Indian general election, 1998

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Indian general election, 1998

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  1996 16 February, 22 February, and 28 February 1998 1999  

All 545 seats in the Lok Sabha
273 seats were needed for a majority

 First partySecond partyThird party
  Atal Bihari Vajpayee 2002-06-12.jpg Hand INC.svg Inder Kumar Gujral 071.jpg
Leader Atal Bihari Vajpayee Sitaram Kesri I. K. Gujral
Party BJP INC Janata Dal
Alliance NDA INC+ UF
Leader's seat Lucknow Bihar
(Rajya Sabha)
Bihar
(Rajya Sabha)
Seats won1821416
Seat changeIncrease2.svg21Increase2.svg1Decrease2.svg40
Popular vote96,075,54198,140,471
Percentage25.59%26.14%3.24%
SwingIncrease2.svg5.3%Decrease2.svg2.66%Decrease2.svg4.24%

Wahlergebnisse Indien 1998.svg

Lok Sabha 1998.svg

Prime Minister before election

Inder Kumar Gujral
UF

Subsequent Prime Minister

Atal Bihari Vajpayee
NDA

General elections were held in India in 1998, after the government elected in 1996 collapsed and the 12th Lok Sabha was convened. New elections were called when Indian National Congress (INC) left the United Front government led by I.K. Gujral, after they refused to drop the regional Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) party from the government after the DMK was linked by an investigative panel to Sri Lankan separatists blamed for the killing of Rajiv Gandhi. [1] The outcome of the new elections was also indecisive, with no party or alliance able to create a strong majority. Although the Bharatiya Janata Party's Atal Bihari Vajpayee regained his position of Prime Minister getting support from 286 members out of 545, the government collapsed again in late 1999 when the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, with its 18 seats, withdrew their support. This led to a vote-of-confidence motion in the parliament, where the government lost by 272-273 (1 vote) and thus leading to new general elections in 1999. It also marked the first time since independence that India's long-time governing party, the INC, failed to win majority two consecutive elections.

India Country in South Asia

India, also known as the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh largest country by area and with more than 1.3 billion people, it is the second most populous country as well as the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Bangladesh and Myanmar to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while its Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia.

This is the list of members of the 12th Lok Sabha, after the Indian general election, 1998 held during February–March 1998. This was the third consecutive Lok Sabha like the 10th Lok Sabha and 11th Lok Sabha elections that did not provide the country with a stable government. Atal Bihari Vajpayee became the 16th Prime Minister of India but the government lasted for only about thirteen months due to no clear mandate. Also, the party was not able to get support from other parties, after the withdrawal of support by AIADMK. After his resignation, then President K. R. Narayanan asked Sonia Gandhi, the leader of the opposition in the Lok Sabha to form the government; however, Gandhi responded that the UPA would not be able to form a government at the centre, following which President Narayan dissolved the House. The next General elections of 1999 for 13th Lok Sabha provided India a stable government that lasted for full five years.

Indian National Congress Major political party in India

The Indian National Congress(pronunciation ) is a broadly based political party in India. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Empire in Asia and Africa. From the late 19th century, and especially after 1920, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, Congress became the principal leader of the Indian independence movement. Congress led India to independence from Great Britain, and powerfully influenced other anti-colonial nationalist movements in the British Empire.

Contents

Turnout was 61.97%.

