Baras | |
---|---|
Municipality of Baras | |
Welcome arch | |
![]() Map of Rizal with Baras highlighted | |
Location within the Philippines | |
Coordinates: 14°31′N121°16′E / 14.52°N 121.27°E | |
Country | Philippines |
Region | Calabarzon |
Province | Rizal |
District | 2nd district |
Founded | 1595 |
Annexation to Morong | October 12, 1903 |
Annexation to Tanay | January 16, 1906 |
Chartered | November 24, 1920 |
Barangays | 10 (see Barangays) |
Government | |
• Type | Sangguniang Bayan |
• Mayor | Wilfredo C. Robles |
• Vice Mayor | Kathrine B. Robles |
• Representative | Emigdio P. Tanjuatco III |
• Municipal Council | Members |
• Electorate | 46,282 voters (2022) |
Area | |
• Total | 84.93 km2 (32.79 sq mi) |
Elevation | 55 m (180 ft) |
Highest elevation | 284 m (932 ft) |
Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
Population (2020 census) [3] | |
• Total | 87,637 |
• Density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |
• Households | 21,208 |
Economy | |
• Income class | 4th municipal income class |
• Poverty incidence | 7.61 |
• Revenue | ₱ 247.3 million (2020) |
• Assets | ₱ 438.1 million (2020) |
• Expenditure | ₱ 248.3 million (2020) |
• Liabilities | ₱ 156.9 million (2020) |
Service provider | |
• Electricity | Manila Electric Company (Meralco) |
Time zone | UTC+8 (PST) |
ZIP code | 1970 |
PSGC | |
IDD : area code | +63 (0)2 |
Native languages | Tagalog |
Website | www |
Baras, officially the Municipality of Baras (Tagalog : Bayan ng Baras), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 87,637 people. [3]
Baras is 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Antipolo and 49 kilometres (30 mi) from Manila.
In 1595, the Franciscan missionaries under the leadership of Fr. Juan de Placencia and Fr. Diego de Oropesa, founded a “visita” for Morong on the present site of Bosoboso, south of Painaan with Apostol Santiago as its patron saint. It was known as “Visita de Santiago” or Santiago until such time that it became Baras. Baras was then inhabited by 400 Aetas and other mountain people. [5]
In 1636, the town was transferred to a place called Ibayo, one and one-half leagues southeast of the first site due to the hostility of the Aetas and the mountaineers who burned part of the town and church in 1635. San Salvador became their patron saint. However, the town and church of Baras was burned by Chinese rebels in 1639, who were retreating from Manila to the Sierra Madre mountains.
The ecclesiastical administration of Baras was given back by the Jesuits to the Franciscan in 1679. Two years later In 1682, the town was transferred to its present site where they would not be menaced by marauding tribes of the mountaineers.
Baras was under the jurisdiction of the province of Laguna from 1606 to 1853. Its administration was transferred to the newly created Distrito Politico-Militar de los Montes de San Mateo. This district was renamed to Distrito de Morong in 1857 whose capital was in Antipolo but was later transferred to Morong.
In July 1895, the representatives of Katipunan came to inform the people of Morong, Tanay, Antipolo, Baras and Pililla about the cause of the secret society. The Katipunan of Baras established the Real or Military Camp at sitio of Gogo or Pamitinan. On November 21, 1896, the Katipunan attempted to capture the town of Morong but were driven by the Guardia Civil. By 1898, Baras had joined the Revolutionary Government of Emilio Aguinaldo.
After the defeat of the Spaniards in Morong, the Aguinaldo Headquarters ordered the establishment of the municipal township. A special election was held. However, the Revolutionary Government of Aguinaldo did not last because of the outbreak of the Filipino-American War. On March 29, 1900, Military Order No. 40, by Governor General Meritt came in effect. This order was for the election of an Alcalde Municipal, Vice Alcalde, and the Municipal Council. This was implemented in October of the same year.
