| Le Frecce | |
|---|---|
| Overview | |
| Owner | Trenitalia |
| Locale |  Italy |
| Transit type | High speed train |
| Operation | |
| Rolling stock | Frecciarossa: ETR 500, ETR 1000; Frecciargento: ETR 485, ETR 600/610, ETR 700; Frecciabianca: E.414 o E.402B, ETR 460/463, ETR 470 |
| Technical | |
| Top speed | 300 km/h (186 mph) (Frecciarossa) [1] 250 km/h (155 mph) (Frecciargento) 200 km/h (124 mph) (Frecciabianca) |
Le Frecce is the high-speed rail train category operated by Trenitalia in Italy.
In 1997, a new category, "Eurostar", was introduced as the brand name of the high-speed trains run by Trenitalia in Italy. Since 2006, trains started to be operated and promoted under further sub-brands and less and less sold under the name "Eurostar".
In June 2012, the category Eurostar was officially divided into various subcategories indicating various high-speed services. The new categories created were Frecciarossa (literally, Red Arrow) for the fastest trains, Frecciargento (literally, Silver Arrow) for the next category of trains and finally Frecciabianca (literally, White Arrow). Since all these three train categories are named as "Freccia" (literally, Arrow), the high-speed trains operated by Trenitalia are named "Le Frecce", on a par with TGV in France, ICE in Germany and AVE in Spain.
Frecciarossa trains operate at speeds of up to 300 km/h (186 mph). It runs mostly on high-speed line and is the premier service of Trenitalia and competes with .italo, operated by Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori.
The service is provided by ETR 500 and, since June 2015, by ETR 1000. [2] There are four classes, namely, Executive, Business, Premium and Standard class, with a restaurant car.
There are plans to increase the speed of Frecciarossa service to 350 km/h (217 mph) in intermediate-term. Comprehensive test-runs with ETR 1000 were carried out from Autumn 2015 to the end of 2016. [3] [4]
Frecciargento trains operate at speeds of up to 250 km/h (155 mph). In agreement to the use of Pendolino trains policy, only some sections of the railway lines of Frecciargento are high speed and it runs on conventional rail lines in the other sections.
The third (ETR 485) and fourth (ETR 600, ETR 610) generation of Pendolino trains and the non-tilting ETR 700 are employed for Frecciargento trains. There are two classes (first and second class) as well as one restaurant car.
According to Trenitalia's CEO Luigi Corradi, starting from summer 2022, the Frecciargento service will be progressively abandoned. The trains that operate today as Frecciargento will be incorporated, with a change of livery, into the Frecciarossa service. [5]
Frecciabianca trains operate at up to 200 km/h (124 mph) (ETR 470 and ordinary Frecciabianca) and 250 km/h (155 mph) (ETR 460 Frecciabianca) on conventional lines.
The ETR 460 and ETR 463 of the Pendolino family are used in services between Rome and Reggio Calabria, Ravenna and Genoa. FS Class E.414 and FS Class E.402 locomotives are used in other lines.
There are two classes and a corner bar on Frecciabianca trains.
Italy has a well developed transport infrastructure. The Italian rail network is extensive, especially in the north, and it includes a high-speed rail network that joins the major cities of Italy from Naples through northern cities such as Milan and Turin. The Florence–Rome high-speed railway was the first high-speed line opened in Europe when more than half of it opened in 1977. Italy has 2,507 people and 12.46 km2 per kilometer of rail track, giving Italy the world's 13th largest rail network. The Italian rail network is operated by state-owned Ferrovie dello Stato, while the rail tracks and infrastructure are managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana.
Pendolino is an Italian family of high-speed tilting trains used in Italy, Spain, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Finland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the UK, the US, Switzerland, China, and Greece. It was also used in Russia from December 12, 2010 until March 26, 2022. Based on the design of the Italian ETR 401, it was further developed and manufactured by Fiat Ferroviaria, which was taken over by Alstom in 2000.
Trenitalia is the primary train operator in Italy. A subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, itself partly owned by the Italian government, the company and partly from a private investors group. It was established in 2000 following a European Union directive on the deregulation of rail transport.
