Uran

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Uran
City
Mumbai Metropolitan Region
India Maharashtra location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Uran
Coordinates: 18°53′N72°57′E / 18.89°N 72.95°E / 18.89; 72.95
Country Flag of India.svg India
State Maharashtra
District Raigad
City Navi Mumbai
Area
 • Total308.2 km2 (119.0 sq mi)
Elevation
21 m (69 ft)
Population
 (2020) [1]
 • Total133,232
 • Density430/km2 (1,100/sq mi)
Demonym Urankar
Languages
 • Official Marathi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
400702
Telephone code022
Vehicle registration MH-46 (Navi Mumbai's Raigad district) and MH-43 (Navi Mumbai's Thane district)
Karanaja village when viewed from temple Karanja Village-Uran.jpg
Karanaja village when viewed from temple

Uran is a coastal town in Raigad District's Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra state in Konkan division. It lies to the east of Mumbai across the Dharamtar Creek. Uran is primarily a fishing and agriculture village, which has developed into the special economic zone of Uran. The primary languages spoken are Agri and Koli which is a dialect of Marathi-Konkani.

Contents

History

The city name is derived from the Hindu goddess Uranavati. It was called Uruvan during the rule of Madhavrao I, the fourth Peshwa of the Maratha Empire. Later, the area was named Uran by the Portuguese and Ooran by the British. [2]

Many Indian dynasties have ruled the area. In early history, these included the Maurya Empire, Sātavāhana Empire, Western Kshatrapas, Vākāṭaka Empire, Chalukyas, and Yadavas. [2] [3] [4]

The area around Mumbai, including Uran, was under Portuguese and British rule in the 16th to 19th centuries. [2]

Uran was subject to the Maratha princely states in the Maharashtra. Uran was once the base of the famous Maratha Sarkhel (Admiral) Kanhoji Angre, [5] who battled European naval interests in the 18th century.

Geography

Uran is located at 18°53′N72°56′E / 18.88°N 72.94°E / 18.88; 72.94 . [6] Uran is at an average elevation of 21 metres (69 ft).

On the tip of a peninsula, Uran district is surrounded by sea on three sides. The town of Uran itself is centrally located on the peninsula, flanked by Karanja village to the south and Mora village and port to the north.

Uran is home to extensive salt pans, part of a long-standing network of salt manufacturing around Mumbai. [7] The land has been under redevelopment pressure. [8]

The Uran wetlands were once home to many species of birds and reptiles, some critically endangered. The wetlands were developed in 2009 and 2010, leaving only the Panje-Dongri wetlands. [9] [ failed verification ]

Economy

ONGC Oil and Gas Processing Platform in the Bombay High oilfield ONGC Oil Platform.jpg
ONGC Oil and Gas Processing Platform in the Bombay High oilfield
Jaskhar Fair at night in the month of April Jaskhar Fair.jpg
Jaskhar Fair at night in the month of April

The main occupation in Uran is fishing; 80% of the fish production of Mumbai comes from fishermen based out of the Uran in Navi Mumbai, especially the villages of Karanja and Mora.

The second major occupation is farming. Uran contributes to the production of rice in the Raigad district. Raigad is the second largest district in terms of rice production in India.

Shipping, shipbuilding, and port support are major economic factors in Uran district. Jawaharlal Nehru Port (JNPT) is the largest container terminal in India. [10] Other container terminals in the Uran district include APM Terminals (formerly GTI) and DP World (formerly the British Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company). Salt pan owners revolted against the government decision to build a seaport,[ when? ] but the port has proved to be the main source of income to residents and nearby villages, as major projects and warehouses have opened nearby.

The Indian Navy maintains a naval base near Mora. Due to Security reasons sea travel restrictions is imposed by the Indian Navy .

The Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC) has a plant nearby. GTPS-MSEB is Asia's first power plant run by natural gas.

Other industrial and manufacturing employers Grindwell Norton Limited, [11] NAD, and the Skols Brewery (closed in 2005 [12] ).

Demographics

Uran is growing. In the 2001 India census, Uran had a population of 23,254; [13] this had increased by the 2011 census to 30,439. [1] Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In Uran, 10–11% of the population is 6 years of age or younger. [1] [13]

Uran's average literacy rate is also rising, from 79% in 2001 to 82% in 2011. [1] [13] Female literacy lags behind male literacy: male literacy was 83% in 2001 and 85% in 2011, and female literacy was 75% in 2001 and 79% in 2011. [1] [13] India's national literacy average is 59.5%.

