Cystopteris

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Cystopteris
Cystopteris fragilis kz1.jpg
Cystopteris fragilis
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Polypodiales
Suborder: Aspleniineae
Family: Cystopteridaceae
Genus: Cystopteris
Bernh.
Type species
Cystopteris fragilis
(von Linné) Bernhardi
Species

See text

Synonyms [1]
  • CyclopterisSchrader ex Gray non Brongniart
  • CysteDulac
  • CysteaSmith
  • CystoathyriumChing
  • FiliculaSéguier
  • FilixAdanson non Ludwig non Séguier
  • Filix-fragilisGillb.
  • RhizomatopterisA.P.Khokhr.

Cystopteris is a genus of ferns in the family Cystopteridaceae. [1] [2] These are known generally as bladderferns or fragile ferns. They grow in temperate areas worldwide. This is a very diverse genus and within a species individuals can look quite different, especially in harsh environments where stress stunts their growth. They hybridize easily with each other and identifying an individual can be challenging. In general these are rhizomatous perennials which grow in rocks or soil. Their leaves are multiply pinnate, in that each leaflet is divided into smaller parts. The sori are usually rounded and covered in an inflated bladder-like indusium.

Contents

Phylogeny

This genus includes the following species: [3] [4]

Phylogeny from Fern Tree of Life [5] [6] Other species include:
Cystopteris
section

C. montana (Lam.) Desvaux (Mountain bladderfern)

Emarginatae
section

C. pellucida(Franchet) Ching

C. moupinensisFranchet

C. sudeticaBraun & Milde (Sudeten bubble fern)

Khokhrjakovia
section

C. chinensis (Ching) R.Wei & X.C.Zhang

C. bulbifera (von Linné) Bernhardi (Bulblet fern)

C. tennesseensis Shaver (Tennessee bladderfern)

C. utahensis Windham & Haufler (Utah bladderfern)

C. protrusa (Weatherby) Blasdell (Lowland bladderfern)

C. douglasiiHooker (Douglas' bladderfern)

C. sandwicensisBrackenridge

C. tasmanicaHooker

C. alpina (Lam.) Desvaux (Alpine bubble fern)

C. tenuis (Michaux) Desvaux (Upland brittle fern)

C. diaphana (Bory) Blasdell (Greenish/diaphanous bladder-fern)

C. reevesianaLellinger (Reeves' bladderfern)

C. fragilis (von Linné) Bernhardi (Brittle bladderfern)

C. membranifoliaMickel

C. laurentiana (Weatherby) Blasdell (St. Lawrence bladderfern)

C. millefoliaMickel & Tejero

Cystopteris
  • C. apiiformisGand.
  • C. deqinensisWang
  • C. dickieana (Dickie's bladderfern)
  • †C. fumariaceaWessel & Weber
  • "C. hemifragilis" (an undiscovered or extinct diploid)
  • C. uleiChrist 1900 (Ules bladderfern)

Hybrids

The hybrid species include:

Non-species hybrids include:

References

  1. 1 2 PPG I (2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 54 (6): 563–603. doi: 10.1111/jse.12229 . S2CID   39980610.
  2. ↑ Maarten J. M. Christenhusz, Xian-Chun Zhang & Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa . 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
  3. ↑ Cystopteris Bernh. Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 29 Feb 2012
  4. ↑ Hassler, Michael & Schmitt, Bernd (June 2019). "Aleuritopteris". Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. Vol. 8. Archived from the original on 2 September 2017. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
  5. ↑ Nitta, Joel H.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago; Iwasaki, Wataru; et al. (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 909768. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.909768 . PMC   9449725 . PMID   36092417.
  6. ↑ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". FTOL v1.7.0 (GenBank release 261). 2024. Retrieved 1 May 2025.
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