List of conspiracy theories promoted by Donald Trump

"Trump conspiracy" redirects here. For Trump's charges of conspiracy relating to the 2020 U.S. presidential election, see Federal prosecution of Donald Trump (election obstruction case).

Trump with Sheriff Joe Arpaio, a prominent supporter of the "birther" conspiracy theory falsely alleging that President Barack Obama was not born in the United States

Donald Trump, the 45th and 47th president of the United States, has created or promoted many deceptive or disproven conspiracy theories, to a degree unprecedented in American politics. ^{[2] [3] [4] [5]}

Conspiracy theories

Attacks on political opponents

Barack Obama

• Obama citizenship conspiracy theories, aka "Birtherism", later retracted ^{[6] [7] [8] [9]}
• Conspiracy that Bill Ayers wrote Obama's memoir Dreams from My Father ^[10]
• False claims of fraud in the 2012 election ^[11]
• Pushed conspiracy theory that Obama supported ISIS ^{[12] [13]}
• Claim that Obama secretly controlled the Biden administration ^[14]
• Claim that Obama and other officials committed "treason" against him ^[15]

Bill and Hillary Clinton

• False claim that Hillary Clinton started the birther conspiracy theory ^[16]
• Clinton body count conspiracy theory ^{[2] [17]}
• Retweeted the false claim that Jeffrey Epstein's death was arranged by Bill Clinton. ^[18]
• Said at CPAC on February 27, 2015, when asked about his thoughts about Bill Clinton: "Nice guy, got a lot of problems coming up in my opinion with the famous island with Jeffrey Epstein, a lot of problems." ^{[19] [20] (Remarks start at 22:50)}
• Pizzagate conspiracy theory and portrayals of the Clintons as pedophiles ^[21]
• Suicide of Vince Foster ^[2]
• Murder of Seth Rich ^[22]
• Claimed that Hillary Clinton gave uranium rights to Russia in exchange for donations to the Clinton Foundation ^[23]
• Claim that Hillary Clinton "meets in secret with international banks to plot the destruction of U.S. sovereignty" ^[24]

Ted Cruz

• Assassination of John F. Kennedy – alleged Rafael Cruz, the father of Texas Senator and Republican presidential candidate for the 2016 elections Ted Cruz, had ties to Lee Harvey Oswald. ^{[25] [26]} Trump later stated that he did not actually believe the story. ^[27]

Joe and Hunter Biden

• Biden–Ukraine conspiracy theory ^[28]
• Osama bin Laden death conspiracy theories, explicitly claiming Biden and Obama staged killing with body double, and may have had SEAL Team 6 killed ^[29]
• Hunter Biden laptop controversy and China business dealings conspiracy theory ^[30]
• Hunter Biden cocaine conspiracy theory, specifically relating to the cocaine found in the White House in July 2023 ^[31]
• Asserted that Joe Biden is being controlled by "People that you've never heard of, people that are in the dark shadows." ^[32]
• Claimed that the Biden administration had been ready to kill him during the FBI search of Mar-a-Lago ^[33]
• Claimed that FEMA spent money on housing illegal immigrants, leaving it unable to fund hurricane disaster response. ^[34]
• Claimed that the Biden administration directed federal agencies to bribe news organizations for positive coverage ^[35]
• Shared a post that Biden was executed in 2020 and replaced by a robotic clone ^[36]
• Claimed that the Epstein files are falsified documents created by his political opponents, such as the Biden administration. ^[37]

Kamala Harris

• Harris citizenship conspiracy theories
• Accused Harris of paying celebrities for endorsements, including Bruce Springsteen, Oprah Winfrey, and Bono, falsely claiming that $11 million was paid to Beyoncé ^[38]

