U.S. Route 31W

Last updated

US 31W.svg

U.S. Route 31W

U.S. Route 31W
US 31W highlighted in red
Route information
Length179.2 mi [1] [2] [3]  (288.4 km)
Major junctions
South endUS 31.svgUS 31E.svgUS 41.svgUS 431.svg US 31  / US 31E  / US 41  / US 431 in Nashville, TN
Major intersections
North endUS 31.svgUS 31E.svgUS 60.svg US 31  / US 31E  / US 60 in Louisville, KY
Location
Country United States
States Tennessee, Kentucky
CountiesTN: Davidson, Sumner, Robertson
KY: Simpson, Warren, Edmonson, Barren, Hart, LaRue, Hardin, Meade, Jefferson
Highway system
  • Kentucky State Highway System
US 31E.svg US 31E KYElongated circle 32.svg KY 32
US 31E.svg US 31E TNUS 31A.svg US 31A
US 41A.svg US 41A Tennessee 41.svg US 43.svg US 43

U.S. Route 31W (US 31W) is the westernmost of two parallel routes for U.S. Route 31 from Nashville, Tennessee to Louisville, Kentucky.

Contents

Tennessee State Route 41 (SR 41) is its unsigned companion route in Tennessee.

During the December 2021 tornado outbreak, an EF3 tornado devastated stretches of US 31W in Bowling Green, Kentucky. [4] [5]

Route description

Tennessee

US 31W begins in Nashville, at an interchange with Ellington Parkway and US 31 and US 31E. The route continues west as Spring Street, concurrent with US 41/US 431/SR 11. The four highways continue north onto Dickerson Pike, closely paralleling Interstate 24 (I-24) through Nashville. US 431 turns onto Trinity Lane, while US 31W, US 41 and SR 11 continue north, away from I-24. The roadway has an interchange with I-65 and SR 155 (Briley Parkway) before an intersection with SR 45 in Bellshire Terrace. The highway passes through Goodlettsville, where US 31W splits from US 41/SR 11, and crosses I-65; it also passes through the cities of Millersville, White House, and the western edge of Portland. Before it enters Kentucky, it junctions the recently rerouted SR 109. [6] From Millersville to the Kentucky state line, US 31W/SR 41 also marks the boundary between Robertson and Sumner Counties.

Kentucky

The highway enters the state of Kentucky and crosses I-65 for a third time, where it passes through Franklin and intersects KY 100. From here, the highway is known as Bowling Green Road, which becomes Nashville Road once it enters Warren County, and passes through fields, as well as giving access to the towns of Woodburn and Rich Pond. Entering the city of Bowling Green, the route intersects Interstate 165 (I-165, formerly the William H. Natcher Parkway) as well as US 231 as the route bypasses downtown Bowling Green. On the eastern side of town, Louisville Road carries US 31W, US 68, and KY 80 east and then northeast, where US 68 and KY 80 split off to the east just east of Bristow. US 31W passes within 0.5 miles (0.80 km) of an entrance to Mammoth Cave National Park near Park City, after crossing I-65 again, this time without direct access to the freeway. The highway travels through Cave City as Duke Highway while crossing two major state routes, KY 90 in the southern outskirts, and then KY 70 in downtown. [6]

Once it enters Hart County going north, US 31W is locally known as Dixie Highway for the remainder of its course. In the city of Horse Cave, US 31W intersects KY 218; and then continues on to Munfordville before crossing I-65 for a fifth time at the interstate's exit 65 interchange, and paralleling it closely to the west and later, the east. Between Upton and Sonora, it crosses over I-65 for a sixth time. In Elizabethtown, US 31W intersects with the Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway before crossing I-65 for a seventh and final time. The route continues through the heart of Elizabethtown, intersecting US 62, before it goes on to enter Radcliff. It also passes through Fort Knox near Radcliff, within sight of the United States Bullion Depository. US 31W overlaps with US 60 from Muldraugh to Louisville, paralleling the Ohio River briefly before an interchange with I-264 (Watterson Expressway) in Louisville's southwestern suburbs. US 31W continues as a one-way pair consisting of 22nd and Dr. W. J. Hodges streets, and later Main and Market streets in downtown Louisville. At 2nd Street, US 31W ends at US 31E, and the two routes continue north as US 31 before crossing the Ohio River into Jeffersonville, in Clark County, Indiana on the George Rogers Clark Memorial Bridge. [6]

