1977 elections in India

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Elections in India in 1977 included Legislative Assembly (Vidhan Sabha) elections in several Indian states, including Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal.

Contents

Parliamentary Election Result 1977

Lok Sabha Zusammensetzung 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Janata Party 78,062,82841.32295+209
Indian National Congress (R) 65,211,58934.52154–198
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 8,113,6594.2922–3
All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 5,480,3782.9018New
Communist Party of India 5,322,0882.827–16
Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 3,323,3201.762–21
Indian National Congress (Organisation) 3,252,2171.723–13
Shiromani Akali Dal 2,373,3311.269+8
Peasants and Workers Party of India 1,030,2320.555+5
Republican Party of India (Khobragade) 956,0720.512+2
Revolutionary Socialist Party 851,1640.454+1
All India Forward Bloc 633,6440.343+1
Indian Union Muslim League 565,0070.3020
Kerala Congress (Pillai Group)526,9370.280New
Kerala Congress 491,6740.262–1
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 483,1920.262New
Muslim League (Opposition) 318,9790.170New
Socialist Unity Centre of India 280,9950.1500
Vishal Haryana Party 192,8670.100–1
Republican Party of India 155,9720.080–1
All India Jharkhand Party 126,2880.0710
United Democratic Front 124,6270.071New
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party 118,7480.061+1
Jharkhand Party 116,9610.060New
Manipur Peoples Party 109,1300.0600
Shoshit Samaj Dal (Akhil Baharatiya)96,7530.050New
Revolutionary Communist Party of India 45,0470.0200
Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti 35,9160.020New
Hindu Mahasabha 35,4190.0200
Bihar Prant Hul Jharkhand 27,1160.0100
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 26,1690.0100
All India Labour Party17,1910.010New
Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League 12,5090.0100
All India Shiromani Baba Jivan Singh Mazabhi Dal5,8680.000New
Independents10,393,6175.509–5
Appointed Anglo-Indians 20
Total188,917,504100.00544+23
Valid votes188,917,50497.25
Invalid/blank votes5,346,4112.75
Total votes194,263,915100.00
Registered voters/turnout321,174,32760.49
Source: ECI

Overall Results

Date(s)StateGovernment before electionChief Minister before electionGovernment after electionChief Minister after electionMaps
19 March 1977 Kerala Communist Party of India C. Achutha Menon Indian National Congress K. Karunakaran IN-KL.svg
Indian National Congress Communist Party of India
10 June 1977 Tamil Nadu President's Rule All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam M. G. Ramachandran IN-TN.svg
Rajasthan President's Rule Janata Party Bhairon Singh Shekhawat IN-RJ.svg
Uttar Pradesh President's Rule Janata Party Ram Naresh Yadav IN-UP.svg
Punjab President's Rule Shiromani Akali Dal Parkash Singh Badal IN-PB.svg
Odisha President's Rule Janata Party Nilamani Routray IN-OD.svg
Himachal Pradesh President's Rule Janata Party Shanta Kumar IN-HP.svg
Bihar President's Rule Janata Party Karpoori Thakur IN-BR.svg
14 June 1977 West Bengal Indian National Congress Siddhartha Shankar Ray Left Front Jyoti Basu IN-WB.svg
Goa, Daman and Diu Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party Shashikala Kakodkar Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party Shashikala Kakodkar IN-GA.svg
9 July 1977 Jammu and Kashmir Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Sheik Abdullah Jammu and Kashmir National Conference Sheik Abdullah IN-JK.svg
6 October 1977 Haryana Janata Party Devi Lal Janata Party Devi Lal IN-HR.svg
Madhya Pradesh President's Rule Janata Party Kailash Chandra Joshi IN-MP.svg
18 November 1977 Nagaland President's Rule United Democratic Front (Nagaland) Vizol Koso IN-NL.svg
31 December 1977 Tripura President's Rule Communist Party of India (Marxist) Nripen Chakraborty IN-TR.svg

Legislative Assembly elections

Bihar

PartySeats ContestedSeats WonSeats ChangeVote Share
Janata Party 311214Increase2.svg 21442.7%
Indian National Congress 28657Decrease2.svg 11023.6%
Independent politician 220624Increase2.svg 723.7%
Communist Party of India 7321Decrease2.svg 147.0%
Communist Party of India 164Decrease2.svg 140.9%
Jharkhand Party 312Increase2.svg 10.4%
Akhil Bharatiya Shoshit Samaj Dal261New0.8%
All India Jharkhand Party 211New0.5%

Goa, Daman and Diu

Summary of results of the Goa Legislative Assembly election, 1977 [1]
Political Party
Seats contested
Seats won
Number of Votes
% of Votes
Seat change
Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party 2915116,33938.49%Decrease2.svg 3
Indian National Congress 271087,46128.94%Increase2.svg 9
Janata Party 30369,82323.10%Increase2.svg 3
Independents 57228,0229.27%Increase2.svg 1
Total14530302,237

