Rubidium perchlorate

Last updated
Rubidium perchlorate [1]
Rubidium perchlorate.png
Names
IUPAC name
Rubidium perchlorate
Other names
Perchloric acid rubidium salt,
Rubidium chlorate(VII), Rubidii perchloras (lat.)
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.476 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
EC Number
  • 236-840-1
PubChem CID
  • InChI=1S/ClHO4.Rb/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1 Yes check.svgY
    Key: NQYGGOOZLKJKPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/ClHO4.Rb/c2-1(3,4)5;/h(H,2,3,4,5);/q;+1/p-1
    Key: NQYGGOOZLKJKPS-REWHXWOFAS
  • [Rb+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O
Properties
RbClO4
Molar mass 184.918 g/mol
AppearanceColorless crystals
Density 2.878 g/cm3
2.71 g/cm3 over 279 °C
Melting point 281 °C (538 °F; 554 K)
Boiling point 600 °C (1,112 °F; 873 K) (decomposes)
see chart
3×10−3 [2]
Hazards
GHS labelling:
GHS-pictogram-rondflam.svg GHS-pictogram-exclam.svg
Warning
H272, H302, H315, H319, H332, H335
P210, P220, P221, P261, P264, P270, P271, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P304+P312, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P370+P378, P403+P233, P405, P501
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704.svgHealth 2: Intense or continued but not chronic exposure could cause temporary incapacitation or possible residual injury. E.g. chloroformFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazard OX: Oxidizer. E.g. potassium perchlorate
2
0
0
OX
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
X mark.svgN  verify  (what is  Yes check.svgYX mark.svgN ?)

Rubidium perchlorate, RbClO4, is the perchlorate of rubidium. It is an oxidizing agent, as are all perchlorates.

Contents

Preparation and properties

Rubidium perchlorate can be obtained through the careful heating of a rubidium chlorate solution, leading to a disproportionation reaction with the release of oxygen gas: [3]

2 RbClO3 → RbClO4 + RbCl + O2

When heated, it decomposes into the chloride and oxygen: [4]

RbClO4 → RbCl + 2 O2

It has two polymorphs. Below 279 °C, it crystallizes in orthorhombic crystal system with lattice constants a = 0.927 nm, b = 0.581 nm, c = 0.753 nm. Over 279 °C, it has a cubic structure with lattice constant a = 0.770 nm. [1]

Table of solubility in water: [1]

Temperature (°C)08.5142025507099
Solubility (g / 100 ml)1.090.590.7670.9991.303.4426.7217.39

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubidium</span> Chemical element, symbol Rb and atomic number 37

Rubidium is a chemical element; it has symbol Rb and atomic number 37. It is a very soft, whitish-grey solid in the alkali metal group, similar to potassium and caesium. Rubidium is the first alkali metal in the group to have a density higher than water. On Earth, natural rubidium comprises two isotopes: 72% is a stable isotope 85Rb, and 28% is slightly radioactive 87Rb, with a half-life of 48.8 billion years—more than three times as long as the estimated age of the universe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Permanganate</span> Chemical compound

A permanganate is a chemical compound with the manganate(VII) ion, MnO−
4, the conjugate base of permanganic acid. Because the manganese atom has a +7 oxidation state, the permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidising agent. The ion is a transition metal ion with a tetrahedral structure. Permanganate solutions are purple in colour and are stable in neutral or slightly alkaline media. The exact chemical reaction depends on the carbon-containing reactants present and the oxidant used. For example, trichloroethane (C2H3Cl3) is oxidised by permanganate ions to form carbon dioxide (CO2), manganese dioxide (MnO2), hydrogen ions (H+), and chloride ions (Cl−).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dichlorine heptoxide</span> Chemical compound

Dichlorine heptoxide is the chemical compound with the formula Cl2O7. This chlorine oxide is the anhydride of perchloric acid. It is produced by the careful distillation of perchloric acid in the presence of the dehydrating agent phosphorus pentoxide:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lithium perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Lithium perchlorate is the inorganic compound with the formula LiClO4. This white or colourless crystalline salt is noteworthy for its high solubility in many solvents. It exists both in anhydrous form and as a trihydrate.

