Jackson, Wyoming

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Jackson, Wyoming
Town
Jackson from snowking.jpg
Jackson viewed from Snow King Mountain in June 2007
Jackson, WY Seal.png
Seal
Nicknames: 
Jackson Hole, The Hole, JH
Teton County Wyoming Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Jackson Highlighted 5640120.svg
Location of Jackson in Teton County, Wyoming
USA Wyoming location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Jackson, Wyoming
Coordinates: 43°28′31″N110°46′9″W / 43.47528°N 110.76917°W / 43.47528; -110.76917
CountryUnited States
State Wyoming
County Teton
Incorporated1914
Named for David Edward Jackson
Government
 • Type Mayor–council
 • MayorHailey Morton Levinson (D)
Area
[1]
 •  Town 2.99 sq mi (7.74 km2)
 • Land2.96 sq mi (7.66 km2)
 • Water0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2)
Elevation
6,237 ft (1,901 m)
Population
 (2020) [2]
 •  Town 10,760
 • Density3,598.67/sq mi (1,390.18/km2)
 •  Metro
31,464
Time zone UTC−7 (Mountain (MST))
 • Summer (DST) UTC−6 (MDT)
ZIP codes
83002

83001 83014 83025 83013 83012 83414

83011
Area code 307
FIPS code 56-40120 [3]
GNIS feature ID1604404 [4]
Website jacksonwy.gov

Jackson is a town in Teton County, Wyoming, United States. The population was 10,760 at the 2020 census, up from 9,577 in 2010. It is the largest town in Teton County and its county seat. [5] Jackson is the principal town of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes Teton County in Wyoming and Teton County in Idaho. The town, often familiarly or mistakenly called Jackson Hole, derives its name from the valley in which it is located. [6] Jackson is a popular tourist destination due to its proximity to the ski resorts Jackson Hole Mountain, Snow King Mountain, and Grand Targhee, as well as Grand Teton National Park and Yellowstone National Park.

Contents

History

Jackson was originally populated by Native American tribes including the Shoshoni, Crow, Blackfeet, Bannock, and Gros Ventre. In the early 1800s, the locality became a prime area for trappers and mountain men to travel through, one example being John Colter. After being discharged from the Corps of Discovery of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1806 at Fort Mandan, in present-day North Dakota, Colter visited Jackson Hole during the winter of 1807/1808. Among other mountain men who visited the valley include Jim Bridger, Jedediah Smith, and William Sublette who are responsible for many of the names in the area. David Edward Jackson gave his name to the valley after a winter spent on the shores of Jackson Lake.

As part of the Hayden Expedition of 1871 and 1872, William Henry Jackson took the first photographs of the Teton Range and Yellowstone. His photographs along with the sketches by Tom Moran, were important evidence to convince Congress to protect Yellowstone National Park. Yellowstone National Park became the first National Park in 1872. Grand Teton National Park was created in 1929 and greatly expanded in 1950 after John D. Rockefeller Jr. purchased and then donated over 30,000 acres (12,000 ha).[ citation needed ]

The town of Jackson was named in 1894 and incorporated in 1914. Some of the early buildings remain and can be found throughout the area of the Town Square. [7]

The town of Jackson elected an all-woman city government (including town council and mayor, who in turn appointed women to town marshal, town clerk and treasurer) in 1920. [8]

The first ski rope tow was built at Teton Pass in 1937 and Snow King Resort was established in 1930. Teton County now has three excellent ski areas including Jackson Hole Mountain Resort in Teton Village, Grand Targhee Ski, and Summer Resort located on the western slope of the Tetons as well as Snow King Resort.

The town of Jackson is the county seat of Teton County and the only incorporated municipality in the region. Less than 3% of land in Teton County is privately owned. Of the 2,697,000 acres (1,091,000 ha) in Teton County, 97% are federally or state owned/managed.

In 2009, the town of Jackson was designated as a Preserve America Community. This designation recognizes that, as a community, the town protects and celebrates its heritage, uses historic assets for economic development, and encourages people to experience and appreciate local historic resources.