Joe Scarborough

• Joe Scarborough conspiracy theory ^{[39] [40]}

Others

• Claimed that Canadian prime minister Justin Trudeau was secretly the son of Cuban leader Fidel Castro ^[41]
• Posted a screenshot of a story claiming that Nikki Haley was disqualified from being president ^[42]
• Spread false conspiracy theories about the attack on Paul Pelosi, suggesting it could have been staged ^[43]
• Suggested that Ruth Bader Ginsburg's dying wish may have been manufactured by the Democratic political leadership in Congress ^[44]
• Claimed that the United States House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack had "deleted and destroyed all the evidence" ^[45]
• Said that James Comey "was calling for the assassination of the president" when he posted an image of seashells spelling "86 47" ^[46]

Claims about clandestine opposition

Deep State

• Claims of a "deep state" conspiracy resisting Trump administration objectives and proper prosecution of Trump foes ^[47]

QAnon

• Expressions of support for QAnon adherents

Antifa

• Claiming those resisting authoritarianism and fascism in the USA are led by an organization identified as "Antifa", an abbreviation for anti-fascism
• Attribution of Buffalo police shoving incident to antifa
• Claimed that a plane full of "thugs in dark uniforms", implying antifa, had recently flown from one unidentified city to another with the intention of fomenting riots ^{[48] [49]}

Anarchists

• Retweeted a One America News Network tweet that ongoing George Floyd protests constituted a "coup attempt" that was "led by a well funded network of anarchists". ^[50]

Russian interference, Robert Mueller investigation deflections

• Allegations of Obama spying on Trump, ^{[51] [52]} including Spygate ^{[4] [53]} and Trump Tower wiretapping allegations ^{[2] [3]}
• Allegations of Hillary Clinton spying on Trump ^{[54] [55] [56]}
• Russiagate hoax. Trump and his defenders have used terms like "Russia hoax", ^[a] "Russian collusion hoax", ^[57] and "Russiagate hoax" ^[67] to delegitimize accusations and investigations of alleged impropriety, cooperation, collusion, or conspiracy between the Trump campaign and the government, officials, and intelligence agencies of Russia. They assert that such accusations are a hoax perpetrated against Trump by his critics and that he is the victim of a witch hunt. ^{[62] [68]} Trump and his supporters have produced no evidence of such a hoax.

The "hoax" accusation has been debunked by numerous sources ^[a] and is contradicted by investigative findings of what "the president, members of his campaign and his associates actually did". ^[69]

• Ukrainian responsibility for election interference ^{[70] [71] [72]}

2016, 2020 and 2024 election claims

To sow election doubt, Trump escalated the use of "rigged election" and "election interference" statements in advance of the 2024 election compared to the previous two elections—the statements described as part of a "heads I win; tails you cheated" rhetorical strategy.

• Trump's false claim of a stolen election
• Italygate ^[74]
• Stop the Steal and conspiracy theories ^[75]
• Voter conspiracy theories ^{[2] [3]}
• Claimed he won the popular vote during the 2016 presidential election, saying "I think there was tremendous cheating in California, there was tremendous cheating in New York and other places". ^[76]
• Claimed that Google manipulated votes in the 2016 election ^[77]
• Tweeted that Google results were "RIGGED" against him. ^[78]
• Tweeted about a conspiracy theory that voting machines made by Dominion Voting Systems had deleted millions of Trump votes. ^[79]
• Referred to the first release of the Twitter Files as proof of "Big Tech companies, the DNC, & the Democrat Party" rigging the 2020 United States presidential election against him, declaring that "the termination of all rules, regulations, and articles, even those found in the Constitution" was necessary. ^[80]
• Cited a study that between three and five million non-citizens voted in the 2016 elections ^[81]
• Claimed that videos produced by James O'Keefe proved Hillary Clinton and Barack Obama had "hired people" and "paid them $1,500" to "be violent, cause fights, [and] do bad things" at Trump rallies. ^[82]
• Claimed that Vladimir Putin said the 2020 presidential election was rigged by mail-in voting and that there would not have been a war in Ukraine if Trump had won. ^[83]

