Cramaucheniinae

Cramaucheniinae Temporal range: Middle Eocene-Middle Miocene (Mustersan-Mayoan) ~48–11.8  Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Skull of Cramauchenia
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Order:	† Litopterna
Superfamily:	† Macrauchenioidea
Family:	† Macraucheniidae
Subfamily:	† Cramaucheniinae Ameghino, 1902
Genera
† Caliphrium † Coniopternium † Cramauchenia † Llullataruca † Phoenixauchenia † Polymorphis ? † Pternoconius † Theosodon

Cramaucheniinae is a paraphyletic ^[1] or monophyletic ^[2] subfamily of macraucheniids that originated in the middle Eocene (Mustersan SALMA). The size range of the group ranged from small, basal forms to larger and more derived forms. During their evolution, the cramaucheniines undergone a trend from evolving from small basal forms such as Polymorphis into larger, more derived taxa such as Theosodon . ^{[3] [1]}

References

1. Schmidt, Gabriela I.; Ferrero, Brenda S. (September 2014). "Taxonomic Reinterpretation of Theosodon hystatus Cabrera and Kraglievich, 1931 (Litopterna, Macraucheniidae) and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Family". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (5): 1231–1238. Bibcode:2014JVPal..34.1231S. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.837393. hdl: 11336/18953 . S2CID   86091386. Archived from the original on 2022-10-06. Retrieved 2022-10-06.
2. Souza Lobo, L.; Gelfo, J.N.; de Azevedo, S.A.K. (July 2024). "The phylogeny of Macraucheniidae (Mammalia, Panperissodactyla, Litopterna) at the genus level". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 22 (1). doi:10.1080/14772019.2024.2364201.
3. Andrew J. McGrath; Federico Anaya; Darin A. Croft (2018). "Two new macraucheniids (Mammalia: Litopterna) from the late middle Miocene (Laventan South American Land Mammal Age) of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 38 (3): e1461632. Bibcode:2018JVPal..38E1632M. doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1461632. S2CID   89881990.