Geography

Jackson is located at an elevation of 6,237 feet (1,901 m) above sea level. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 2.95 square miles (7.64 km2), of which 2.91 square miles (7.54 km2) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km2) is water. [9]

Jackson is surrounded by the Teton and Gros Ventre mountain ranges. The Teton Range is commonly associated with Jackson Hole and is a popular sightseeing attraction for many visitors. The Gros Ventre Range, by contrast, is geologically older than the Tetons and has a much broader width which encompasses huge expanses of wilderness; it is not as easily accessible.

Soils at Jackson Hole are mostly dark, excessively drained, moderately alkaline gravelly loam of the Greyback series. [10]

Flat Creek, a tributary of the Snake River, runs through the town.

Climate

Jackson experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), with warm summers and very cold winters. Due to its location in a very narrow river valley, Jackson and the rest of the Snake headwaters [11] experience a unique microclimate that gets considerably more precipitation–much of it snow–than the majority of Wyoming and has higher humidity during much of the year. [12] Its elevation is also responsible for extreme differences between day and night temperatures, which makes the climate very close to being classified as subarctic (Köppen Dfc). Extreme temperatures range from −52 °F (−47 °C) on December 20, 1924, to 101 °F (38 °C) on July 17, 1934 and July 20, 1934, and on average 236.0 mornings fall below freezing and 34.7 of these below 0 °F (−18 °C); the 1991 to 2020 average window for subzero Fahrenheit temperatures is from November 22 to March 3, while the window for freezing temperature is from August 22 to July 5, but freezing temperature have been recorded on every single day of the year except for July 25. [13]

Snowfall averages 78.2 inches or 1.99 meters, but the highest monthly total has been 56.0 inches (1.42 m) in January 1969, and the most in one season being 153.3 inches (3.89 m) between July 1966 and June 1967. [13]

Climate data for Jackson, Wyoming, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1905–present
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Record high °F (°C)55
(13)		58
(14)		70
(21)		79
(26)		90
(32)		95
(35)		101
(38)		98
(37)		93
(34)		87
(31)		67
(19)		66
(19)		101
(38)
Mean maximum °F (°C)43.6
(6.4)		46.5
(8.1)		56.3
(13.5)		67.9
(19.9)		76.8
(24.9)		83.7
(28.7)		89.9
(32.2)		88.2
(31.2)		83.3
(28.5)		74.0
(23.3)		55.7
(13.2)		44.7
(7.1)		90.0
(32.2)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)26.1
(−3.3)		30.4
(−0.9)		40.2
(4.6)		50.2
(10.1)		60.3
(15.7)		69.8
(21.0)		79.1
(26.2)		78.0
(25.6)		68.1
(20.1)		54.5
(12.5)		37.6
(3.1)		26.2
(−3.2)		51.7
(11.0)
Daily mean °F (°C)16.2
(−8.8)		19.9
(−6.7)		29.2
(−1.6)		38.0
(3.3)		45.9
(7.7)		53.8
(12.1)		60.2
(15.7)		58.9
(14.9)		50.5
(10.3)		39.7
(4.3)		26.7
(−2.9)		16.5
(−8.6)		38.0
(3.3)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)6.3
(−14.3)		9.3
(−12.6)		18.2
(−7.7)		25.8
(−3.4)		31.5
(−0.3)		37.8
(3.2)		41.4
(5.2)		39.8
(4.3)		32.8
(0.4)		24.9
(−3.9)		15.8
(−9.0)		6.8
(−14.0)		24.2
(−4.3)
Mean minimum °F (°C)−19.3
(−28.5)		−15.6
(−26.4)		−2.0
(−18.9)		12.8
(−10.7)		18.4
(−7.6)		27.6
(−2.4)		32.5
(0.3)		29.8
(−1.2)		20.7
(−6.3)		10.2
(−12.1)		−2.6
(−19.2)		−17.3
(−27.4)		−24.5
(−31.4)
Record low °F (°C)−50
(−46)		−48
(−44)		−49
(−45)		−5
(−21)		5
(−15)		12
(−11)		24
(−4)		18
(−8)		5
(−15)		−9
(−23)		−27
(−33)		−52
(−47)		−52
(−47)
Average precipitation inches (mm)1.45
(37)		1.43
(36)		1.33
(34)		1.46
(37)		1.83
(46)		1.61
(41)		1.10
(28)		1.14
(29)		1.59
(40)		1.57
(40)		1.37
(35)		1.76
(45)		17.64
(448)
Average snowfall inches (cm)19.1
(49)		15.6
(40)		9.2
(23)		4.2
(11)		0.6
(1.5)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.0
(0.0)		0.1
(0.25)		2.0
(5.1)		11.0
(28)		16.4
(42)		78.2
(199.85)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)12.310.18.89.311.09.77.37.68.08.79.513.6115.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)10.89.15.52.40.40.00.00.00.11.75.411.446.8
Source 1: NOAA [14]
Source 2: National Weather Service [13]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1900 59—
1910 264347.5%
1920 30716.3%
1930 53373.6%
1940 1,04696.2%
1950 1,24418.9%
1960 1,43715.5%
1970 2,68887.1%
1980 4,51167.8%
1990 4,472−0.9%
2000 8,64793.4%
2010 9,57710.8%
2020 10,76012.4%
source: [15] [16]

