| Henricosbornia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | † Notoungulata |
| Family: | † Henricosborniidae |
| Genus: | † Henricosbornia Ameghino 1901 |
| Type species | |
| Henricosbornia lophodonta Ameghino, 1901 | |
| Species | |
| |
| Synonyms | |
Genus synonymy
Species synonymy
| |
Henricosbornia is an extinct genus of henricosborniid notoungulate that lived from the Late Paleocene to the Middle Eocene of what is now Argentina and Brazil.
This animal is mostly known from its fossilized teeth, and any reconstruction of it is therefore only hypothetical. The dentition of Henricosbornia was primitive in that it had no diastema, and the molars and premolars were low-crowned (brachydont). All the upper molars were triangular in section, and devoid of hypoconus. The crest of the trigonid was oblique, and the metaconid was higher than the protoconid. The entoconid was posterior, and took the form of a transversal crest. The species Henricosbornia lophodonta exhibits a large intraspecific variability in the metaloph morphology.
The genus Henricosbornia was first described in 1901 by Florentino Ameghino, based on fossil remains found in terrains dating from the Early Eocene of Argentina, in the Chubut Province. In a few years, Ameghino described numerous remains of teeth from the same area and considered them as belonging to various species of notoungulates, which he named Hericosbornia lophodonta (the type species), Hemistylops paucicuspidatus, Hemistylops trigonostyloides, Pantostylops completus, Microstylops monoconus, Prohyracotherium patagonicum, Microstylops clarus, Selenoconus spiculatus, Prohyracotherium matutinum. The generic name is derived from the famous paleontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn. All these species were later identified as Henricosbornia lophodonta by George Gaylord Simpson, who identified the numerous dental remains as intraspecific variations. [1]
Several other species were attributed to the genus, some of them still considered valid; Henricosbornia ampla, the youngest species, was found in deposits dating to the Middle Eocene as well as H. minuta. One of the species described by Ameghino in 1901, Pantostylops typus, may have been a distinct species of Henricosbornia. Fossils attributed to the genus were also discovered in slightly more ancient, Late Paleocene terrains of Argentina. [2]
Given its archaic characteristics, Henricosbornia is considered to be one of the most basal notoungulates. It is the eponymous genus of Henricosborniidae, a family including the most basal notoungulates, and classically associated with the Notostylopidae within the probably paraphyletic suborder Notioprogonia. It is related to Nanolophodon .
Pyrotherium is an extinct genus of South American ungulate, of the order Pyrotheria, that lived in what is now Argentina and Bolivia, during the Late Oligocene. It was named Pyrotherium because the first specimens were excavated from an ancient volcanic ash deposit. Fossils of the genus have been found in the Deseado and Sarmiento Formations of Argentina and the Salla Formation of Bolivia.
Henricosborniidae is a family of extinct notoungulate mammals known from the Late Paleocene to Middle Eocene of Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. The name honors U.S. paleontologist Henry Fairfield Osborn.
Ernestokokenia is an extinct genus of mammal, belonging to the Didolodontidae. It lived during the Early Eocene and the Middle Eocene, and its fossils were discovered in South America.
Paulogervaisia is an extinct genus of mammal, belonging to the family Didolodontidae. Its fossilized remains have been found in South America.
Carolozittelia is an extinct genus of mammals, belonging to the order Pyrotheria. It contains the single species Carolozittelia tapiroides which lived during the Early Eocene. Its fossilized remains were found in South America.
Asmithwoodwardia is an extinct genus of mammals, from the order Litopterna. It lived during the Late Paleocene and the Early Eocene, and its fossilized remains were found in South America.
Anisolambda is an extinct genus of litoptern. It lived from the Late Paleocene to the Middle Eocene in what is now Argentina.
Proectocion is an extinct genus of herbivorous mammal, belonging to the order Litopterna. It lived during the Early Eocene, in what is now South America.
Eohyrax is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived during the Middle Eocene, and its remains were discovered in South America.
Pseudhyrax is an extinct genus of archaeohyracid notoungulate. It lived from the Late Eocene to the Early Oligocene, of what is now South America.
Transpithecus is an extinct genus of Notoungulates, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived during the Middle Eocene in what is today South America.
Isotemnus is an extinct genus of notoungulate belonging to the family Isotemnidae. It lived from the Late Paleocene to the Middle Eocene of what is now Argentina.
Periphragnis is an extinct genus of isotemnid notoungulates that lived from the Middle Eocene to the Early Oligocene in what is now Argentina and Chile.
Pleurostylodon is an extinct genus of notoungulate belonging to the family Isotemnidae. It lived during the Middle Eocene, in what is now Argentina.
Eomorphippus is an extinct genus of notohippid notoungulate that lived from the Late Eocene to the Early Oligocene in what is today South America.
Morphippus is an extinct genus of notohippid notoungulate that lived during the Middle to Late Oligocene in what is now South America.
Archaeopithecus is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived during the Middle Eocene, in what is today Argentina.
Oldfieldthomasia is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, probably related to the suborder Typotheria. It lived during the Middle Eocene, in what is today South America.
Ultrapithecus is an extinct genus of oldfieldthomasiid notoungulate that lived during the Middle Eocene of what is now Argentina.
Notopithecus is an extinct genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the suborder Typotheria. It lived from the Middle to the Late Eocene and its fossilized remains were discovered in South America.