The Italian railway system is one of the most important parts of the infrastructure of Italy, with a total length of 24,227 km (15,054 mi) of which active lines are 16,723 km (10,391 mi). The network has recently grown with the construction of the new high-speed rail network. Italy is a member of the International Union of Railways (UIC). The UIC Country Code for Italy is 83.
Hitachi Rail Italy S.p.A. is a multinational rolling stock manufacturer company based in Pistoia, Italy. Formerly AnsaldoBreda S.p.A., a subsidiary of state-owned Finmeccanica, the company was sold in 2015 to Hitachi Rail of Japan. After the deal was finalized, the current name was adapted in November 2015 to reflect the new ownership.
Eurostar Italia was the name given to high-speed trains operated by Trenitalia in Italy. The brand was discontinued and replaced with Le Frecce in December 2012.
ETR 450 was the first series Italian tilting train.
The New Pendolino is a class of high-speed tilting trains built by Alstom Ferroviaria for Trenitalia and Cisalpino.
High-speed rail in Italy consists of two lines connecting most of the country's major cities. The first line connects Turin to Salerno via Milan, Bologna, Florence, Rome and Naples, the second runs from Turin to Venice via Milan and Verona, and is under construction in parts. Trains are operated with a top speed of 300 km/h (190 mph).
ETR 470 is a high-speed tilting electric multiple unit, which is now only operated by the Greek company, Hellenic Train. Introduced in September 1996, nine units were built for the Italo-Swiss firm Cisalpino. They were made by Fiat Ferroviaria, and could tilt up to 8°. Today, there are five trains in Greece.
Napoli Centrale is the main railway station in the city of Naples and in southern Italy and the sixth largest station in Italy in terms of passenger flow with an annual ridership of 50 million. It is located next to Piazza Garibaldi to the east of the old city. It is the primary rail terminus and station for Naples, and serves Trenitalia national railways and EAV. This one has an underground section known as Stazione di Napoli Piazza Garibaldi, which is served by the metropolitan trains of the line 2, line 1 (Garibaldi), and 3, 12, 14, and 15 EAV Circumvesuviana lines which is accessible from 2 entrances inside the Centrale station, 1 outside in glass, and from the new Garibaldi Square.
Frecciarossa is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, as well as a member of the train category Le Frecce. The name, which, if spelt "Freccia rossa" means "Red arrow" in English, was introduced in 2008 after it had previously been known as Eurostar Italia. Frecciarossa trains operate at speeds of up to 300 km/h (190 mph). Frecciarossa is the premier service of Trenitalia and competes with italo, operated by Nuovo Trasporto Viaggiatori.
Ancona railway station, sometimes called Ancona Centrale, is the main railway station of Ancona, Region of Marché. It is the most important station of the region and is owned by the Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned railway company.
The ETR 460 is an electric multiple unit (EMU) tilting train produced by FIAT Ferroviaria since 1993. It is also known as the Pendolino after the family of trains from which it comes.
ETR 500 is a family of Italian high-speed trains built by AnsaldoBreda and introduced in 1993.
The Frecciarossa 1000, is a high-speed train operated by Italian state railway operator Trenitalia and the private Spanish high-speed rail operator Iryo. It was co-developed as a joint venture between Italian rail manufacturer Hitachi Rail Italy and multinational conglomerate Alstom. Both design and production work were divided between the two partner companies.
Frecciargento is a high-speed train of the Italian national train operator, Trenitalia, as one of its Le Frecce brands. The name, which means "Silver Arrow", was introduced in 2012; these trains were previously branded as Eurostar Italia. Frecciargento trains operate at speeds of up to 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph).
Frecciabianca is a high-speed train operated by Trenitalia, Italy's national train operator, and one of its Le Frecce brands, along with Frecciarossa andFrecciargento. Frecciabianca was introduced in 2011, replacing Eurostar City Italia. Frecciabianca trains operate at speeds up to 200 km/h (124 mph).
Bari Centrale is the main railway station of the Italian city of Bari, capital of Apulia. It is one of the most important railway stations in Italy, with an annual ridership of 14 million.
P.A.Th.E./P, which stands for Patras–Athens–Thessaloniki–Idomeni/Promachonas is a higher-speed rail line in Greece which is partly completed and partly under construction. The section between Athens and Thessaloniki is completed and allows a travel time of 3 hours 20 minutes, a reduction of about three hours.
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