History

Most of US 31W's current route was part of the old Dixie Highway from the National Auto Trail program, the predecessor to the United States Numbered Highways system. Many of the cities through which US 31W traverses still give it a local street name of "Dixie Highway" or "Dixie Avenue." Some portions date back further, to the Louisville and Nashville Turnpike, which began construction in the 1830s. [7] Until 1926, the route in Tennessee from US 41E to the Kentucky state line was signed as State Route 79 (SR 79); it was resigned as SR 41 until the US 31W designation was established in 1931, but the SR 41 remaining as an unsigned, hidden route. [8] The route from the state line northward to US 68 in Bowling Green was signed as Kentucky Route 73 from 1929 until 1931, when the US 31W designation was established.

US 31W in Indiana

US 31W once terminated in Sellersburg, Indiana. It went into New Albany, Indiana, crossing the Kentucky & Indiana Terminal Bridge into Louisville, concurrent with U.S. Route 150. When the K&I Terminal Bridge was closed to traffic in 1979, US 31W and US 150 were rerouted onto the Sherman Minton Bridge, being concurrent with Interstate 64 until Exit 121. In 1980, AASHTO truncated both termini of US 31E and US 31W to Louisville. In Indiana, US 31W was replaced by SR 311.

31W Treasure Hunt

The 31W Treasure Hunt is an outdoor second-hand sale held annually for three days beginning the second Thursday in September. It takes place along the alignment of U.S. Route 31W in its entirety from Nashville to Louisville. [9]