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the town was $59,605, and the median income for a family was $69,432. Male full-time, year-round workers had a median income of $35,892 versus $29,175 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,066. About 4.2% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.7% of those under age 18.

Teton Theater Teton Theater, Jackson Wyoming.jpg
Teton Theater

2010 census

As of the census [2] of 2010, there were 9,577 people, 3,964 households, and 1,858 families residing in the town. The population density was 3,291.1 inhabitants per square mile (1,270.7/km2). There were 4,736 housing units at an average density of 1,627.5 per square mile (628.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 79.8% White, 0.4% African American, 0.8% Native American, 1.4% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 15.2% from other races, and 2.3% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 27.2% of the population.

There were 3,964 households, of which 24.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.2% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 53.1% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the town was 31.9 years. 18% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 43.8% were from 25 to 44; 20.5% were from 45 to 64; and 6.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 54.1% male and 45.9% female.

Economy

As of the 2010 Census, [3] the main industries which provide employment are: arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation and food services (32.2%), construction (8.7%), retail trade (12.4%), educational services, health care and social assistance (11.9%), and professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services (11.8%).

A strong local economy, primarily due to tourism, has allowed Jackson to develop a large shopping and eating district characterized by a large number of art galleries, custom jewelers, and designer clothing retailers centered on the town square. [17]

Arts and culture

Government

Jackson is administered by a mayor and town council. The current mayor is Hailey Morton Levinson. [25]

The following are currently members of the Town Council: Arne Jorgensen (vice mayor), Jessica Sell Chambers, Jim Rooks, and Jonathan Schechter. [25]

Education

Public education in the town of Jackson is provided by Teton County School District #1. Schools serving the town include Jackson Elementary School (grades K–5), Colter Elementary School (grades K–5), Munger Mountain Elementary (grades K–5), Jackson Hole Middle School (grades 6–8), Jackson Hole High School (formerly Jackson-Wilson High School), Summit Innovations High School (grades 9–12), [26] the Jackson Hole Classical Academy (grades K–12), Jackson Hole Community School and the Journeys School.

Jackson has a public library, a branch of the Teton County Library. [27] The 1938 Teton County Library, which is a rustic log cabin, is on the National Register of Historic Places. The building now houses the Huff Memorial Library. [28]

Transportation

Jackson lies at the junction of US 26/US 89/US 189/US 191 and Wyoming Highway 22 (the Teton Pass Highway).

The town is served by Jackson Hole Airport, the busiest airport in the state of Wyoming. A public bus system ("The START Bus", or Southern Teton Area Rapid Transit) services the town of Jackson, the route to Teton Village, and adjacent communities in Star Valley, Wyoming and Teton Valley, Idaho. There are also airport buses to Salt Lake City, and places in between.

Jackson Hole Economic Policy Symposium

Since 1978, the Kansas City Federal Reserve Bank has held an annual economic summit at Jackson (Hole) that is globally known as the Jackson Hole Economic Summit or officially as the "Jackson Hole Economic Policy Symposium". Attendees include prominent central bankers, finance ministers, and academics from around the world. [29] [30] [31]

One of the large arches of shed elk antlers Jackson wy.jpg
One of the large arches
of shed elk antlers

