Coprococcus

Coprococcus
Scientific classification
Domain:	Bacteria
Kingdom:	Bacillati
Phylum:	Bacillota
Class:	Clostridia
Order:	Eubacteriales
Family:	Lachnospiraceae
Genus:	Coprococcus Holdeman and Moore 1974 [1]
Type species
Coprococcus eutactus Holdeman and Moore 1974
Species
C. aceti C. ammoniilyticus C. eutactus C. hominis C. immobilis C. intestinihominis C. mobilis

Coprococcus is a genus of obligately anaerobic, nonmotile, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the human and animal gut microbiota. ^[2]

Coprococcus spp. are notable for their ability to ferment dietary fibers into short-chain fatty acids, especially butyrate, which is a key metabolite that supports colonocyte health, enhances mucosal integrity, and has anti-inflammatory properties. The genus is considered an important contributor to colonic homeostasis and overall gut health. ^[3]

Depletion of Coprococcus has been reported in patients with colorectal cancer, although a direct protective role remains to be fully established. ^[4]

One species, Coprococcus comes, may also influence the efficacy of blood pressure-lowering medications by modifying gut metabolism of esterified angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. ^[5]

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) ^[1] and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) ^[6]

16S rRNA-based LTP_10_2024 [7] [8] [9]	120 marker gene-based GTDB 09-RS220 [10] [11] [12]
Coprococcus C. eutactus Holdeman & Moore 1974 C. ammoniilyticusHitch et al. 2022 C. hominisLiu et al. 2022	Coprococcus C. eutactus C. ammoniilyticus

Additional species placed elsewhere in LTP and GTDB phylogenies:

• Coprococcus catusHoldeman and Moore 1974
• Coprococcus comesHoldeman and Moore 1974
• "Coprococcus phoceensis" Bonnet et al. 2019

Etymology

From Ancient Greek:

• kopros – excrement, faeces
• kokkos – berry

→ Coprococcus – faecal coccus

See also

• List of bacterial orders
• List of bacteria genera

References

1. A.C. Parte; et al. "Coprococcus". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved 2022-09-09.
2. Holdeman, L. V.; Moore, W. E. C. (1974). "New Genus, Coprococcus, Twelve New Species, and Emended Descriptions of Four Previously Described Species of Bacteria from Human Feces". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 24 (2): 260–277. doi: 10.1099/00207713-24-2-260 .
3. Louis, Petia; Flint, Harry J. (2017). "Formation of propionate and butyrate by the human colonic microbiota". Environmental Microbiology. 19 (1): 29–41. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.13589. hdl: 2164/9751 . PMID   27235414.
4. Xia, Li C.; Liu, Gang; Gao, Yingxin; Li, Xiaoxin; Pan, Hongfei; Ai, Dongmei (2019). "Identifying Gut Microbiota Associated With Colorectal Cancer Using a Zero-Inflated Lognormal Model". Frontiers in Microbiology. 10: 826. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00826 . ISSN   1664-302X. PMC   6491826 . PMID   31068913.
5. Yang et al. (2022). Identification of a gut commensal that compromises the blood pressure-lowering effect of ester angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.121.18711. Hypertension. 2022;79:1591–1601.
6. Sayers; et al. "Coprococcus". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
7. "The LTP" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
8. "LTP_all tree in newick format" . Retrieved 10 December 2024.
9. "LTP_10_2024 Release Notes" (PDF). Retrieved 10 December 2024.
10. "GTDB release 09-RS220". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
11. "bac120_r220.sp_labels". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.
12. "Taxon History". Genome Taxonomy Database . Retrieved 10 May 2024.