Major intersections

StateCountyLocationmikmDestinationsNotes
Tennessee Davidson Nashville 0.000.00South plate.svg
US 31.svg
South plate.svg
US 41.svg
South plate.svg
US 431.svg
North plate.svg
US 31E.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-24.svg
US 31 south / US 41 south / US 431 south (James Robertson Parkway/SR 6/SR 11) / US 31E north (Ellington Parkway/SR 6) to South 5th Street/Main Street / I-24
Interchange; US 31 splits into US 31W and US 31E; south end of US 41/US 431/SR 11 overlap
0.50.80To plate blue.svg
I-24.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To I-24  / I-65  / Spring Street
2.64.2North plate.svg
US 431.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
US 431 north (West Trinity Lane/SR 65) to I-65
North end of US 431 overlap; southern terminus of unsigned SR 65
4.8–
5.0
7.7–
8.0
I-65.svg I-65  Nashville, Louisville Southbound off-ramp from SR 155 off-ramp; I-65 exit 90A
5.1–
5.2
8.2–
8.4
Tennessee 155.svg SR 155 (Briley Parkway) Nashville, Knoxville No eastbound on-ramp (must use northbound I-65 on-ramp); SR 155 exit 16B
7.111.4Secondary Tennessee 45.svg SR 45 (Old Hickory Boulevard) Whites Creek, Old Hickory, Madison
Goodlettsville 11.218.0Rivergate Parkway east to I-65.svg I-65  Madison Western terminus of Rivergate Parkway; provides access to Rivergate Mall
11.718.8East plate.svg
Secondary Tennessee 174.svg
SR 174 east (Long Hollow Pike)
Western terminus of SR 174
Sumner 13.121.1North plate.svg
US 41.svg
US 41 north (Dickerson Pike/SR 11) Springfield, Greenbrier, Ridgetop
SR 41 begins
Interchange; north end of US 41/SR 11 overlap; southern terminus of unsigned SR 41; south end of SR 41 overlap; former US 43 north
13.4–
13.6
21.6–
21.9
I-65.svg I-65  Louisville, Nashville I-65 exit 98
Millersville 18.329.5West plate.svg
Secondary Tennessee 257.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 257 west (Bethel Road) to I-65  Ridgetop
Eastern terminus of SR 257
SumnerRobertson
county line
White House 22.636.4Secondary Tennessee 258.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 258 (Raymond Hirsch Parkway) to I-65  Hendersonville
23.337.5West plate.svg
Secondary Tennessee 76.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 76 west to I-65  Springfield
South end of SR 76 overlap
23.537.8East plate.svg
Secondary Tennessee 76.svg
SR 76 east (Portland Road) New Deal, Portland
North end of SR 76 overlap
Cross Plains 27.544.3Tennessee 25.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 25 (Main Street) to I-65  Cross Plains, Springfield, Gallatin
PortlandOrlinda line32.652.5Tennessee 52.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 52 to I-65  Orlinda, Portland
Portland 35.557.1Tennessee 109.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
SR 109 (N Broadway) to I-65  Portland, Gallatin
36.057.9East plate.svg
Secondary Tennessee 259.svg
SR 259 east Mitchellville
Western terminus of SR 259
TennesseeKentucky line36.08–
0.000
58.07–
0.000
SR 41 ends
Kentucky Simpson I-65.svg I-65  Louisville, Nashville I-65 exit 2
Elongated circle 1008.svgTruck plate.svg
Elongated circle 100.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 1008  / KY 100 Truck to I-65
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 100.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 100 east to I-65
South end of KY 100 overlap
Franklin South plate.svg
Elongated circle 383.svg
KY 383 south (Madison Street)
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 73.svg
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 100.svg
KY 73 east / KY 100 west (Cedar Street)
North end of KY 100 overlap; south end of KY 73 overlap
Elongated circle 1171.svg KY 1171 (North Street)
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 73.svg
KY 73 west (Morgantown Road)
North end of KY 73 overlap
Elongated circle 2592.svg KY 2592 (Patton Road)
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 1008.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 1008 south to I-65  – truck route to KY 100
Elongated circle 1434.svg KY 1434
Elongated circle 621.svg KY 621 (Stevenson Road)
Warren Woodburn Elongated circle 240.svg KY 240
Elongated circle 242.svg KY 242  Rockfield, Rich Pond
Bowling Green I-165.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
I-165 to I-65  Owensboro, Scottsville
Former Natcher Parkway; I-165 exit 6
US 231.svg US 231 (Campbell Lane)
North plate.svg
Business plate.svg
US 231.svg
To plate.svg
US 68.svg
To plate.svg
Elongated circle 80.svg
US 231 Bus. north (University Drive) to US 68  / KY 80
South end of US 231 Bus. overlap; roundabout
South plate.svg
Business plate.svg
US 231.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
US 231 Bus. south (Broadway Avenue) to I-65
North end of US 231 Bus. overlap
Elongated circle 234.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 234 (Fairview Avenue) to I-65
Elongated circle 3225.svg KY 3225 (Old Louisville Road)
West plate.svg
US 68.svg
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 80.svg
To plate blue.svg
South plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
US 68 west / KY 80 west (Kentucky Street) to I-65 south
South end of US 68 / KY 80 overlap
Elongated circle 3225.svg KY 3225 (Old Louisville Road)
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 1402.svg
To plate.svg
Elongated circle 957.svg
KY 1402 east (Porter Pike) to Plum Springs Loop / KY 957
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To I-65 (via KY 446 east) Louisville, Nashville, Corvette Museum
Interchange
Elongated circle 957.svg KY 957
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 526.svg
To plate.svg
Elongated circle 1320.svg
KY 526 west to KY 1320
East plate.svg
US 68.svg
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 80.svg
US 68 east / KY 80 east
North end of US 68 / KY 80 overlap
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 3145.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 3145 south to I-65