A chemical oxygen generator is a device that releases oxygen via a chemical reaction. The oxygen source is usually an inorganic superoxide, chlorate, or perchlorate; ozonides are a promising group of oxygen sources. The generators are usually ignited by a firing pin, and the chemical reaction is usually exothermic, making the generator a potential fire hazard. Potassium superoxide was used as an oxygen source on early crewed missions of the Soviet space program, in submarines for use in emergency situations, for firefighters, and for mine rescue.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lead dioxide</span> Chemical compound

Lead(IV) oxide, commonly known as lead dioxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbO2. It is an oxide where lead is in an oxidation state of +4. It is a dark-brown solid which is insoluble in water. It exists in two crystalline forms. It has several important applications in electrochemistry, in particular as the positive plate of lead acid batteries.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesium perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Caesium perchlorate or cesium perchlorate (CsClO4), is a perchlorate of caesium. It forms white crystals, which are sparingly soluble in cold water and ethanol. It dissolves more easily in hot water.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesium chromate</span> Chemical compound

Caesium chromate or cesium chromate is an inorganic compound with the formula Cs2CrO4. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is the caesium salt of chromic acid, and it crystallises in the orthorhombic system.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Barium ferrate</span> Chemical compound

Barium ferrate is the chemical compound of formula BaFeO4. This is a rare compound containing iron in the +6 oxidation state. The ferrate(VI) ion has two unpaired electrons, making it paramagnetic. It is isostructural with BaSO4, and contains the tetrahedral [FeO4]2− anion.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubidium iodide</span> Chemical compound

Rubidium iodide is a salt of rubidium and iodine, with the chemical formula RbI. It is a white solid with a melting point of 642 °C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fluorine perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Fluorine perchlorate, also called perchloryl hypofluorite is the rarely encountered chemical compound of fluorine, chlorine, and oxygen with the chemical formula ClO
4F or FOClO
3. It is an extremely unstable gas that explodes spontaneously and has a penetrating odor.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dichlorine hexoxide</span> Chemical compound

Dichlorine hexoxide is the chemical compound with the molecular formula Cl
2O
6, which is correct for its gaseous state. However, in liquid or solid form, this chlorine oxide ionizes into the dark red ionic compound chloryl perchlorate [ClO
2]+
[ClO
4]−
, which may be thought of as the mixed anhydride of chloric and perchloric acids.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chlorine perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Chlorine perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Cl2O4. This chlorine oxide is an asymmetric oxide, with one chlorine atom in +1 oxidation state and the other +7, with proper formula ClOClO3. It is produced by the photodimerization of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) at room temperature by 436 nm ultraviolet light:

Barium perchlorate is a powerful oxidizing agent, with the formula Ba(ClO4)2. It is used in the pyrotechnic industry.

Perchloratoborate is an anion of the form [B(ClO4)4]−. It can form partly stable solid salts with heavy alkali metals. They are more stable than nitratoborate salts. K[B(ClO4)4] decomposes at 35 °C, Rb[B(ClO4)4] is stable to 50 °C, and Cs[B(ClO4)4] can exist up to 80 °C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Titanium perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Titanium perchlorate is a molecular compound of titanium and perchlorate groups with formula Ti(ClO4)4. Anhydrous titanium perchlorate decomposes explosively at 130 °C and melts at 85 °C with a slight decomposition. It can sublime in a vacuum as low as 70 °C, and can form vapour at up to 120°. Titanium perchlorate is quite volatile. It has density 2.35. It decomposes to TiO2, ClO2 and dioxygen O2 Also TiO(ClO4)2 is formed during decomposition.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Vanadyl perchlorate</span> Chemical compound

Vanadyl perchlorate or vanadyl triperchlorate is a golden yellow coloured liquid or crystalline compound of vanadium, oxygen and perchlorate group. The substance consists of molecules covalently bound and is quite volatile; it ignites organic solvents on contact and explodes at temperatures above 80 °C.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rubidium permanganate</span> Chemical compound

Rubidium permanganate is the permanganate salt of rubidium, with the chemical formula RbMnO
4.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caesium permanganate</span> Chemical compound

Caesium permanganate is the permanganate salt of caesium, with the chemical formula CsMnO4.

References

  1. 1 2 3 F. Brezina, J. Mollin, R. Pastorek, Z. Sindelar. Chemicke tabulky anorganickych sloucenin (Chemical tables of inorganic compounds). SNTL, 1986.
  2. ↑ John Rumble (June 18, 2018). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (99 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 5–189. ISBN   1138561630.
  3. ↑ Abegg, R.; Auerbach, F. (1908). Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. Vol. 2. S. Hirzel. p. 431.
  4. ↑ d' Ans, Jean; Lax, Ellen (1997). Taschenbuch für Chemiker und Physiker. 3. Elemente, anorganische Verbindungen und Materialien, Minerale. Vol. 3 (4th ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 686. ISBN   3-540-60035-3. OCLC   312750698.
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