Allium victorialis

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Allium victorialis
ALLIUM VICTORIALIS - GENTO - IB-888 (All victorial).JPG
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Allioideae
Genus: Allium
Subgenus: A. subg. Anguinum
Species:
A. victorialis
Binomial name
Allium victorialis
L. Sp. Pl. 1: 295. 1753 [2] [3]
Synonyms [4]
Synonymy
  • Cepa victorialis(L.) Moench
  • Loncostemon victoriale(L.) Raf.
  • Geboscon lanceolatumRaf.
  • Geboscon triphylumRaf.
  • Berenice victorialis(L.) Salisb.
  • Anguinum victorialis(L.) Fourr.
  • Caloscordum victorialis(L.) Banfi & Galasso
  • Allium plantagineumLam.
  • Allium convallarifoliumPall. ex Ledeb.
  • Allium plantaginenseWillk. & Lange
  • Allium longibulbumDulac
  • Allium reticulatumSt.-Lag. 1880, illegitimate homonym not J. Presl & C. Presl 1819
  • Allium anguinumBubani.

Allium victorialis, commonly known as victory onion, Alpine leek, and Alpine broad-leaf allium [5] is a broad-leaved Eurasian species of wild onion. It is a perennial of the Amaryllis family that occurs widely in mountainous regions of Europe (including Caucasus) and parts of Asia (Himalayas). [4] [6]

Contents

Some authors consider certain East Asian and Alaskan populations as constituting subspecies platyphyllum within the species Allium victorialis. [2] [7] Recent sources recognize this group as a distinct species, called Allium ochotense. [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

General description

Allium victorialis attains a height of 30–45 cm (11.8–17.7 in) and forms a sheathed bulb ("root-stalk") about the thickness of a finger and 5–8 cm (2.0–3.1 in) long. [13] Leaves are broad, elliptical or lanceolate. Flowers (perianths) are whitish green. [13]

Distribution

Allium victorialis is found widely across mountain ranges Europe, as well as the Caucasus and the Himalayas. [4]

Nomenclature

The specific epithet victorialis comes from the German Siegwurz (Root of Victory), [14] and it earned this name having been "worn as an amulet, to be as safeguard against the attacks of certain impure spirits," by Bohemian miners among others. [14]

Uses

The plant, in past centuries in certain mountainous regions of Europe, "was cultivated as a medicinal and fetish plant". [15] The plant known as pukusa to the Ainu people in northern Japan, an important food source, had been classed as A .victorialis subsp. platyphyllum, [16] but recent genetics classify it under its own species, Allium ochotense . [17]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Holubec, V., Magos Brehm, J., Uzundzhalieva, K., Vögel, R., Vörösváry, G., Eliáš, P. & Duarte, M.C. (2011). Allium victorialis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T172231A6854104. Downloaded on 05 January 2019.
  2. 1 2 McNeal, Dale W. Jr.; Jacobsen, T. D. (2002). "Allium victorialis". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 26. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  3. ↑ GRIN (May 12, 2011). "Allium victorialis L. information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
  4. 1 2 3 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium victorialis
  5. ↑ Korea National Arboretum (2015). English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: National Arboretum. p. 348. ISBN   978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2016– via Korea Forest Service.
  6. ↑ Altervista Flora Italiana, Aglio serpentino, victory onion, alpine leek, Allium victorialis L. includes photos and European distribution map
  7. ↑ Xu, Jiemei; Kamelin, Rudolf V. "Allium victorialis". Flora of China. Vol. 24. p. 172 – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  8. ↑ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Allium ochotense Prokh.
  9. ↑ The Plant List, Allium ochotense Prokh.
  10. ↑ Kharkevich, S.S. (ed.) (1987). Plantae Vasculares Orientalis Extremi Sovietici 2: 1-448. Nauka, Leningrad.
  11. ↑ Denisov, N. (2008). Addition to Vascular flora of the Kozlov island (Peter the Great Gulf, Japanese sea). Turczaninowia 11(4): 29-42.
  12. ↑ Choi & Oh 2011.
  13. 1 2 Thompson, Harold Stuart (1912). Sub-alpine Plants: Or, Flowers of the Swiss Woods and Meadows (preview). G. Routledge & Sons. p. 280.. 1–1.5 ft (0.30–0.46 m) height; and rootstalk 5.1–7.6 cm (2–3 in).
  14. 1 2 Sims, John (1809). "Allium victorialis. Long-rooted garlic". Curtis's Botanical Magazine. 30: 1222–.
  15. ↑ Rabinowitch, Haim D.; Currah, Lesley (2002). Allium Crop Science: Recent Advances (preview). CABI. p. 26. ISBN   978-0851-99510-6.
  16. ↑ Bachelor, John (1893). "Ainu Economic Plants". Tota. Archived from the original on 2021-06-28.
  17. ↑ Quattrocchi, Umberto, ed. (2012). "Allium ochotense". CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press. p. 173. ISBN   978-1-4822-5064-0.

Bibliography

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