Northern terminus of KY 3145; intersection opened July 2017. [10]
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 743.svg
KY 743 north
Tuckertown Elongated circle 2326.svg KY 2326 (Otter Gap Road)
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 101.svg
KY 101 north Brownsville
South end of KY 101 overlap
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 101.svg
KY 101 south Smiths Grove
North end of KY 101 overlap
Edmonson North plate.svg
Elongated circle 422.svg
KY 422 north
Elongated circle 259.svg KY 259
Barren Park City South plate.svg
Elongated circle 255.svg
KY 255 south
South end of KY 255 overlap
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 255.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
Mammoth Cave Parkway  / KY 255 north to I-65  Mammoth Cave, Brownsville
Southern terminus of Mammoth Cave Parkway
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 2189.svg
KY 2189 south (Park City-Glasgow Road)
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 2143.svg
KY 2143 south (Old Happy Valley Road)
Cave City Elongated circle 90.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To plate.svg
Elongated circle 70.svg
KY 90 (Happy Valley Road) to I-65  / KY 70  Mammoth Cave, Glasgow
Elongated circle 70.svg KY 70 (Broadway Street / Griderville Road) – Business District, Hiseville
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 335.svg
KY 335 north
Hart Horse Cave Elongated circle 218.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To plate.svg
US 31E.svg
KY 218 (Main Street) to I-65  / US 31E
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 1846.svg
KY 1846 south
Rowletts South plate.svg
Elongated circle 335.svg
KY 335 south
Woodsonville South plate.svg
Elongated circle 571.svg
KY 571 south
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 88.svg
KY 88 east Hardyville
South end of KY 88 overlap
Munfordville North plate.svg
Elongated circle 357.svg
KY 357 north (Union Street) Hodgenville
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 88.svg
KY 88 west (Center Street) Clarkson, Nolin Lake
North end of KY 88 overlap
I-65.svg I-65  Nashville, Louisville I-65 exit 65
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 1140.svg
KY 1140 west
Elongated circle 2756.svg KY 2756
Bonnieville East plate.svg
Elongated circle 728.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 728 east to I-65
South end of KY 728 overlap
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 728.svg
KY 728 west
North end of KY 728 overlap
LaRue Upton East plate.svg
Elongated circle 224.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 224 east to I-65  Hodgenville
South end of KY 224 overlap
LaRueHardin
county line
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 224.svg
KY 224 west (Grayson Street) Clarkson, Nolin River, Nolin Lake
North end of KY 224 overlap
Elongated circle 2767.svg KY 2767 (Murrieltown Road)
Sonora Elongated circle 84.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 84 to I-65  Sonora, Hodgenville
Elongated circle 1517.svg KY 1517
Hardin North plate.svg
Elongated circle 1407.svg
KY 1407 north
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 1136.svg
KY 1136 west
Glendale Junction Elongated circle 222.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 222 to I-65
Elizabethtown West plate blue.svg
Western Kentucky Parkway.svg
North plate.svg
Truck plate.svg
US 31W.svg
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 61.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To plate blue.svg
Bluegrass Parkway.svg
Western Kentucky Parkway west / US 31W Truck north / KY 61 south to I-65  / Bluegrass Parkway  Lexington, Louisville, Nashville, Paducah, Hodgenville
south end of KY 61 overlap
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 210.svg
KY 210 east
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 1136.svg
To plate.svg
By-pass plate.svg
US 31W.svg
KY 1136 west (New Glendale Road) to US 31W Byp.
Main Street traffic circle around Hardin County Courthouse
US 62.svgNorth plate.svg
Elongated circle 61.svg
US 62  / KY 61 north (Mulberry Street)
north end of KY 61 overlap
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 251.svg
KY 251 north (North Miles Street)
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 1357.svg
KY 1357 south (St. John Road)
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 1600.svg
KY 1600 north (Woodland Drive)
South plate.svg
By-pass plate.svg
US 31W.svg
To plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
To plate blue.svg
Western Kentucky Parkway.svg
US 31W Byp. south to I-65  / Western Kentucky Parkway  – thru trucks
Elongated circle 3005.svg KY 3005 (Ring Road)
North plate.svg
Elongated circle 447.svg
KY 447 north
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 2802.svg
KY 2802 south (W.A. Jenkins Road)
Radcliff West plate.svg
Elongated circle 220.svg
KY 220 west Rineyville
East plate.svg
Elongated circle 434.svg
KY 434 east Lebanon Junction
Elongated circle 313.svgTo plate blue.svg
I-65.svg
KY 313 to I-65  Vine Grove, Lebanon Junction
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 1500.svg
KY 1500 west (Millcreek Road)
West plate.svg
Elongated circle 144.svg
KY 144 west (East Vine Street) Vine Grove
South plate.svg
Elongated circle 1815.svg
KY 1815 south (West Lincoln Trail Boulevard)
North Wilson Roadinterchange
Fort Knox To plate.svg
Elongated circle 1646.svg
To KY 1646  / Bullion Boulevard Fort Knox
Interchange
Chaffee Avenueinterchange; entrance ramps only
Meade West plate.svg
US 60.svg
US 60 west Hardinsburg, Owensboro
South end of US 60 overlap
see US 60
Jefferson Louisville 179.2288.4North plate.svg
US 31.svg
South plate.svg
US 31E.svg
East plate.svg
US 60.svg
US 31 north (Second Street / Clark Bridge) / US 31E south / US 60 east (West Market Street)
US 31W and US 31E merge to form US 31; north end of US 60 overlap
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Tennessee State Route 41