Act No. 942 was passed by the Philippine Commission in 1901, providing the establishment of the Province of Rizal to be comprised in part of towns from the former Distrito de Morong. Baras effectively became part of the new province. However, on October 12, 1903, it was annexed to the town of Morong. [6]
On January 16, 1906, Baras was annexed to Tanay by virtue of Act No. 1442. [7] But as Baras was not represented as a barrio of Tanay, and previously under Morong, there was a movement for the separation of Baras as an independent town. Under the leadership of Leopoldo Digma, the clamor was realized through Executive Order No. 57, dated November 24, 1920, establishing the Municipality of Baras. [5]
During the Second World War, the Imperial Japanese armed forces occupied and entered the municipal town of Baras in 1942. The local guerrillas of the General Marking Unit sieged and invaded the town of Baras and attacked the Japanese from 1942 to 1945. The local Filipino troops of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and the Philippine Constabulary units liberated the municipality of Baras in 1945. The guerrillas of the General Marking Units defeated the Japanese forces, and it ended World War II.
The Military General Headquarters and Camp Bases of the 53rd Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army was established and active from January 3, 1942, to June 30, 1946, and built Camp Caparas in Baras. The military engagements of the Anti-Japanese Operations in Manila and Southern Luzon aided the local guerrilla resistance fighters and U.S. military forces against the Japanese Imperial forces.
The town of Baras was razed to the ground on March 10, 1945. This signified the liberation of the town but also left many homeless. The rehabilitation of the town began. War damage claims were filed to the amount of P 300,000 to be used for the construction of new houses. Then mayor, Mariano Golla, focused on the improvement of roads and the construction of a public dispensary. Under his term, Baras was elevated to a fourth-class municipality due to an increase in income. [5]
Under the succeeding administrations, improvements of road networks were implemented; seven liberty wells were constructed; the number of schoolhouses were increased; river controls in Barangay San Juan and San Jose were constructed; rehabilitation of the existing government building continued; and a reforestation program was launched.
Baras is politically subdivided into 10 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
There is only one urban barangay (highlighted in bold) and the rest of the barangays are classified as rural.
Climate data for Baras, Rizal | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26 (79) | 27 (81) | 28 (82) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 29 (84) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 24 (74) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 40 (1.6) | 33 (1.3) | 35 (1.4) | 38 (1.5) | 138 (5.4) | 190 (7.5) | 242 (9.5) | 216 (8.5) | 224 (8.8) | 200 (7.9) | 114 (4.5) | 94 (3.7) | 1,564 (61.6) |
Average rainy days | 12.2 | 9.0 | 11.0 | 11.7 | 21.5 | 24.0 | 27.2 | 26.1 | 26.8 | 22.3 | 16.3 | 15.1 | 223.2 |
Source: Meteoblue [8] |
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1903 | 1,200 | — |
1939 | 2,120 | +1.59% |
1948 | 2,745 | +2.91% |
1960 | 4,454 | +4.12% |
1970 | 7,166 | +4.86% |
1975 | 9,722 | +6.31% |
1980 | 11,196 | +2.86% |
1990 | 16,880 | +4.19% |
1995 | 20,060 | +3.29% |
2000 | 24,514 | +4.39% |
2007 | 31,524 | +3.53% |
2010 | 32,609 | +1.24% |
2015 | 69,300 | +15.44% |
2020 | 87,637 | +4.72% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [9] [10] [11] [12] |
In the 2020 census, the population of Baras, Rizal, was 87,637 people, [3] with a density of 1,000 inhabitants per square kilometre or 2,600 inhabitants per square mile.
Poverty incidence of Baras
2.5 5 7.5 10 12.5 15 2006 9.00 2009 11.43 2012 9.13 2015 8.54 2018 6.40 2021 7.61 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] |
The oldest and most notable landmark in Baras is the Diocesan Shrine and Parish of Saint Joseph, it enshrines the miraculous venerated image of San Jose de Baras. The Church was built by the Franciscan missionaries in 1682, the same year the town was transferred to its present site. It was completed in 1686 and was dedicated to St. Joseph, the town's patron saint. It is known for having paniki in its ceiling. The Church has been seen in well-known international and local films, TV series and commercials. [5]
This breathtaking man-made falls in Palo Alto is just an hour drive from the town's population. Located in Marcos Highway (Marikina–Infanta Highway)
Legend says two lovers who had family issues committed suicide at the falls so no one will be able to separate them. The Falls is now being managed by the Local Government Unit. Few minutes of hike will take you to the cold as ice falls of Kinamatayan.