Movies shot in Jackson include The Big Trail (1930), The Big Sky (1952), Shane (1953), Any Which Way You Can (1980), Rocky IV (1985), Ghosts Can't Do It (1990), and Django Unchained (2012). [32] It is also a major location in the action-adventure video game The Last of Us (2013) and its sequel (2020), in which it is home to a large community of survivors in a post-apocalyptic world; however, scenes set in Jackson in the game's television adaptation (2023) were instead shot in the Canadian town of Canmore, Alberta, which doubled for Jackson. [33] [34]

Jackson has gained notabilty since a livestream of its town square went viral on YouTube in 2016, leading to much fascination with the town's elk antler arches and unusually high prevalence of red pickup trucks. [35] It first went viral when a sheriff stopped at a red light in the early hours of the morning, got out of his patrol car, and dabbed towards the camera before leaving. [36]

Notable people

See also

Related Research Articles

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Grand Teton National Park is an American national park in northwestern Wyoming. At approximately 310,000 acres (1,300 km2), the park includes the major peaks of the 40-mile-long (64 km) Teton Range as well as most of the northern sections of the valley known as Jackson Hole. Grand Teton National Park is only 10 miles (16 km) south of Yellowstone National Park, to which it is connected by the National Park Service–managed John D. Rockefeller Jr. Memorial Parkway. Along with surrounding national forests, these three protected areas constitute the almost 18-million-acre (73,000-square-kilometer) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, one of the world's largest intact mid-latitude temperate ecosystems.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teton County, Wyoming</span> County in Wyoming, United States

Teton County is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 23,331. Its county seat is Jackson. Its west boundary line is also the Wyoming state boundary shared with Idaho and the southern tip of Montana. Teton County is part of the Jackson, WY-ID Micropolitan Statistical Area.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jackson Hole</span> Valley in Wyoming, USA

Jackson Hole is a valley between the Gros Ventre and Teton mountain ranges in the U.S. state of Wyoming, near the border with Idaho, in Teton County. The term "hole" was used by early trappers, or mountain men, as a term for a large mountain valley. These low-lying valleys, surrounded by mountains and containing rivers and streams, are good habitat for beavers and other fur-bearing animals. Jackson Hole is 55 miles (89 km) long by 6-to-13 miles (10-to-21 km) wide and is a graben valley with an average elevation of 6,800 ft, its lowest point being near the southern park boundary at 6,350 ft.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Geology of the Grand Teton area</span>

The geology of the Grand Teton area consists of some of the oldest rocks and one of the youngest mountain ranges in North America. The Teton Range, partly located in Grand Teton National Park, started to grow some 9 million years ago. An older feature, Jackson Hole, is a basin that sits aside the range.

The music of Wyoming includes a number of well-regarded music festivals, as well as a heritage that includes Native American, European, and American music.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Togwotee Pass</span> Mountain pass in Absaroka Mountains, United States

Togwotee Pass is a high mountain pass in the western United States, at an elevation of 9,655 feet (2,943 m) above sea level. On the Continental Divide in the Absaroka Mountains of northwestern Wyoming in Teton County, it is between Dubois and Moran Junction in the Jackson Hole valley.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Teton Pass</span>

Teton Pass is a high mountain pass in the western United States, located at the southern end of the Teton Range in western Wyoming, between Wilson and Victor, Idaho. At an elevation of 8,431 feet (2,570 m) above sea level, the pass provides access from the Jackson Hole valley in Wyoming to the Teton Valley of eastern Idaho, including the access route to Grand Targhee Resort through Driggs, Idaho. To the south of the pass lies the Snake River Range.

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The National Elk Refuge is a Wildlife Refuge located in Jackson Hole in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It was created in 1912 to protect habitat and provide sanctuary for one of the largest elk herds. With a total of 24,700 acres (10,000 ha), the refuge borders the town of Jackson, Wyoming on the southwest, Bridger-Teton National Forest on the east and Grand Teton National Park on the north. It is home to an average of 7,500 elk each winter. The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior.

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The following articles relate to the history, geography, geology, flora, fauna, structures and recreation in Grand Teton National Park.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lakes of Grand Teton National Park</span> Lakes of United States Grand Teton National Park in northwestern Wyoming

There are 44 named and countless unnamed lakes in Grand Teton National Park. The largest of these is Jackson Lake, a natural glacial lake that has been enlarged with the construction of the Jackson Lake Dam. The lakes range in size as well as ease of access. In addition to mountain tarns, there are several large peidmont lakes. Nearly all the lakes are glacial in origin, formed by glacial action that carved out the valleys and left moraine behind that acted as dams to lock in water.