Tennessee 41.svg Secondary Tennessee 41.svg

State Route 41

Location Goodlettsville-Mitchellville
Length22.96 mi (36.95 km)
ExistedOctober 1, 1923 [11] –present

State Route 41 (SR 41) runs as a secret, or hidden designation, throughout US 31W's routing from the US 41 (SR 11) junction in Goodlettsville to the SR 259 junction at the Kentucky state line near Mitchellville.

Special routes

Bowling Green bypass

Location Bowling Green
Existed1950s–1980s

From the 1950s to the 1980s, a bypass route of US 31W ran around Bowling Green, Kentucky. It was replaced by rerouting US 31W onto the bypass. [12] [13]

Elizabethtown bypass

By-pass plate.svg

US 31W.svg

U.S. Route 31W Bypass

Location Elizabethtown
Length3.758 mi (6.048 km)

U.S. Route 31W By-Pass is a four-lane expressway in Elizabethtown, Kentucky. It starts at an at-grade intersection with Kentucky Route 1136, bypasses the west side of town and it ends at another at-grade intersection with US 31W on the northern side of Elizabethtown. The southern end can be reached via either KY 1136 on the south side, or following the Western Kentucky Parkway from the at-grade intersection with US 31W/KY 61to the interchange after the WK Parkway/I-65 junction.

Major intersections include:

Elizabethtown Truck Route

Truck plate.svg

US 31W.svg

U.S. Route 31W Truck

Location Elizabethtown, Kentucky
Length4.592 mi (7.390 km)

U.S. Route 31W Truck is a truck route in Elizabethtown. Its component highways include the Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway west from the US 31W/KY 61 junction to exit 135, and the final 3.512 miles (5.652 km) of the US 31W Bypass from the WK Parkway exit 135 interchange to US 31W on the north side of town.

