemsing, Otford, Riverhead, Seal, Sevenoaks Kippington, Sevenoaks Northern, Sevenoaks Town and St John's, Sevenoaks Weald and Underriver, Sevenoaks Wildernesse, Shoreham, Sundridge and Ide Hill, Swanley Christchurch, Swanley St Mary's, Swanley White Oak, Westerham and Crockham, and West Kingsdown.

2010–2024: The District of Sevenoaks wards of Ash, Brasted, Chevening and Sundridge, Crockenhill and Well Hill, Dunton Green and Riverhead, Eynsford, Farningham, Horton Kirby and South Darenth, Fawkham and West Kingsdown, Halstead, Knockholt and Badgers Mount, Hextable, Kemsing, Otford and Shoreham, Seal and Weald, Sevenoaks Eastern, Sevenoaks Kippington, Sevenoaks Northern, Sevenoaks Town and St John's, Swanley Christchurch and Swanley Village, Swanley St Mary's, Swanley White Oak, and Westerham and Crockham Hill.

2024–present: Further to the 2023 periodic review of Westminster constituencies which came into effect for the 2024 general election, the constituency is composed of the following (as they existed on 1 December 2020):

Minor changes, with the addition of the Wilmington, Sutton-at-Hone & Hawley ward from Dartford being offset by the transfer of the Ash & New Ash Green ward to the re-established constituency of Tonbridge.

Constituency profile

The seat is in mainstay London Commuter Belt territory, which supports a relatively high-income local economy with retail and self-employed trades principally benefiting. Sevenoaks constituency covers the towns of Sevenoaks and Swanley in Kent and some of the surrounding area. The Conservatives currently hold a majority in the District, but all the councillors for Sevenoaks Town wards are Liberal Democrats who also have a majority in the wards of Brasted, Chevening and Sundridge, and hold Leigh and Chiddingstone Causeway and Penshurst, Fordcombe and Chiddingstone. There are also three independent councillors and four Green Party councillors (New Ash Green and Eynsford). [5]

In statistics

The constituency consists of Census Output Areas of one local government districts with a working population whose income is higher than the national average and lower than average reliance upon social housing. [6] At the end of 2012 the unemployment rate in the constituency stood as 1.7% of the population claiming jobseekers allowance, compared to the regional average of 2.4%. [7] The borough contributing to the bulk of the seat has a low 13.1% of its population without a car, 19.2% of the population without qualifications and a high 32.0% with level 4 qualifications or above. In terms of tenure 72.7% of homes are owned outright or on a mortgage by occupants as at the 2011 census across the district. [8]

Electoral Calculus categorises the seat as being part of the “Strong Right” demographic, those who have fiscally conservative views on the economy but are also fairly nationalist and socially conservative, alongside strong support for Brexit. Additionally, the gross household income is £53,612 whilst the average house price is £567,313. [9]

Members of Parliament

West Kent prior to 1885

ElectionMember [10] Party
1885 Charles Mills Conservative
1892 Henry Forster Conservative
1918 Sir Thomas Bennett Coalition Conservative
1923 Ronald Williams Liberal
1924 Walter Styles Conservative
1929 Sir Hilton Young Conservative
1935 Sir Charles Ponsonby Conservative
1950 Sir John Rodgers Conservative
1979 Mark Wolfson Conservative
1997 Sir Michael Fallon Conservative
2019 Laura Trott Conservative

Elections

Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Sevenoaks [11]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Laura Trott 18,328 36.7 −25.0
Liberal Democrats Richard Streatfeild12,88825.8+6.4
Reform UK James Milmine9,34118.7N/A
Labour Denise Scott-McDonald6,80213.6+0.1
Green Laura Manston2,0334.1+0.7
Rejoin EU Elwyn Jones2980.6N/A
SDP Adam Hibbert2090.4N/A
Majority5,44010.9–31.4
Turnout 49,89967.9–2.0
Registered electors 73,708
Conservative hold Swing –15.7