Haryana

India Haryana Legislative Assembly 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats
Janata Party 1,765,56646.7075
Indian National Congress 648,42217.153
Vishal Haryana Party 225,4785.965
Communist Party of India 29,1960.770
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 23,1910.610
Socialist Unity Center of India 2,9160.080
Republican Party of India 2,0580.050
Republican Party of India (Khobragade) 1,1500.030
Independents1,082,98228.647
Total3,780,959100.0090
Valid votes3,780,95998.77
Invalid/blank votes47,1011.23
Total votes3,828,060100.00
Registered voters/turnout5,938,82164.46
Source: ECI: [2]

Himachal Pradesh

RankPartySeats ContestedSeats won % votes
1 Janata Party 685349.01
2 Indian National Congress 56927.32
3 Independent 68621.10
Total 68

Source [3]

Jammu and Kashmir

Elections for the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir were held in June 1977, [4] which are generally regarded as the first 'free and fair' elections in the state. [5] Jammu & Kashmir National Conference, newly revived from the former Plebiscite Front, won an overwhelming majority and re-elected Sheikh Abdullah as the Chief Minister. [6]

India Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Jammu & Kashmir National Conference 807,16646.22470
Janata Party 414,25923.7213New
Indian National Congress (R) 294,91116.8911Decrease2.svg47
Jamaat-e-Islami Kashmir 62,6543.591Decrease2.svg4
Others1,9030.1100
Independents165,4779.484Increase2.svg1
Total1,746,370100.0076Increase2.svg1
Valid votes1,746,37096.80
Invalid/blank votes57,7343.20
Total votes1,804,104100.00
Registered voters/turnout2,684,99267.19
Source: ECI [7]

Kerala

Party Wise Results
PartySeatsAlliance
Indian National Congress (INC)38United Front
Communist Party of India (CPI)23
Kerala Congress (KEC)20
Indian Union Muslim League (IUML)13
Revolutionary Socialist Party (RSP)9
Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM)17Opposition
Bhartiya Lok Dal (BLD)6
All India Muslim League (Opposition) (AIML)3
Kerala Congress (Pillai Group) (KCP)2
Independent (IND)9
Total140

Madhya Pradesh

Source: [8]

SNPartySeats
Contested		Seats
won		Seats
Changed		 %
Votes
1 Janata Party 319230N/A47.28%
2 Indian National Congress (I) 32084-13635.88%
3 Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 41N/A2.88%
4 Independent 3205-1315.35%
Total320

Nagaland

India Nagaland Legislative Assembly 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
United Democratic Front 127,44539.2135+10
Indian National Congress 65,61620.1915New
National Convention of Nagaland 38,52811.851New
Independents 93,40528.749–3
Total324,994100.00600
Valid votes324,99498.07
Invalid/blank votes6,4071.93
Total votes331,401100.00
Registered voters/turnout403,45482.14
Source: ECI [9]

Odisha

PartyNo. of candidatesNo. of electedNo. of votes %
Janata Party 147110252778749.2%
Indian National Congress 14626159450531.0%
Independents264973854514.4%
Communist Party of India 2511834853.6%
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 41452190.9%
All India Jharkhand Party 100250020.5%
Socialist Unity Centre of India 60187730.4%
Jharkhand Party 2072330.1%

Punjab

PartycontestedSeats wonchange in seatspopular vote%
Shiromani Akali Dal 7058Increase2.svg 3417,76,60231.41%
Janata Party 4125(new)8,47,71814.99%
Indian National Congress 9617Decrease2.svg 4918,99,53433.59%
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 88Increase2.svg 71,98,1443.50%
Communist Party of India 187Decrease2.svg 33,72,7116.59%
Independents 4352Decrease2.svg 15,41,9589.58%
Others140-18,6860.33%
Total [10] 68211756,55,353

Rajasthan

India Rajasthan Legislative Assembly 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Janata Party 4,160,37350.39152New
Indian National Congress 2,599,77231.4941–104
Communist Party of India 91,6401.111–3
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 61,6820.751+1
Indian Union Muslim League 21,8890.270New
Vishal Haryana Party 1,2900.020New
Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad 3200.000New
Independents1,319,05315.985–6
Total8,256,019100.00200+16
Valid votes8,256,01997.89
Invalid/blank votes177,6532.11
Total votes8,433,672100.00
Registered voters/turnout15,494,28954.43
Source: ECI [11]

Tamil Nadu

The sixth legislative assembly election of Tamil Nadu was held on June 10, 1977. All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) won the election defeating its rival Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). M. G. Ramachandran (M.G.R), the AIADMK founder and a leading Tamil film actor, was sworn in as Chief Minister for the first time. The election was a four cornered contest between the AIADMK, DMK, the Indian National Congress (INC) and the Janata Party. Earlier on 17 October 1972, M.G.R had founded the AIADMK following his expulsion from the DMK after differences arose between him and DMK leader M. Karunanidhi. On 31 January 1976, Karunanidhi's government was dismissed by the central government of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi citing corruption charges against Karunanidhi and President's rule was imposed on the state. Karunanidhi had been at odds with Indira Gandhi over his opposition to Emergency and allied with Janata Party founded by Jayaprakash Narayan. Meanwhile, M.G.R had developed a close relationship with Indira Gandhi and supported the Emergency. M.G.R remained as Chief Minister until his death in 1987, winning the next two elections held in 1980 and 1984.

