Strontium perchlorate

Last updated
Strontium perchlorate
Names
Other names
Strontium(II) perchlorate; Strontium diperchlorate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.272 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 236-614-2
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/2ClHO4.Sr/c2*2-1(3,4)5;/h2*(H,2,3,4,5);/q;;+2/p-2
    Key: MXRFIUHRIOLIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-L
  • [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.[Sr+2]
Properties
Sr(ClO4)2
Molar mass 286.51 g·mol−1
AppearanceWhite crystals
Density 2.973 g/cm3 [1]
Melting point 477 °C (891 °F; 750 K) [1] (decomposes vigorously)
309.7 g/100 g
Solubility in ethyl acetate136.9 g/100 g
Solubility in methanol 221.0 g/100 g
Solubility in ethanol 180.7 g/100 g
Solubility in 1-propanol 140.4 g/100 g
Solubility in 1-butanol 113.5 g/100 g
Solubility in isobutanol 77.9 g/100 g
Solubility in acetone 140.1 g/100 g
Structure [2]
orthorhombic
Pbca
a = 14.18206 Å, b = 9.78934 Å, c = 9.37624 Å
α = 10.009°, β = 90°, γ = 90°
1301.73 Å3
8
Hazards
GHS labelling: [3]
GHS-pictogram-rondflam.svg GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg
Danger
H272, H315, H319, H335
P210, P221, P280, P305+P351+P338, P403+P233, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
[3]
NFPA 704.svgHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 3: Liquids and solids that can be ignited under almost all ambient temperature conditions. Flash point between 23 and 38 °C (73 and 100 °F). E.g. gasolineInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
1
3
0
OX
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Strontium perchlorate is a deliquescent white crystalline compound with the formula Sr(ClO4)2. [1]

It is a strong oxidizer which gives red flames. It can be used in pyrotechnics; however, usually the more common strontium nitrate is used. Strontium perchlorate has been used in gelled flame compositions where its hygroscopic nature isn't an issue, in a polymerized candle composition that excluded water, and in an experimental high-atmosphere flash powder. [1]

It is also used in Liquid Injection Thrust Vector Control (LITVC) in solid-propellant rockets to enable steering control with a simple fixed nozzle.[ citation needed ]

Strontium perchlorate has been characterized in multiple hydrated forms; a trihydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·3H2O), tetrahydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·4H2O) and nonahydrate (Sr(ClO4)2·9H2O). [2]

Synthesis

Hydrated forms may be prepared by dissolving pure strontium nitrate in an excess of perchloric acid, neutralizing the excess acid with strontium carbonate, centrifuging off solids, and chilling to precipitate crystals.

The anhydrous form may be prepared by drying the hydrate at 250 °C (482 °F), which gives a yield of 50%, or by the addition of anhydrous perchloric acid to a solution of strontium ion in anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid followed by filtration of the precipitated solid and removal of excess acid under vacuum. [1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Kaye, Seymour M. (1 January 1978). "P - Perchlorates". Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items. Volume 8 (PDF). Dover, NJ: Army Armament Research And Development Center - Large Caliber Weapon Systems Lab. p. P168-9. ADA057762, PATR 2700.
  2. 1 2 Hyoung, Jooeun; Lee, Hyeon Woo; Kim, So Jin; Shin, Hong Rim; Hong, Seung-Tae (2019). "Crystal structure of strontium perchlorate anhydrate, Sr(ClO4)2, from laboratory powder X-ray diffraction data". Acta Crystallographica Section E. 75 (4): 447–450. doi:10.1107/S2056989019003335. PMC   6509688 . PMID   31161054.
  3. 1 2 "Strontium perchlorate (SDS)". www.strem.com. Strem Catalog. 20 July 2021. Retrieved 6 November 2025.


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