3-Pentanol

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3-Pentanol [1]
Pentan-3-ol-2D-skeletal.png
3-Pentanol-3D-balls.png
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Pentan-3-ol
Other names
3-Pentanol, diethyl carbinol
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.662 OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
PubChem CID
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C5H12O/c1-3-5(6)4-2/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3 Yes check.svgY
    Key: AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Yes check.svgY
  • InChI=1/C5H12O/c1-3-5(6)4-2/h5-6H,3-4H2,1-2H3
    Key: AQIXEPGDORPWBJ-UHFFFAOYAU
  • OC(CC)CC
Properties
C5H12O
Molar mass 88.148 g/mol
Appearancecolorless liquid
Density 0.815 g/ml
Melting point −63.68 °C (−82.62 °F; 209.47 K)
Boiling point 115.3 °C (239.5 °F; 388.4 K)
59 g/L
Solubility soluble in acetone, benzene; very soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether
Vapor pressure 1.10 kPa
Thermochemistry
2.719 J·g−1·K−1
-368.9 kJ·mol−1 (liquid)
-314.9 kJ·mol−1 (gas)
Hazards
Flash point 41 °C (106 °F; 314 K)
435 °C (815 °F; 708 K)
Explosive limits 1.2 – 9%
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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3-Pentanol is one of the eight isomers of amyl alcohol. It is found naturally and has a role as a pheromone. [2]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyl alcohol</span> Chemical compound family

An amyl alcohol is any of eight alcohols with the formula C5H12O. A mixture of amyl alcohols (also called amyl alcohol) can be obtained from fusel alcohol. Amyl alcohol is used as a solvent and in esterification, by which is produced amyl acetate and other important products. The name amyl alcohol without further specification applies to the normal (straight-chain) form, 1-pentanol.

1-Pentanol, (or n-pentanol, pentan-1-ol), is an alcohol with five carbon atoms and the molecular formula C5H11OH. 1-Pentanol is a colourless liquid with a distinctive aroma. It is the straight-chain form of amyl alcohol, one of 8 isomers with that formula.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lucas' reagent</span>

"Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution is used to classify alcohols of low molecular weight. The reaction is a substitution in which the chloride replaces a hydroxyl group. A positive test is indicated by a change from clear and colourless to turbid, signalling formation of a chloroalkane. Also, the best results for this test are observed in tertiary alcohols, as they form the respective alkyl halides fastest due to higher stability of the intermediate tertiary carbocation. The test was reported in 1930 and became a standard method in qualitative organic chemistry. The test has since become somewhat obsolete with the availability of various spectroscopic and chromatographic methods of analysis. It was named after Howard Lucas (1885–1963).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amyl acetate</span> Chemical compound

Amyl acetate (pentyl acetate) is an organic compound and an ester with the chemical formula CH3COO[CH2]4CH3 and the molecular weight 130.19 g/mol. It is colorless and has a scent similar to bananas and apples. The compound is the condensation product of acetic acid and 1-pentanol. However, esters formed from other pentanol isomers (amyl alcohols), or mixtures of pentanols, are often referred to as amyl acetate. The symptoms of exposure to amyl acetate in humans are dermatitis, central nervous system depression, narcosis and irritation to the eyes and nose.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Isoamyl alcohol</span> Chemical compound

Isoamyl alcohol is a colorless liquid with the formula C
5
H
12
O
, specifically (H3C–)2CH–CH2–CH2–OH. It is one of several isomers of amyl alcohol (pentanol). It is also known as isopentyl alcohol, isopentanol, or (in the IUPAC recommended nomenclature) 3-methyl-butan-1-ol. An obsolete name for it was isobutyl carbinol.

The Sharpless oxyamination is the chemical reaction that converts an alkene to a vicinal amino alcohol. The reaction is related to the Sharpless dihydroxylation, which converts alkenes to vicinal diols. Vicinal amino-alcohols are important products in organic synthesis and recurring pharmacophores in drug discovery.

The molecular formula C5H12O (molar mass: 88.15 g/mol, exact mass: 88.088815) may refer to:

The molecular formula C6H14O may refer to:

<i>tert</i>-Amyl alcohol Chemical compound

tert-Amyl alcohol (TAA) or 2-methylbutan-2-ol (2M2B), is a branched pentanol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Pentanol</span> Chemical compound

2-Pentanol is an organic chemical compound. It is used as a solvent and an intermediate in the manufacturing of other chemicals. 2-Pentanol is a component of many mixtures of amyl alcohols sold industrially. 2-Pentanol is chiral and thus can be obtained as either of two stereoisomers designated as (R)-(−)-2-pentanol and (S)-(+)-2-pentanol.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Methyl-1-pentanol</span> Chemical compound

3-Methyl-1-pentanol is an organic chemical compound. It occurs naturally in Capsicum frutescens, the tabasco pepper.

Methylpentanol may refer to:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Methyl-2-pentanol</span> Chemical compound

2-Methyl-2-pentanol is an organic chemical compound. It can be added to a gas chromatograph to help distinguish between branched compounds, especially alcohols. Its presence in urine can be used to test for exposure to 2-methylpentane. As with many other short-chain alcohols, 2-methyl-2-pentanol can produce intoxication and sedative effects similar to those of ethanol, though it is more irritating to mucous membranes and generally more toxic to the body.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">2-Methyl-3-pentanol</span> Chemical compound

2-Methyl-3-pentanol is an organic chemical compound. It is used as a fuel.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Methyl-3-pentanol</span> Chemical compound

3-Methyl-3-pentanol is an organic chemical compound and a tertiary hexanol. It is used in the synthesis of the tranquilizer emylcamate, and has similar sedative and anticonvulsant actions itself.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">3-Ethyl-3-pentanol</span> Chemical compound

3-Ethyl-3-pentanol, also known as 3-ethylpentan-3-ol, is a tertiary alcohol with the molecular formula C7H16O.

<i>sec</i>-Amyl acetate Chemical compound

sec-Amyl acetate is an organic compound and an ester. It is formed in an esterification reaction of sec-amyl alcohol (2-pentanol) and acetic acid. It is a colorless liquid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Prenderol</span> Chemical compound

Prenderol (Diethylpropanediol) is a simple alkyl diol which has sedative, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects. It is closely related in structure to meprobamate and numerous other alkyl alcohols and diols with generally comparable activity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1-Ethynylcyclohexanol</span>

1-Ethynylcyclohexanol (ECX) is an alkynyl alcohol derivative which is both a synthetic precursor to, and an active metabolite of the tranquilizer ethinamate, and has similar sedative, anticonvulsant and muscle relaxant effects. It has been sold as a designer drug, first being identified in the UK in March 2012.

References

  1. Lide, David R. (1998), Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87 ed.), Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, pp. 3–454, 5–42, 8–102, 15–23, ISBN   0-8493-0594-2
  2. PubChem. "3-Pentanol". pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-03-25.