References

  1. ↑ "2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved August 7, 2020.
  2. 1 2 "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  3. 1 2 "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau . Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  4. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  5. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  6. ↑ The Utah Genealogical and Historical Magazine, Volumes 9-10. 1918. p. 190.
  7. ↑ "History". jacksonwy.gov.
  8. ↑ "Petticoat Rules: The first women leaders of Jackson 100 years ago". Buckrail - Jackson Hole, news. May 26, 2020. Retrieved October 28, 2020.
  9. ↑ "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on January 12, 2012. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  10. ↑ "SoilWeb: An Online Soil Survey Browser | California Soil Resource Lab".
  11. ↑ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Monthly Precipitation 1895 to 2015; Wyoming Climate Division 2 (Snake Drainage)
  12. ↑ National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Monthly Precipitation 1895 to 2015; Wyoming State Area Averaged
  13. 1 2 3 "NOAA Online Weather Data". National Weather Service. Retrieved August 19, 2022.
  14. ↑ "U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved August 19, 2022.
  15. ↑ "Historical Decennial Census Population for Wyoming Counties, Cities, and Towns". Wyoming Department of State / U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved April 1, 2012.
  16. ↑ Moffatt, Riley. Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850-1990. Lanham: Scarecrow, 1996, 341.
  17. ↑ "Jackson Hole Shopping". Jackson Hole Traveler. November 14, 2014. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  18. ↑ "About The Center". Center for the Arts. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  19. ↑ "Elkfest 2020 - A Celebration of Elk and Antler". elkfest.org.
  20. ↑ "About". Grand Teton Music Festival. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  21. ↑ "Grand Teton National Park Experiences Record Visitation in 2014 - Grand Teton National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  22. ↑ "Google Maps". Google Maps. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  23. ↑ "Visitation Statistics - Yellowstone National Park (U.S. National Park Service)". www.nps.gov. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  24. ↑ "Google Maps". Google Maps. Retrieved April 24, 2016.
  25. 1 2 "Mayor & Town Council | Jackson, WY". www.jacksonwy.gov. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  26. ↑ "Teton County School District" . Retrieved August 30, 2023.
  27. ↑ "Wyoming Public Libraries". PublicLibraries.com. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
  28. ↑ "The Huff Memorial - Old Teton County Library - Wyoming Historical Markers on Waymarking.com". www.waymarking.com. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  29. ↑ "Jackson Hole Economic Policy Symposium: Macroeconomic Policy in an Uneven Economy". www.kansascityfed.org.
  30. ↑ "Economic Symposium Proceedings". www.kansascityfed.org.
  31. ↑ Marcos, Coral Murphy (August 23, 2021). "The Fed's Jackson Hole meeting and a key inflation reading: What's coming this week". The New York Times.
  32. ↑ Bath, Jack (1991). Roadside Hollywood: The Movie Lover's State-By-State Guide to Film Locations, Celebrity Hangouts, Celluloid Tourist Attractions, and More. Contemporary Books. Pages 75–76. ISBN   9780809243266.
  33. ↑ Cryer, Hirun (November 3, 2021). "The Last of Us TV show leak reveals how HBO will bring a major location to life". GamesRadar+ . Future plc. Archived from the original on November 3, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  34. ↑ "The Last of Us Filming in Canmore". Town of Canmore. Archived from the original on November 2, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  35. ↑ "Red truck, red truck! Town's mundane webcam grips YouTube". September 2016.
  36. ↑ "Watch a Very Hip Sheriff Casually Hit the Dab on the Viral Jackson Hole Livestream". September 2016.
  37. ↑ "Inside 'Country Girl' Sandra Bullock's Secret Wyoming Hideaway". RadarOnline. April 21, 2017. Retrieved September 29, 2019.
  38. ↑ "Chrystie, 80, who kept the big picture in mind". Jackson Hole News&Guide. Retrieved August 29, 2021.
  39. ↑ "John Mars". Forbes. Retrieved August 24, 2017.
  40. ↑ Dunfee, Ryan (September 18, 2013). "Want To Own Walmart Heiress Christy Walton's Jackson Mansion?". Curbed. Retrieved August 24, 2017.
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