Claims of corrupt science, medicine, and statistics

• COVID-19 deaths systematically overcounted
• Allegations of collusion between Anthony Fauci and the pharmaceutical industry ^[84]
• Claims that Bill Gates and Anthony Fauci profited from COVID-19 vaccinations ^[84]
• Global warming conspiracy theory, claimed that "The concept of global warming was created by and for the Chinese in order to make U.S. manufacturing non-competitive." ^[85]
• Hurricane Maria death toll controversy ^{[2] [3]}
• Mob responsible for movement against asbestos ^{[86] [87]}
• Vaccines cause autism, tweeted "Healthy young child goes to doctor, gets pumped with massive shot of many vaccines, doesn't feel good and changes - AUTISM. Many such cases!" ^[88] Tweeted, "I am being proven right about massive vaccinations—the doctors lied. Save our children & their future" and that parents "know far better than fudged-up reports." ^[89] At Republican debate, claimed " Just the other day, two years old, 2½ years old, a child, a beautiful child went to have the vaccine, and came back, and a week later got a tremendous fever, got very, very sick, now is autistic." ^[90]
• Wind turbines cause cancer ^{[2] [3]}
• Accused Erika McEntarfer of rigging labor statistics for political reasons to make him look bad, and had her fired. ^[91]

Claims about national, ethnic, religious or racial groups

• Great replacement conspiracy theory, alleging that non-white immigrants from Latin America are seeking to displace American citizens in areas of employment, housing, and education. ^[92]
• Tweeted infographic falsely stating that whites killed by blacks constitute 81% of crime, citing the nonexistent "Crime Statistics Bureau — San Francisco" ^[93]
• Alleged actions by Muslims as claimed by Britain First ^{[2] [94]}
• Claimed to have witnessed Muslims in Jersey City cheering the 9/11 terrorist attack ^[95]
• Endorsement of counter-jihad themes, as well as individuals associated with the movement ^{[96] [97]}
• Syrian refugee as ISIS members conspiracy ^[2]
• Mexican government forces criminals across border ^[98]
• White genocide conspiracy theory ^{[99] [100]}
• Haitian immigrants in Springfield, Ohio eating cats and dogs ^[101]
• Claimed that ISIS members were hiding within the Central American migrant caravans ^{[102] [103]}

Claims of paid protestors

• Suggested violent protestors were being funded by "some very stupid rich people" ^[76]
• Alleging that antifa activists were being funded by Democrats, George Soros or "other people". ^[76]
• Claimed that protestors against his crackdown in Washington D.C. were paid by the Democrats ^[104]
• Accused California Governor Gavin Newsom and Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass of paying protesters in Los Angeles. ^[105]

Claims about George Soros

• That Soros was backing the protests against Kavanaugh's Supreme Court nomination. ^[106]
• That Soros funded the Central American migrant caravans heading toward the United States. ^[107]
• That district attorney Alvin Bragg was "bought and paid for" by Soros. ^[108]

Questioning terrorism

• 9/11 conspiracy theories ^[109]
• Denialism and whitewashing regarding the January 6 Capitol attack ^[110]
• Claim that Hamas terrorists are "pouring into our once beautiful USA, through our TOTALLY OPEN SOUTHERN BORDER" ^[111]

Other

• Referenced a conspiracy theory about Antonin Scalia's death, saying "they say they found a pillow on his face, which is a pretty unusual place to find a pillow." ^[112]
• Claimed that the FBI knows the identity of the individual who placed two pipe bombs outside the DNC and RNC on January 6th. ^[113]
• Claimed that Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro controls Tren de Aragua, which Trump says is invading the U.S. ^[114]
• Cast doubt on whether the U.S. gold reserves were still at Fort Knox. ^[115]
• Alluded to the conspiracy theory that Imran Awan was hiding “missing” DNC servers in the middle of remarks about Russian election interference, asking “What happened to the servers of the Pakistani gentleman that worked on the DNC? Where are those servers?” ^[116]

Conspiracy theorists endorsed by Trump

Donald Trump has encouraged individuals who spread conspiracy theories.