A conservation area adjacent to Garden Cottages located in the mountainous section Marcos Highway (Markina-Infanta Highway) of Baras by its border with Tanay, Rizal.
Baras is also the home of the Philippines' native martial arts', Sikaran. This ancient martial art was popular among the farmers in the village of Bara even before the Spanish conquest of the Philippine Archipelago in 1521.
Hari Osias Banaag, founder of the Global Sikaran Federation and diplomat for the traditional game, attended and was warmly received at the UNESCO Collective Consultation Meeting on the Preservation and the Promotion of Traditional Sports and Game (TSG). Hari Osias Banaag is an appointed member of Ad hoc Advisory Committee Traditional Sports and Games, UNESCO(TSG). [21]
Rizal, officially the Province of Rizal, is a province in the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region in Luzon. Its capital is the city of Antipolo. It is about 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) east of Manila. The province is named after José Rizal, one of the main national heroes of the Philippines. It is bordered by Metro Manila to the west, Bulacan to the north, Quezon to the east and Laguna to the southeast. The province also lies on the northern shores of Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the country. Rizal is a mountainous province perched on the western slopes of the southern portion of the Sierra Madre mountain range.
Calabarzon, sometimes referred to as Southern Tagalog and designated as Region IV‑A, is an administrative region in the Philippines. The region comprises five provinces: Batangas, Cavite, Laguna, Quezon, and Rizal; and one highly urbanized city, Lucena. It is the most populous region in the Philippines, according to the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), having over 16.1 million inhabitants in 2020, and is also the country's second most densely populated after the National Capital Region. It is situated southeast of Metro Manila, and is bordered by Manila Bay and South China Sea to the west, Lamon Bay and the Bicol Region to the east, Tayabas Bay and the Sibuyan Sea to the south, and Central Luzon to the north. It is home to places like Mount Makiling near Los Baños, Laguna, and Taal Volcano in Batangas.
Rodriguez, officially the Municipality of Rodriguez and commonly known by its former name Montalban, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 443,954 people making it the most populous municipality in the country. Pending an affirmation through plebiscite, Republic Act No. 11812 repealed Batas Pambansa Blg. 275 and intend to formally revert to its original municipal name Montalban.
Antipolo, officially the City of Antipolo, is a 1st class component city and capital of the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 887,399 people. It is the most populous city in Rizal Province and in Calabarzon region, and the seventh most-populous city in the Philippines. It is also the most populated city under the component city status.
Mabitac, officially the Municipality of Mabitac, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 21,275 people.
San Mateo, officially the Municipality of San Mateo, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 273,306.
Cainta, officially the Municipality of Cainta, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 376,933 people.
Teresa, officially the Municipality of Teresa, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 64,072 people.
Rizal, officially the Municipality of Rizal, is a 5th class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 18,332 people.
Alaminos, officially the Municipality of Alaminos, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 51,619 people.
Pila, officially the Municipality of Pila, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 54,613 people.
Siniloan, officially the Municipality of Siniloan, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Laguna, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 39,460 people.
Taytay, officially the Municipality of Taytay, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. It is also known as the Garments Capital of the Philippines.
Tanay, officially the Municipality of Tanay, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 139,420 people.
Angono, officially the Municipality of Angono, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 130,494 people.
Binangonan, officially the Municipality of Binangonan, is a 1st class urban municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 313,631 people.
Cardona, officially the Municipality of Cardona, is a 3rd class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 50,143 people.
Morong, officially the Municipality of Morong, is a second class municipality located in the province of Rizal, Philippines. As per the 2020 census, Morong has a population of 71,151 people.
Pililla, officially the Municipality of Pililla, is a 1st class municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 71,535 people. It is surrounded by farms, small mountains, plains, and trees. Pililla is known as the Green Field Municipality of Rizal.
Padre Garcia, officially the Municipality of Padre Garcia, is a 2nd class municipality in the province of Batangas, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 51,853 people.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)