Results

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This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
India
PartyAcronymAlliance% of votesSeats
Bharatiya Janata Party BJP NDA 25.59%182
Indian National Congress INC Congress 25.82%141
Communist Party of India (Marxist) CPI(M) United Front 5.4%32
Samajwadi Party SP4.93%20
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam AIADMK NDA 1.83%18
Rashtriya Janata Dal RJD Jan Morcha 2.78%17
Telugu Desam Party TDP2.77%12
Samata Party SAP NDA 1.76%12
Communist Party of India CPI United Front 1.75%9
Biju Janata Dal BJD NDA 1%9
Shiromani Akali Dal SAD NDA 0.81%8
West Bengal Trinamool Congress WBTC NDA 2.42%7
Janata Dal JD United Front 3.24%6
Independents -2.37%6
Shiv Sena SS NDA 1.77%6
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam DMK United Front 1.44%6
Bahujan Samaj Party BSP Jan Morcha 4.67%5
Revolutionary Socialist Party RSP United Front 0.55%5
Haryana Lok Dal (Rashtriya) HLD(R)0.53%4
Pattali Makkal Katchi PMK NDA 0.42%4
Republican Party of India RPI0.37%4
Tamil Maanila Congress TMC(M) United Front 1.4%3
Lok Shakti LS NDA 0.69%3
Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhhagam MDMK NDA 0.44%3
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference NC0.21%3
All India Forward Bloc AIFB United Front 0.33%2
Muslim League Kerala State Committee MUL Congress 0.22%2
Arunachal Congress AC0.05%2
Nominated Anglo-Indians --%2
All India Rashtriya Janata Party AIRJP Jan Morcha 0.56%1
Samajwadi Janata Party (Rashtriya) SJP(R) Jan Morcha 0.32%1
Haryana Vikas Party HVP NDA 0.24%1
All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimen AIMIM0.13%1
All India Indira Congress (Secular) AIIC(S) United Front 0.12%1
Janata Party JP NDA 0.12%1
Kerala Congress (Mani) KC Congress 0.1%1
United Minorities Front, Assam UMFA0.1%1
Peasants and Workers Party of India PWPI0.07%1
Autonomous State Demand Committee ASDC0.05%1
Manipur State Congress Party MSCP0.05%1
Sikkim Democratic Front SDF0.03%1
Jharkhand Mukti Morcha JMM Jan Morcha 0.36%0
Asom Gana Parishad AGP United Front 0.29%0
Hill Peoples' Democratic Party HPDP0.2%0
NTR Telugu Desam Party (Lakshmi Parvathi) NTRTDP(LP) NDA 0.1%0
Kerala Congress KC United Front 0.09%0
United Democratic Party UDP0.06%0
United Goans Democratic Party UGDP0.04%0
Manipur Peoples Party MPP0.03%0
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party MGP0.02%0
Mizo National Front MNF NDA 0.02%0
Total100%545

Summary

Alliance% of votesSeats
National Democratic Alliance 46.61%254
Congress & allies 26.42%144
United Front 11.74%64
Jan Morcha 4.40%24
Others10.82%59
Total100%545

Results by state

StatePartyAcronymAllianceSeats
Andhra PradeshIndian National CongressINCINC+22
Telugu Desam PartyTDPNDA12
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA4
Others0
Total42
AssamIndian National CongressINCINC+10
Others3
Total13
BiharBhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA19
Samata PartyNDA10
Rashtriya Janata Dal17
Indian National CongressINCINC+4
Others4
Total54
GujaratBhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA19
Indian National CongressINCINC+7
Total26
Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir National ConferenceJKNC3
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJP2
Indian National CongressINC1
Total6
KarnatakaBhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA13
Indian National CongressINCINC+9
Others6
Total28
Madhya PradeshBhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA30
Indian National CongressINCINC+10
Total40
MaharashtraIndian National CongressINCINC+31
Republican Party of IndiaRPIINC+6
Shiv SenaSSNDA6
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA4
Total48
OrissaIndian National CongressINCINC+4
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA16 (BJD+BJP = 9+7)
Others1
Total21
RajasthanIndian National CongressINCINC+19
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA5
Others1
Total25
Tamil NaduAll India Anna Dravida Munnetra KazhagamADMKNDA18
Dravida Munnetra KazhagamDMK5
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA3
Tamil Manila Congress3
Others
Total
Uttar PradeshBhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA58
Samajwadi PartySP19
Bahujan Samaj PartyBSP4
Others
Total85
West BengalCommunist Party of India (Marxist)CPMLF24
Trinamool CongressTMC7
Revolutionary Socialist PartyRSPLF4
Communist party of IndiaCPILF3
All India Forward BlockAIFB2
Bhartiya Janata PartyBJPNDA1
Others1
Total42

See also

Election Commission of India election regulatory body of India

The Election Commission of India is an autonomous constitutional authority responsible for administering election processes in India. The body administers elections to the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and state Legislative Assemblies and Legislative Council in India, and the offices of the President and Vice President in the country. The Election Commission operates under the authority of Constitution per Article 324, and subsequently enacted Representation of the People Act. The commission has the powers under the Constitution, to act in an appropriate manner when the enacted laws make insufficient provisions to deal with a given situation in the conduct of an election. Being a constitutional authority, Election Commission is amongst the few institutions which function with both autonomy and freedom, along with the country’s higher judiciary, the Union Public Service Commission and the Comptroller and Auditor General of India.

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Fifth Assembly of Tamil Nadu

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Elections in India in 1977 included Legislative Assembly elections in several Indian states, including Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.

References