326th Aeronautical Systems Wing

326th Aeronautical Systems Wing
Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit
Active	1942–1944; 1955–1961; 2005–2008
Country	United States
Branch	United States Air Force
Type	Aeronautical Systems Development
Part of	Air Force Materiel Command
Motto(s)	Fortiter et Sincere (Boldly and Sincerely)
Insignia
326th Fighter Group patch

The 326th Aeronautical Systems Wing is an inactive wing of the United States Air Force. It was last assigned to the Aeronautical Systems Center at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, where it was inactivated in 2008.

The wing was first activated as the 326th Fighter Group in August 1942 during World War II and participated in the air defense of the Northeast until 1943, flying from Bradley Field, Connecticut. It moved to the Southeastern US where it was an operational and replacement training unit until it was disbanded in 1944 in a major reorganization of Army Air Forces units not programmed for overseas deployment.

The group was reconstituted in 1955 as part of an Air Defense Command program to revive fighter units that had participated in World War II. The group provided air defense of the Northwestern United States until 1961 when it was replaced by the 57th Fighter Group, which assumed its personnel, equipment and mission. It was redesignated as the 326th Tactical Fighter Group in 1985 but remained inactive.

In 2006, the group was consolidated with the Long Range Strike Systems Wing, which had been activated a year earlier at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base Ohio and the consolidated unit became the 326th Aeronautical Systems Wing. The wing conducted systems testing of advanced strike weapons for another two years before inactivating in 2008 when Air Force Materiel Command returned to its traditional directorate system of organization.

History

World War II

Republic P-47 Thunderbolt

The 326th Fighter Group was activated at Mitchel Field, New York in August 1942 and moved the next month to Bradley Field, Connecticut. ^[1] It was initially assigned the 320th, ^[2] 321st, ^[3] and 322d Fighter Squadrons ^[4] and equipped with Republic P-47 Thunderbolts. The 326th performed the air defense mission for First Air Force in the northeast during 1942 and 1943 while also conducting operational training. ^[1] As an operational training unit, it was an oversized parent unit which provided cadres to "satellite groups." ^[5]

It later became a replacement training unit, remaining an oversized unit, ^[5] but preparing individual pilots for combat duty in the Thunderbolt. ^[1] In the replacement role it added the 442d Fighter Squadron in February 1943. In the fall of 1943, the 320th Squadron returned to Mitchel, while the 442d Squadron moved to Bedford Army Air Field, Massachusetts. ^{[2] [6]}

In October 1943, the group provided the cadre to form the 402d Fighter Group. ^[7] The 326th then moved to Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina, along with the two squadrons stationed with group headquarters at Westover Field, Massachusetts. ^{[1] [3] [4]} Its two squadrons at other stations, the 320th and the 442d, remained behind and were reassigned to the 402d Group. ^{[2] [6]} These two squadrons were replaced in North Carolina by the 538th ^[8] and 539th Fighter Squadrons. ^[9]

After arriving in North Carolina, the group resumed a split operation when the 538th and 529th Squadrons moved to Bluethenthal Field, North Carolina after they were organized . ^{[8] [9]} The Army Air Forces was finding that standard military units, based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were proving less well adapted to the training mission. Accordingly, it adopted a more functional system in which each of its bases was organized into a separate numbered unit. ^[10] As a result, in 1944 the group was disbanded as the AAF converted to the AAF Base Unit system. ^[1] The 123d AAF Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Fighter) replaced the group headquarters and squadrons at Seymour Johnson, ^[11] and the 130th AAF Base Unit (Replacement Training Unit, Fighter) replaced the squadrons at Bluethenthal Field. ^[12]

Cold War

321st FIS F-89Js at Paine Field in 1956

The group was reconstituted, redesignated as the 326th Fighter Group (Air Defense) and activated in 1955 as an Air Defense Command (ADC) operational air defense unit at Paine Field, Washington. ^[1] It absorbed the personnel and equipment of the inactivating 529th Air Defense Group ^[13] as part of ADC's Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars. ^[14] The 326th was equipped with Northrop F-89D Scorpions, ^[15] armed with Mighty Mouse rockets, and became the USAF host unit at Paine. It was assigned a number of support organizations to fulfill its host responsibilities. ^{[16] [17] [18] [19] [20]} Its 321st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron assumed the personnel and equipment of the 83d Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which was transferred to Hamilton Air Force Base, California without personnel or equipment. ^{[3] [21]}

64th FIS F-102 at Paine field

The group received later model Scorpions and by 1956 was entirely equipped with the F-89H, which could carry AIM-4 Falcons in addition to the unguided Mighty Mouse rockets. It finally equipped with nuclear-capable F-89Js, armed with the AIR-2 Genie and equipped with data link for interception control through the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment system in the spring of 1958. ^[15] For a brief period in 1960, the group was without an operational element, as the 321st Squadron was discontinued on 1 March ^[3] and the 64th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which replaced it, did not move to Paine Field with its Convair F-102 Delta Daggers until 15 March. ^[22] The group was inactivated in April 1961 and its personnel and equipment were reassigned to the 57th Fighter Group (Air Defense), which also assumed its mission. ^[23]