Election map of results based on parties. Colours are based on the results table on the left 1977 tamil nadu legislative election map by parties.png
Election map of results based on parties. Colours are based on the results table on the left
Summary of the 1977 June Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election results
Alliance/PartySeats wonChangePopular VoteVote %Adj. %‡
AIADMK+ alliance144+1425,734,69233.5%
AIADMK 130+1305,194,87630.4%35.4%
CPI(M) 12+12477,8352.8%33.0%
FBL 1–35,3610.2%62.0%
IND 1–26,6200.2%42.9%
DMK48-1364,258,77124.9%
DMK 48-1364,258,77124.9%25.3%
Congress alliance32+243,491,49020.4%
INC 27+272,994,53517.5%20.8%
CPI 5-3496,9552.9%20.4%
Janata10+102,851,88416.7%
JNP 10+102,851,88416.7%16.8%
Others1-7751,7124.4%
IND 1-7751,7124.4%–
Total234–17,108,146100%–

‡: Vote % reflects the percentage of votes the party received compared to the entire electorate that voted in this election. Adjusted (Adj.) Vote %, reflects the % of votes the party received per constituency that they contested.
Sources: Election Commission of India [12]

Tripura

Performance of the political parties in this election
PartySeats ContestedSeats WonNo. of Votes % of Votes1972 Seats
Communist Party of India 1006,2660.84%1
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 5551352,65247.00%16
Indian National Congress 600133,24017.76%41
Janata Party 59078,47910.46%-
All India Forward Bloc 117,8001.04%0
Revolutionary Socialist Party 2212,4461.66%-
Proutist Bloc of India 602,1390.29%-
Congress for Democracy 59066,9139.08%-
Tripura Upajati Juba Samiti 28459,4747.93%0
Independents 48230,8624.11%2
Total32860750,271

[13]

Uttar Pradesh

India Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly 1977.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Janata Party 11,351,35947.76352New
Indian National Congress 7,592,10731.9447–168
Communist Party of India 611,4502.579–7
Communist Party of India (Marxist) 136,8500.581–1
Others241,8211.0200
Independents3,832,83216.1316+12
Total23,766,419100.00425+1
Valid votes23,766,41998.40
Invalid/blank votes386,2371.60
Total votes24,152,656100.00
Registered voters/turnout52,345,60646.14
Source: ECI [14]

West Bengal

Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal on 14 June 1977. [15] The polls took place after the ousting of Indira Gandhi's government at the Centre. The Left Front won a landslide victory, much to the surprise of the left parties themselves. The 1977 election marked the beginning of the 34-year Left Front rule in West Bengal, with Communist Party of India (Marxist) leader Jyoti Basu leading the first Left Front cabinet.

PartyCandidatesSeatsVotes%
Left Front Communist Party of India (Marxist) 2241785,080,82835.46
All India Forward Bloc 3625750,2295.24
Revolutionary Socialist Party 2320536,6253.74
Revolutionary Communist Party of India 4375,1560.52
Marxist Forward Bloc 3358,4660.41
Biplobi Bangla Congress 2135,4570.25
LF independent1132,2380.22
Janata Party 289292,869,39120.02
Indian National Congress (R) 290203,298,06323.02
Communist Party of India 632375,5602.62
Socialist Unity Centre of India 294211,7521.48
Indian Union Muslim League 32154,9420.38
Workers Party of India 2129,2210.20
Jharkhand Party 205,7010.04
Republican Party of India 301,6520.01
All India Gorkha League 208100.01
Bharater Biplobi Communist Party104890.00
Independents5667912,6126.37
Total1,57229414,329,201100
Source: ECI

References

  1. ↑ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1977 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF GOA". Election Commission of India.
  2. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Haryana". Election Commission of India . Retrieved 12 September 2021.
  3. ↑ STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1977 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
  4. ↑ 1977 J&K elections
  5. ↑ Guha 2008, Section 23.III.
  6. ↑ Statistical report J&K 1977
  7. ↑ "Jammu & Kashmir 1977". Election Commission of India . Retrieved 22 June 2022.
  8. ↑ "STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1977 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF MADHYA PRADESH" (PDF). eci.nic.in. Election Commission of India. Retrieved 27 May 2018.
  9. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
  10. ↑ "Punjab Assembly Election Results in 1977". elections.in.
  11. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Rajasthan". Election Commission of India . Retrieved 26 December 2021.
  12. ↑ Election Commission of India. "1977 Election Statistical Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 October 2010. Retrieved 19 April 2009.
  13. ↑ "1977 Tripura Election result".
  14. ↑ "Statistical Report on General Election, 1977 to the Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  15. ↑ West Bengal (India); Jatindra Chandra Sengupta (1978). West Bengal District Gazetteers: Nadiā. State editor, West Bengal District Gazetteers. p. 420.

Sources

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