• Had dinner with Kanye West after he had promoted anti-Semitic conspiracy theories and had vowed to go "death [ sic ] con 3 On JEWISH PEOPLE" on his Twitter account. His dinner guest was Nick Fuentes, a well-known Holocaust denier. ^{[117] [118] [119]}
• Alex Jones, ^[120] publisher of Infowars , a climate change denialist who has said that the World Bank invented the "hoax" of climate change, ^[121] falsely claims that vaccines cause autism ^{[122] [123]} and who encouraged his listeners to harass the victims of the Sandy Hook elementary school shooting, which he called a "hoax". ^{[124] [125]} Trump appeared on Infowars, where he praised Jones's "amazing reputation", and repeated Jones's claims on the campaign trail. ^{[11] [126]}
  • Paul Joseph Watson, who worked for Alex Jones' Infowars and whose conspiracy theory interests include chemtrails, the New World Order and the Illuminati. ^[127]
• Laura Loomer, ^[128] who has made false claims about several U.S. mass shootings, including that they were affiliated with ISIS or that the shootings were entirely staged ^{[129] [130] [131]}
• Jack Posobiec, known for promoting the Pizzagate conspiracy theory.
• Sidney Powell, an attorney who joined the Trump legal team in 2020, although the team distanced itself from her after she publicly claimed that the 2020 election had been rigged by an elaborate international communist plot. ^[132] She filed and lost four federal cases, alleging voter fraud of "biblical" proportions and claiming that voting machines had been secretly programmed to switch votes from Trump to Biden. ^{[133] [134] [135]}
• Rudy Giuliani, the former Mayor of New York City during the September 11 attacks, best known in more recent years for his role as Donald Trump's attorney in various lawsuits pertaining to and a leading proponent of conspiracy theories about the 2020 presidential election, such as that between 65,000 and 165,000 ballots in Georgia were illegally cast by underage voters, that between 32,000 and "a few hundred thousand" illegal immigrants voted in Arizona, and that from 8,021 to 30,000 votes in Pennsylvania were cast fraudulently by people voting in the names of deceased persons whose names had yet to be purged from voter rolls. ^[136]
• L. Lin Wood, an attorney who promoted conspiracy theories about the 2020 presidential election, claiming that Trump had won the election with 70% of the vote, and that a secret cabal of international communists, Chinese intelligence, and Republican officials had contrived to steal the election from Trump. ^{[137] [138]} Wood also claims that "no planes" hit the World Trade Center and Pentagon on September 11, 2001, and that planes visible in the footage are "CGI". ^[139] He announced that he had "entered the public debate around the 'flat earth' issue", endorsing the belief that it is flat. ^[140]
• Kelly Townsend, an Arizona Senator sought out Trump in 2011 pushing the Obama birther conspiracy. ^{[141] [142] [143]} Townsend along with Roger Stone associate Jerome Corsi, Sheriff Joe Arpaio, and 2020 Maricopa County Sheriff candidate and then chief Arpaio staffer Jerry Sheridan, worked with informant Dennis Montgomery. ^{[142] [144]} In 2020, Townsend worked again with Jerome Corsi claiming the election was stolen from Donald Trump and emailed Corsi a document of Arizona Senators endorsing Trump electors for Vice President Pence, in an attempt to overturn the 2020 election. ^[145] In November 2020, Townsend assisted Sidney Powell along with her birther conspiracy associate Dennis Montgomery who back in 2011 alleged Hammer and Scorecard was spying and used to hack into government computers and change Obama's birth certificate, and in 2020 with Townsend and Powell shifted his claims stating the supercomputer was being used to hack and flip votes in favor of Biden in 2020, and Townsend was listed as a key witness in Powell's Arizona election fraud case. ^{[146] [145] [147] [148]} In the lead up to January 6, 2021, Townsend sponsored a bill that would designate Trump electors to Arizona and promoted the Arizona audit and stolen election claims. ^{[149] [150]} Townsend has also been a leader of the anti-vax movement claiming in 2019 that all vaccines are communist. ^[151]
