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In grammar, denominal verbs are verbs derived from nouns. [1] Many languages have regular morphological indicators to create denominal verbs.
English examples are to school, from school, meaning to instruct; to shelve, from shelf, meaning to put on shelves; and to symbolize, from symbol, meaning to be a symbol for.
Some common denominalizing affixes in English are -ize/-ise (e.g., summarize), -ify (e.g., classify), -ate (e.g., granulate), en- (e.g., enslave), be- (e.g., behead), and zero or -∅ (e.g., school). [2]
A variety of semantic relations are expressed between the base noun X and the derived verb. Although there is no simple relationship between the affix and the semantic relation, [2] there are semantic regularities that can define certain subclasses. [3] Such subclasses include: [1] [4] [5]
In Rgyalrong languages, denominal derivations are extremely developed and have given rise to incorporating and antipassive constructions. [6] [7]
Many Latin verbs are denominal. [8] For example, the first conjugation verb nominare (to name) is derived from nomen (a name), [8] and the fourth conjugation verb mollire (to soften) derives from the adjective mollis (soft). [9]
Denominal verb derivation is highly productive in Hebrew. They are derived from denominal roots and mostly get a set of pi'el, pu'al and hitpa'el binyans, but can accept others as well. Only active pi'el binyan is shown here:
Some roots derive verbs from more than one binyan set:
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