Religion in Uran (2011) [14]
ReligionPercent
Hinduism
 
72.41%
Islam
 
19.98%
Buddhism
 
3.99%
Christianity
 
1.71%
Jainism
 
1.56%
Others
 
0.35%

Education

Schools in Uran include the following: [15]

Culture

Places of worship

Ratneshwari Temple in Jaskhar village, Uran Ratneshwari Temple-Jaskhar.jpg
Ratneshwari Temple in Jaskhar village, Uran

Uran has many Hindu temples, some of which host annual festivals. Some of the well-known temples are:

Its palkhi is famous in Raigad District.

Raghoba Mandir Is a holy temple located near Kotnaka, Uran. Shree Raghoba palkhi sohla is very famous in Kotnaka village as well as in Uran also.[ citation needed ]

Shudhata Mata Church, Uran "Shradhata Mata Church, Uran, Mar 2013.jpg
Shudhata Mata Church, Uran

Other attractions

Another major tourist attraction in Uran are the three beaches: Pirwadi Beach, Nagav Beach, and Mankeshwar Beach which is frequented by tourists from nearby areas like Panvel in Navi Mumbai, other parts of Navi Mumbai, and Mumbai. A distant view of South Mumbai is visible from here. A local rural beach Kegav Beach is present, which can also be visited by tourists, and tourists do visit this beach too, but mostly it remains isolated. So, in totality, Navi Mumbai's Uran node has four beaches.

Ransai Dam is a destination in Uran. It is located near Dighode Village.

An old military fort named Dronagiri is located just beside the ONGC plant on the top of the Dronagiri mountain. This was a Maratha fort for a short period before passing into possession of the Portuguese, according to the locals. Entry has been banned for security reasons.

Khopate Village: Khopate Village is popular for Dashami Festival which is celebrated on behalf of Saint Gopalkaka Maharaj.

Dronagiri Mandir: A view from the top of the mountain where the temple of Dronagiri Devi is situated.

Bird watching at the Panje-Funde wetlands.

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References

Veer tukaram hari wajekar

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Maharashtra: Raigarh: Uran: Uran: Uran TOWN". Census of India. Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "History of Uran". JourneyMart.com.
  3. ↑ Greater Bombay District Gazetteer. Maharashtra State Gazetteers. Vol. 27. Gazetteer Department (Government of Maharashtra. 1960. pp. 127–150).
  4. ↑ Dwivedi, Sharada; Mehrotra, Rahul (2001). Bombay: The Cities Within. Eminence Designs. p. 79. ISBN   81-85028-80-X.
  5. ↑ Weekend Breaks from Mumbai. Outlook Traveller Getaways. 2003. p. 413.
  6. ↑ "Uran, India Page". Falling Rain Genomics, Inc. 27 February 2015.
  7. ↑ "KONKAN SALT PANS: Wilful distortion denies salt pan owners justice". India Together. Oorvani Media Pvt. Ltd. 3 April 2008.
  8. ↑ Manecksha, Freny (April 2010). "Saltpan city". Infochange News & Features. Archived from the original on 7 May 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  9. ↑ "The MAP News". Mangrove Action Project (236 ed.). 30 April 2010.
  10. ↑ "The biggest ports of India". Rediff Business. Rediff.com. 8 October 2010. Retrieved 29 July 2013.
  11. ↑ "About Us". Grindwell Norton Ltd. 2007. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  12. ↑ "SABMiller shuts Skol Uran unit". Business Standard. Mumbai: Business Standard Ltd. 31 October 2005.
  13. 1 2 3 4 "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
  14. ↑ "Uran Population 2011". Census 2011.
  15. ↑ "School In Uran, Navi Mumbai". Google Maps. 5 March 2024.
  16. ↑ "St. Mary's JNP School Google Page". Google. 5 March 2024.
  17. ↑ "Devotees still throng the 600-yr-old Uran temple for Maghi Ganeshotsav". TOI. Navi Mumbai: TOI Group. 11 February 2016.
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