West Point Business Route

Business plate.svg

US 31W.svg

U.S. Route 31W Business

Location West Point, Kentucky
Length1.988 mi (3.199 km)

U.S. Route 31W Business is a business route located in West Point, Kentucky, in northern Hardin County. It is 1.988 miles (3.199 km) long and does not intersect any other highways outside of the main alignment of US 31W (which runs concurrently with US 60 in that area). [14]

See also

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">U.S. Route 431 in Tennessee</span> United States Numbered Highway in Tennessee

U.S. Route 431 in Tennessee totals an estimated 116 miles (187 km) through Lincoln, Marshall, Maury, Williamson, Davidson, and Robertson counties in Middle Tennessee.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">U.S. Route 231 in Kentucky</span> Section of U.S. Highway in Kentucky

U.S. Route 231 in Kentucky runs 86.465 miles (139.152 km) from the Tennessee state line near Adolphus to the William H. Natcher Bridge on the Ohio River near Rockport, Indiana. It crosses the state mainly in the west-central region, traversing Allen, Warren, Butler, Ohio, and Daviess Counties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kentucky Route 218</span>

Kentucky Route 218 is a 31.113-mile-long (50.072 km) west-east state highway that traverses three counties in south-central Kentucky. It is locally known as LeGrande Highway from Horse Cave to near Shady Grove.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tennessee State Route 174</span> Highway in Tennessee

State Route 174 (SR 174) is a secondary east–west state highway in northern Middle Tennessee. It traverses northern Davidson and much of Sumner counties.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">U.S. Route 31 in Tennessee</span>

U.S. Route 31 (US 31) is a part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Spanish Fort, Alabama, to Mackinaw City, Michigan. In the U.S. state of Tennessee, it runs concurrently with Interstate 65 (I-65) for the first mile northward from the Tennessee state line. There US 31 parallels I-65 to downtown Nashville. At Pulaski US 31 meets the southern terminus of US 31A in Tennessee. US 31 continues due north through Lynnville, Columbia, Spring Hill, Franklin and Brentwood to Nashville. The route splits into US 31E and US 31W in Nashville and go into Kentucky.

References

  1. Commonwealth of Kentucky. "Official DMI Route Log" . Retrieved 5 July 2016.
  2. Tennessee Department of Transportation (2000). Nashville City Map (Northeast) [ permanent dead link ] (PDF) (Map). Nashville: Tennessee Department of Transportation.
  3. Tennessee Department of Transportation (2000). Sumner County General Highway Map Archived 2016-01-12 at the Wayback Machine (PDF) (Map). Nashville: Tennessee Department of Transportation.
  4. Moriarty, Dylan; Berkowitz, Bonnie; Levitt, Zach; Karklis, Laris. "Deadly path: How tornadoes ripped through states". Washington Post. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
  5. "Images of Tornado Damage 31W Bypass in Bowling Green". News 40 | WNKY Television. 2021-12-12. Retrieved 2021-12-13.
  6. 1 2 3 Google (December 24, 2013). "U.S. 31W" (Map). Google Maps . Google. Retrieved December 24, 2013.
  7. Minor, Robyn L. (September 13, 2012). "U.S. 31-W likely dates to ‘Good Roads’ movement in 1920s". Bowling Green Daily News . Retrieved January 2, 2019.
  8. "Highway map of Tennessee showing the construction progress during 8 year period 1918-1926, on federal and state aid roads".
  9. "Heritage Corridor Hwy 31W/31E".
  10. Doyle, Darren (July 6, 2017). "Grand Opening of New I-65 Exit 30 Held Today at KY Transpark". Edmonson Voice. Retrieved July 8, 2017.
  11. Highway Planning Survey Division (1925). Biennial Report of the Commissioner of the Department of Highways and Public Works State of Tennessee for the Years 1923 and 1924 (PDF) (Report). Nashville: Tennessee Department of Highways and Public Works. pp. 39–44. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  12. United States Geological Survey (1956). Bowling Green South, Kentucky (Map). 1/24000.
  13. United States Geological Survey (1993). Bowling Green South, Kentucky (Map).
  14. "Official DMI Route Log". Kentucky Transportation Cabinet . Retrieved August 26, 2014.

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