Elections in the 2010s

2019 notional result [12]
PartyVote %
Conservative 31,78061.7
Liberal Democrats 9,98719.4
Labour 6,95813.5
Green 1,7733.4
Others9901.9
Turnout51,48869.9
Electorate73,684
General election 2019: Sevenoaks [13]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Laura Trott 30,932 60.7 −3.0
Liberal Democrats Gareth Willis10,11419.8+11.4
Labour Seamus McCauley6,94613.6−7.3
Green Paul Wharton1,9743.9+0.6
Independent Paulette Furse6951.4New
Libertarian Sean Finch2950.6New
Majority20,81840.9−1.9
Turnout 50,95671.0−1.1
Conservative hold Swing
General election 2017: Sevenoaks [14]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 32,644 63.7 +6.8
Labour Chris Clark10,72720.9+8.0
Liberal Democrats Alan Bullion4,2808.4+0.5
UKIP Graham Cushway1,8943.7−14.2
Green Philip Dodd1,6733.3−1.2
Majority21,91742.8+3.8
Turnout 51,21872.1+1.2
Conservative hold Swing
General election 2015: Sevenoaks [15]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 28,531 56.9 +0.1
UKIP Steve Lindsay [16] 8,97017.9+14.3
Labour Chris Clark6,44812.9−0.3
Liberal Democrats Alan Bullion3,9377.9−13.5
Green Amelie Boleyn2,2384.5New
Majority19,56139.0+3.6
Turnout 50,12470.9−0.2
Conservative hold Swing −7.1
General election 2010: Sevenoaks [17] [18]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 28,076 56.8 +5.0
Liberal Democrats Alan Bullion10,56121.4−0.5
Labour Gareth Siddorn6,54113.2−7.8
UKIP Christopher Heath1,7823.6+0.6
BNP Paul Golding 1,3842.8New
English Democrat Louise Uncles8061.6−0.1
Independent Mark Ellis2580.5New
Majority17,51535.4+5.5
Turnout 49,40871.1+12.4
Conservative hold Swing +2.8

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Sevenoaks [19]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 22,437 51.8 +2.4
Liberal Democrats Ben Abbotts9,46721.9+0.3
Labour Tim Stanley 9,10121.0−4.6
UKIP Robert Dobson1,3093.0+0.3
English Democrat John Marshall7511.7New
United Kingdom PathfindersMark Ellis2330.5−0.2
Majority12,97029.9+6.1
Turnout 43,29858.7−5.2
Conservative hold Swing
General election 2001: Sevenoaks [20]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 21,052 49.4 +4.0
Labour Caroline Humphreys10,89825.6+1.0
Liberal Democrats Clive Gray9,21421.6−2.5
UKIP Lisa Hawkins1,1552.7New
United Kingdom PathfindersMark Ellis2950.7New
Majority10,15423.8+3.0
Turnout 42,61463.9−11.5
Conservative hold Swing +1.5

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Sevenoaks [21] [22]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Michael Fallon 22,776 45.4 −12.1
Labour John Hayes12,31524.6+8.2
Liberal Democrats Roger Walshe12,08624.1−0.3
Referendum Nigel Large2,1384.3New
Green Margot Lawrence4430.9−0.5
PathfindersMark Ellis2440.5New
Natural Law Alex Hankey1470.3−0.1
Majority10,46120.8−12.7
Turnout 50,15175.4−5.9
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1992: Sevenoaks [23] [24]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Mark Wolfson 33,245 57.5 −1.4
Liberal Democrats Roger Walshe14,09124.4−3.5
Labour J. Evans9,47016.4+3.2
Green Margot Lawrence7861.4New
Natural Law P. Wakeling2100.4New
Majority19,15433.1+2.1
Turnout 57,80281.3+4.9
Conservative hold Swing +1.1

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Sevenoaks [25] [26]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Mark Wolfson 32,945 58.9 +0.5
Liberal Stephen Jakobi 15,60027.9−0.7
Labour Graham Green7,37913.2+1.0
Majority17,34531.0+1.2
Turnout 55,92376.4−2.7
Conservative hold Swing +0.6
General election 1983: Sevenoaks [27] [28]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Mark Wolfson 30,722 58.4 +1.0
Liberal Stephen Jakobi 15,06128.6+10.1
Labour Roland Gooding6,43912.2−12.6
National Front G. L. Burnett4160.8−0.5
Majority15,70629.8−4.8
Turnout 52,59673.7−5.3
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Sevenoaks [29]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Mark Wolfson 36,697 57.39 +10.4
Labour R. H. Redden14,58322.81−3.73
Liberal G. Phillips11,83918.52−7.95
National Front Michael Easter8211.28New
Majority22,11434.58+14.13
Turnout 63,94278.98+3.27
Conservative hold Swing +7.07
General election October 1974: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 26,670 46.99 −1.37
Labour James Scanlan15,06526.54+2.33
Liberal Robert Webster15,02426.47+0.26
Majority11,60520.45−1.7
Turnout 56,75975.71−7.69
Conservative hold Swing
General election February 1974: Sevenoaks [30]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 29,963 48.36 −5.77
Liberal Ian Bradley 16,22326.21+5.85
Labour J. Scanlan14,98724.21−1.28
Independent D. J. Woolard7541.22New
Majority13,71322.15−6.49
Turnout 61,89883.4+10.4
Conservative hold Swing
General election 1970: Sevenoaks: [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 32,654 54.13 +3.63
Labour John Ovenden 15,37625.49−6.83
Liberal Robert Webster12,29020.37+3.19
Majority17,27828.64+8.46
Turnout 60,32073.0−6.19
Conservative hold Swing +5.2

