Camp Harlan-Camp McKean Historic District

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Camp Harlan-Camp McKean Historic District

Image The Swan House.jpeg

Hugh B. and Mary Swan House (1854)
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Location 2260 Hickory Ave.
Mount Pleasant, Iowa
Coordinates 40°58′46.6″N91°34′41.4″W / 40.979611°N 91.578167°W / 40.979611; -91.578167 Coordinates: 40°58′46.6″N91°34′41.4″W / 40.979611°N 91.578167°W / 40.979611; -91.578167
Area 68 acres (28 ha)
Built 1854 (house)
1930 (marker)
Architectural style Greek Revival
Italianate
NRHP reference # 12001117 [1]
Added to NRHP January 2, 2013

The Camp Harlan-Camp McKean Historic District, also known as the Hugh B. and Mary H. Swan Farmstead and the Springdale Stock Farm, is a nationally recognized historic district located northwest of Mount Pleasant, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013. [1] At the time of its nomination it consisted of eight resources, which includes two contributing buildings, one contributing site, one contributing object and four non-contributing buildings. [2]

Historic districts in the United States group of buildings, properties, or sites that have been designated as historically or architecturally significant

Historic districts in the United States are designated historic districts recognizing a group of buildings, properties, or sites by one of several entities on different levels as historically or architecturally significant. Buildings, structures, objects and sites within a historic district are normally divided into two categories, contributing and non-contributing. Districts greatly vary in size: some have hundreds of structures, while others have just a few.

Mount Pleasant, Iowa City in Iowa, United States

Mount Pleasant is a city in and the county seat of Henry County, Iowa, in the United States. The population was 8,668 in the 2010 census, a decline from 8,751 in the 2000 census. It was founded in 1835 by pioneer Presley Saunders.

National Register of Historic Places federal list of historic sites in the United States

The National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) is the United States federal government's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District, may qualify for tax incentives derived from the total value of expenses incurred preserving the property.

Description

The district is a farm that was used as a rendezvous camp by the Union Army during the American Civil War. [2] The two contributing buildings are brick farm buildings that were here when the camps were in operation. The Hugh B. and Mary Swan House (c. 1854) is a two-story brick structure that exhibits Greek Revival and Italianate influences. The two-level, brick spring house is a vernacular structure with a gable-roof. While typical in Pennsylvania, this is a rare example of a spring house in Iowa. [2] A large stone was erected as a monument to the two Civil War camps in a southwest corner of the farm. It was placed by the Belle Coddington Tent No. 34 of the Daughters of Union Veterans, on June 8, 1930. The open rolling fields to the east of the house are the contributing site as they were the location of the camps. Four frame 20th-century farm buildings are the non-contributing buildings.

Union Army Land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War

During the American Civil War, the Union Army referred to the United States Army, the land force that fought to preserve the Union of the collective states. Also known as the Federal Army, it proved essential to the preservation of the United States of America as a working, viable republic.

American Civil War Civil war in the United States from 1861 to 1865

The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865, between the North and the South. The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history. Primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people, war broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina shortly after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaimed support for the Constitution. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States in the South, who advocated for states' rights to uphold slavery.

Greek Revival architecture architectural movement of the late 18th and early 19th centuries

The Greek Revival was an architectural movement of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, predominantly in Northern Europe and the United States. A product of Hellenism, it may be looked upon as the last phase in the development of Neoclassical architecture. The term was first used by Charles Robert Cockerell in a lecture he gave as Professor of Architecture to the Royal Academy of Arts, London in 1842.

Hugh B. and Mary H. Swan are Pennsylvania natives who built the house and banked spring house around 1854. Part of the farm was leased by the Swans to the federal government for use as a rendezvous camp. Camp Harlan was located here from September 1861 to February 1862 and utilized by the 4th Iowa Cavalry. Camp McKean was located here from August 1862 to November 1862 and it was utilized by the 25th Iowa Infantry. A total of 27 rendezvous camps were utilized in Iowa during the Civil War, and for the most part, they were located along the Mississippi River. In addition to these two camps, "inland" camps were located in Iowa City, Des Moines, Ottumwa, and Oskaloosa. Camp Harlan/McKean was one of five camps in the state that were in operation during rendezvous phases two to four from the fall 1861 to the end of 1862. The other camps include Camp McClellan in Davenport, Camp Lincoln in Keokuk, Camp Union in Dubuque, and Camp Pope in Iowa City. Even though nothing remains of the camps above ground, they are considered well-preserved campsites when considered against the others, which have largely been redeveloped. [2]

Pennsylvania State of the United States of America

Pennsylvania, officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. The Appalachian Mountains run through its middle. The Commonwealth is bordered by Delaware to the southeast, Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, Lake Erie and the Canadian province of Ontario to the northwest, New York to the north, and New Jersey to the east.

The 25th Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

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