Systems development

B-1 assigned to flight testing

The wing was formed in 2005 as the Long Range Strike Systems Wing ^[24] as part of the Air Force Materiel Command Transformation initiative that replaced traditional staff offices in the command's centers with wings, groups, and squadrons. It was redesignated the following year when it was consolidated with the 326th Tactical Fighter Group. The 326th was a 297-person unit directing more than 44 programs with a budget exceeding $5 billion, and was responsible for the program execution to develop, acquire, field and modernize existing and advanced aircraft strike capabilities. ^[25] The wing consisted of the B-1 Systems Group (later the 326th Aeronautical Systems Group) for Rockwell B-1 Lancer systems, the B-2 Systems Group (later the 726th Aeronautical Systems Group) for Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit systems, the Airborne Electronic Attack Systems Squadron (later the 651st Aeronautical Systems Squadron, ^{[note 3]} and the F-117 Systems Squadron (later the 650th Aeronautical Systems Squadron) for Lockheed F-117 Nighthawk systems. It also provided operations management support to the Joint Unmanned Combat Air System Program Office. In 2008, the wing and its component groups were inactivated, while its two squadrons were reassigned to the 312th Aeronautical Systems Wing. ^[26]

Lineage

326th Fighter Group

• Constituted as 326th Fighter Group (Single Engine) on 24 June 1942

Activated on 19 August 1942

Disbanded on 10 April 1944

• Reconstituted and redesignated 326th Fighter Group (Air Defense) on 20 June 1955

Activated on 18 August 1955 ^[27]

Discontinued and inactivated on 1 April 1961 ^[28]

Redesignated 326th Tactical Fighter Group on 31 July 1985 ^[29]

• Consolidated with Long Range Strike Systems Wing on 23 June 2006 as the Long Range Strike Systems Wing ^[24]

Long Range Strike Systems Wing

• Constituted on as Long Range Strike Systems Wing on 23 November 2004

Activated on 18 January 2005 ^[24]

• Consolidated with the 326th Tactical Fighter Group on 23 June 2006 ^[26]

Consolidated Wing

• Long Range Strike Systems Wing and 326th Tactical Fighter Group consolidated on 23 June 2006 ^[24]

Redesignated 326th Aeronautical Systems Wing on 14 July 2006 ^[24]

Inactivated on 30 June 2008 ^[26]

Assignments

• New York Air Defense Wing, 19 August 1942 ^[30]
• I Fighter Command, 13 Oct 43 – 10 April 1944 ^[31]
• 25th Air Division, 18 August 1955 ^[28]
• Seattle Air Defense Sector, 10 February 1960 – 1 April 1961 ^[28]
• Aeronautical Systems Center, 23 June 2006 – 30 June 2008 ^{[24] [26]}

Components

Groups

• B-1 Systems Group (later 326th Aeronautical Systems Group), 18 January 2005 – 30 June 2008 ^{[24] [26]}
• B-2 Systems Group (later 726th Aeronautical Systems Group), 18 January 2005 – 30 June 2008 ^{[24] [26]}

Operational Squadrons 64th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, 15 March 1960 – 1 April 1961 [22] 320th Fighter Squadrons, 19 August 1942 – 25 November 1943 [2] 321st Fighter (later Fighter-Interceptor) Squadron, 19 August 1942 – 10 April 1944; 18 August 1955 – 1 March 1960 [3] 322d Fighter Squadron, 19 August 1942 – 10 April 1944 [4] 442d Fighter Squadron, 24 February – 25 November 1943 [6] 538th Fighter Squadron, 25 November 1943 – 10 April 1944 [8] 539th Fighter Squadron, 25 November 1943 – 10 April 1944 [9]

Support Units 326th USAF Infirmary (later 326th USAF Dispensary), 18 April 1955 – 1 April 1961 [18] [20] 326th Air Base Squadron, 18 April 1955 – 1 April 1961 [19] 326th Consolidated Aircraft Maintenance Squadron, 8 July 1957 – 1 April 1961 [16] 326th Materiel Squadron, 18 April 1955 – 1 April 1961 [17] Airborne Electronic Attack Systems Squadron (later 651st Aeronautical Systems Squadron), 18 January 2005 – 30 June 2008 [24] [26] F-117 Systems Squadron (later 650th Aeronautical Systems Squadron), 18 January 2005 – 30 June 2008 [24] [26]

Stations

Mitchel Field, New York, 19 August 1942 Bradley Field, Connecticut, 1 September 1942 Westover Field, Massachusetts, 1 November 1942

Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina, 13 October 1943 – 10 April 1944 Paine Field, Washington, 18 August 1955 – 1 April 1961 [27] [28] Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, 18 January 2005 – 30 June 2008 [26]

Aircraft

• P-47 Thunderbolt, 1942–1944 ^[1]
• F-89D Scorpion, 1955–1956 ^[3]
• F-89H Scorpion, 1956–1958 ^[3]
• F-89J Scorpion, 1958–1960 ^[3]
• F-102A Delta Dagger, 1960–1961 ^[22]
• TF-102B Delta Dagger, 1960–1961 ^[22]

Campaigns

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	American Theater without inscription	19 August 1942 – 10 April 1944	326th Fighter Group [1]

See also

• F-89 Scorpion units of the United States Air Force
• List of inactive AFCON wings of the United States Air Force
• List of United States Air Force Aerospace Defense Command Interceptor Squadrons

References

Notes

1. Aircraft is F-102A-75-CO Delta Dagger serial 56-1344. This plane crashed into Crystal Peak, South of Port Angeles, Washington on 8 February 1964 and its pilot died.
2. Aircraft is Rockwell B-1B Lancer Lot IV serial 85-75 testing a Sniper targeting pod with a multiple sensors.
3. Mr. Jackson's USAF biography indicates the squadron was also responsible for Boeing B-52 Stratofortress programs. Mr. Jackson was the director of the wing from its activation until February 2007.

Citations

1. Maurer, Combat Units, p. 208
2. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 393
3. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 394
4. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 395–396
5. Craven & Cate, Introduction, p. xxxvi
6. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 547–548
7. "Abstract, History 402 Fighter Group Oct 43 – Apr 44". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
8. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 644–645
9. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, pp. 645–646
10. Craven & Cate, The Organization and its Responsibilities, p. 75
11. See Mueller, p. 523
12. "Abstract, History Bluethenthal Field Apr 1944 – Oct 1945". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
13. Cornett & Johnson, p. 83
14. Buss, et al., p.6
15. Cornett & Johnson, p. 125
16. Cornett & Johnson, p. 139
17. Cornett & Johnson, p. 145
18. "Abstract, History 326 Infirmary Jul–Dec 1955". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
19. "Abstract, History 326 Air Base Squadron, CY 1958–1959". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
20. "Abstract, History 326 USAF Dispensary, Jan–Jun 1957". Air Force History Index. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
21. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 290
22. Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 244
23. Robertson, Patsy (29 July 2009). "Factsheet 57 Operations Group (ACC)". Air Force Historical Research Agency. Archived from the original on 23 February 2012. Retrieved 6 July 2015.
24. Air Force Organization Change Report, January 2005, Research Division, AF Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL
25. "Biography, Charles B. "Chuck" Jackson". United States Air Force. 6 October 2007. Archived from the original on 13 April 2010. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
26. Air Force Organization Change Report, June 2008, Research Division, AF Historical Research Agency, Maxwell AFB, AL
27. Lineage and stations through 1955 are from Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 208.
28. Cornett & Johnson, p. 78
29. Department of the Air Force/MPM Letter 648q, 31 July 1985, Subject: Reconstitution, Redesignation, and Consolidation of Selected Air Force Organizations
30. Maurer, Combat Units, p. 427
31. See Maurer, Combat Units, p. 208 (assignment to First Air Force continued after move.)

Bibliography

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency.

• Buss, Lydus H.(ed), Sturm, Thomas A., Volan, Denys, and McMullen, Richard F., History of Continental Air Defense Command and Air Defense Command July to December 1955, Directorate of Historical Services, Air Defense Command, Ent AFB, CO, (1956)
• Cornett, Lloyd H; Johnson, Mildred W (1980). A Handbook of Aerospace Defense Organization, 1946–1980 (PDF). Peterson AFB, CO: Office of History, Aerospace Defense Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 February 2016. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
• Craven, Wesley F; Cate, James L, eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. LCCN   48-3657.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1983) [1961]. Air Force Combat Units of World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-02-1. LCCN   61060979.
• Maurer, Maurer, ed. (1982) [1969]. Combat Squadrons of the Air Force, World War II (PDF) (reprint ed.). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-405-12194-6. LCCN   70605402. OCLC   72556.
• Mueller, Robert (1989). Air Force Bases, Vol. I, Active Air Force Bases Within the United States of America on 17 September 1982 (PDF). Washington, DC: Office of Air Force History. ISBN   0-912799-53-6.

Further reading

• Leonard, Barry (2009). History of Strategic Air and Ballistic Missile Defense (PDF). Vol. II, 1955–1972. Fort McNair, DC: Center for Military History. ISBN   978-1-4379-2131-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2013.

External links

• "326th Aeronautical Systems Wing, was: Long Range Strike (LRS) Systems Wing". Air Force Developmental Engineers. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 6 July 2015.