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 28,651 50.5 −1.53
Labour Peter Pearce18,33832.32+5.18
Liberal Noel Blackburn9,74617.18−3.65
Majority10,31318.18−6.71
Turnout 56,73579.190.89
Conservative hold Swing +3.3
General election 1964: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 28,678 52.03 −4.04
Labour Peter Pearce14,95827.14−1.24
Liberal Nelia Penman 11,48020.83+5.28
Majority13,72024.89−2.8
Turnout 55,11680.09−0.08
Conservative hold Swing -1.4

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 28,186 56.07 −5.77
Labour Roderick Ogley14,26528.38−9.78
Liberal Nelia Penman 7,81915.55New
Majority13,92127.69+4.01
Turnout 50,27080.17+2.1
Conservative hold Swing +2.0
General election 1955: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 28,936 61.84 +1.47
Labour John N. Powrie17,85838.16−1.47
Majority11,07823.68+2.94
Turnout 46,79478.07−3.39
Conservative hold Swing +1.47
General election 1951: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 28,668 60.37 +8.62
Labour John N. Powrie18,82339.63+3.6
Majority9,84520.74+5.02
Turnout 47,49181.46−3.44
Conservative hold Swing +2.5
General election 1950: Sevenoaks [31]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative John Rodgers 25,292 51.75 +6.14
Labour J. Spencer17,61036.03−0.05
Liberal Edward Moulton-Barrett5,96912.21−4.46
Majority7,68215.72+6.19
Turnout 48,87184.9+10.6
Conservative hold Swing +3.1

Elections in the 1940s

General election 1945: Sevenoaks [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Ponsonby 18,893 45.61 −21.89
Labour John Pudney 14,94736.08New
Liberal Nelia Muspratt 6,90616.67−15.83
Communist K. Thompson6761.63New
Majority3,9469.53−25.5
Turnout 41,42273.6+8.3
Conservative hold Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General election 1935: Sevenoaks [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Ponsonby 21,405 67.5 N/A
Liberal John Horridge 10,29732.5New
Majority11,10835.0N/A
Turnout 31,70265.3N/A
Conservative hold
1935 Sevenoaks by-election [32]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Ponsonby Unopposed N/AN/A
Conservative hold
General election 1931: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Hilton Young Unopposed N/AN/A
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Hilton Young 16,767 53.7 −8.2
Liberal Edgar Stratton Liddiard7,84425.1−13.0
Labour Hamilton Fyfe 6,63421.2New
Majority8,92328.6+4.8
Turnout 31,24571.6−3.2
Registered electors 43,627
Unionist hold Swing +2.4
General election 1924: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Walter Styles 15,125 61.9 +13.5
Liberal Ronald Williams 9,31138.1−13.5
Majority5,81423.8N/A
Turnout 24,43674.8+10.4
Registered electors 32,660
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing +13.5
General election 1923: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Liberal Ronald Williams 10,656 51.6 New
Unionist Thomas Jewell Bennett 9,98748.4−15.4
Majority6693.2N/A
Turnout 20,64364.4+3.5
Registered electors 32,078
Liberal gain from Unionist Swing N/A
General election 1922: Sevenoaks
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Thomas Jewell Bennett 12,045 63.8 −12.4
Labour L. A. Goldie6,84936.2New
Majority5,19627.6−24.8
Turnout 18,89460.9+14.6
Registered electors 31,000
Unionist hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1910s

General election 1918: Sevenoaks [33]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Thomas Jewell Bennett 10,65076.2N/A
Independent Labour John Ephraim Skinner3,32323.8New
Majority7,32752.4N/A
Turnout 13,97346.3N/A
Registered electors 30,189
Unionist hold Swing N/A
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Election results 1885–1918

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Sevenoaks [34] [35] [36]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Mills 4,651 54.0
Liberal Patteson Nickalls 3,95646.0
Majority6958.0
Turnout 8,60777.6
Registered electors 11,089
Conservative win (new seat)
General election 1886: Sevenoaks [34] [35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Charles Mills Unopposed
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Sevenoaks [34] [35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster 6,036 60.7 N/A
Liberal Thomas Johnston3,90839.3New
Majority2,12821.4N/A
Turnout 9,94471.5N/A
Registered electors 13,916
Conservative hold Swing N/A
General election 1895: Sevenoaks [34] [35] [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster Unopposed
Conservative hold

Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Sevenoaks [34] [35] [37]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster 6,604 78.7 N/A
Liberal Murray Spencer Richardson1,79221.3New
Majority4,81257.4N/A
Turnout 8,39656.5N/A
Registered electors 14,861
Conservative hold Swing N/A
1902 Sevenoaks by-election [34] [35] [38]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster 5,333 54.6 −24.1
Liberal Beaumont Morice4,44245.4+24.1
Majority8919.2−48.2
Turnout 9,77563.4+6.9
Registered electors 15,420
Conservative hold Swing -24.1
General election 1906: Sevenoaks [34] [35]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster 7,219 51.1 −27.6
Liberal Beaumont Morice6,85548.6+27.3
Independent Liberal Murray Spencer Richardson440.3New
Majority3642.5−54.9
Turnout 14,11881.8+25.3
Registered electors 17,256
Conservative hold Swing −27.5

Elections in the 1910s

Forster Henry Forster, 1st Baron Forster circa 1925.jpg
Forster
General election January 1910: Sevenoaks [34] [39]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster 10,421 62.1 +11.0
Liberal Frederic Styles Philpin Lely 6,35137.9−10.7
Majority4,07024.2+21.7
Turnout 16,77288.1+6.3
Registered electors 19,035
Conservative hold Swing +11.0
General election December 1910: Sevenoaks [34] [39]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Conservative Henry Forster Unopposed
Conservative hold

General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

See also

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References

Specific
  1. ↑ "The 2023 Review of Parliamentary Constituency Boundaries in England – Volume two: Constituency names, designations and composition – South East". Boundary Commission for England. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  2. ↑ Young, W. (1971), p.1089.
  3. ↑ Sheail, J. (1979), The Restriction of Ribbon Development Act: The character and perception of land-use control in inter-war Britain, Regional Studies, 13: 6, 501–12.
  4. ↑ "The Parliamentary Constituencies Order 2023". Schedule 1 Part 6 South East region.
  5. ↑ "Sevenoaks result - Local Elections 2023". BBC News.
  6. ↑ "Local statistics – Office for National Statistics". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  7. ↑ Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
  8. ↑ 2011 census interactive maps Archived 29 January 2016 at the Wayback Machine
  9. ↑ "The Electoral Calculus' profile of Sevenoaks". Electoral Calculus. Retrieved 11 June 2024.
  10. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 2)
  11. ↑ "Sevenoaks - General election results 2024". BBC News.
  12. ↑ "Notional results for a UK general election on 12 December 2019". Rallings & Thrasher, Professor David Denver (Scotland), Nicholas Whyte (NI) for Sky News, PA, BBC News and ITV News. UK Parliament . Retrieved 11 July 2024.
  13. ↑ "Statement of persons nominated, notice of poll and situation of polling stations". Sevenoaks District Council. 15 November 2019. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
  14. ↑ "Statement of persons nominated, notice of poll and situation of polling stations" (PDF). Sevenoaks District Council. 11 May 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2017. Retrieved 8 June 2017.
  15. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  16. ↑ "UK Polling Report". ukpollingreport.co.uk. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  17. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Sevenoaks District Council". Archived from the original on 16 July 2011. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
  19. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Sevenoaks [Archive]". politicsresources.net. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  23. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  24. ↑ "Politics Resources". Election 1992. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 6 December 2010.
  25. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  26. ↑ "UK General Election results: June 1987 [Archive]". politicsresources.net. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  27. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  28. ↑ "UK General Election results: June 1983 [Archive]". politicsresources.net. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  29. ↑ "UK General Election results: May 1979 [Archive]". politicsresources.net. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  30. ↑ "UK General Election results: February 1974 [Archive]". politicsresources.net. Retrieved 20 April 2018.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 British parliamentary election results 1950–1973, Craig, F. W. S.
  32. 1 2 3 British parliamentary election results 1918–1949, Craig, F. W. S.
  33. ↑ Craig, F.W.S., ed. (1969). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 . Glasgow: Political Reference Publications. p.  390. ISBN   0-900178-01-9.
  34. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885–1918. London: Macmillan Press. p. 308. ISBN   9781349022984.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 The Liberal Year Book, 1907
  36. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
  37. 1 2 Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  38. ↑ "Election intelligence". The Times. No. 36854. London. 23 August 1902. p. 4.
  39. 1 2 Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  40. ↑ Kent & Sussex Courier 13 March 1914
General

Craig, F. W. S. (1983). British parliamentary election results 1918–1949 (3 ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. ISBN   0-900178-06-X.

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