• Rick Wiles, founder of TruNews was granted press credentials by the Trump administration. ^{[152] [153]} Wiles is known for pushing homophobic and anti-semitic conspiracy theories, including that the Jews seek to take control of the United States to "kill millions of Christians" and stated, "9/11 wasn't done by the Muslims. It was done by a wildcard, the Israeli Mossad, that's cunning and ruthless and can carry out attacks on Americans and make it look like Arabs did it." ^{[152] [154]} In July 2018, during the Trump administration, he claimed that Anderson Cooper and Rachel Maddow were going to lead a "homosexual coup on the White House" that would result in the nationally televised decapitation of the Trump family on the White House lawn. ^[155]
• Roger Stone, long-term political advisor to Donald Trump. Suggested Seth Rich’s parents were paid off to avoid pursuing an investigation into his murder. ^[156] Posted a screenshot from Laura Loomer and claimed that Nikki Haley was "Constitutionally ineligible to be President". ^[157] Pardoned by Trump in connection with the Mueller investigation. ^[158]
• Michael Flynn, retired U.S. Army lieutenant general and former National Security Advisor to Trump. Pledged an oath to the QAnon movement. ^[159] Asserted the COVID-19 pandemic was fabricated as "a distraction to what happened on 3 November," referring to the 2020 presidential election which he maintains was stolen. ^[160]
• Marjorie Taylor Greene, member of the United States House of Representatives. Supported the QAnon conspiracy theory. ^[161] Promoted the theory that the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting was staged. ^[162]
• Tucker Carlson, political commentator. Promoted "the Great Replacement" conspiracy theory, that Democrats are importing immigrants to replace the current electorate with more "obedient" voters. ^[163] Alleged that the January 6th Capitol attack was a "false flag" FBI operation. ^[164]
• Donald Trump Jr., businessman, political activist and eldest child of Donald Trump. During the 2020 presidential election he called for "total war" as the results were counted. ^[165] Amplified Russian propaganda which claimed that the US and Ukraine were developing biological weapons. ^[166]
• Lou Dobbs, political commentator, author, and television host. Gave air time to birtherism theories as early as 2009. ^[167] One of three Fox Corporation program hosts named in a $2.7 billion defamation lawsuit by Smartmatic. ^[168] Supported the claim that Dominion’s machines were rigged to switch votes from Trump to Biden. ^[169]
• Candace Owens, commentator and political activist. Endorsed the conspiracy theory that Brigitte Macron, wife of French President Emmanuel Macron, was secretly transgender. ^[170] Claimed on Twitter that the gunman involved in the Robb Elementary School shooting could be transgender and said that he was "cross-dressing". ^[171]
• Mike Lindell, businessman and political activist. Directed and starred in Absolute Proof, in which he claimed that hackers infiltrated local election office computer systems to alter vote counts — which he calls the “largest cyber-crime in global history.” ^[172]
• Christina Bobb, lawyer, television personality and Republican Party official. Named in a $1.6 billion defamation lawsuit by Dominion Voting Systems against OANN. ^[173] Promoted the 2021 Maricopa County presidential ballot audit. ^[174] Said during a podcast that she believed the political left sought to "normalize pedophilia." ^[175]
• Dinesh D'Souza, political commentator, author, and filmmaker. Produced the film "2000 Mules”, which claims that 2,000 “mules” illegally collected and delivered 400,000 mail ballots to drop boxes across several key swing states during the 2020 presidential election. ^[176]
• Rush Limbaugh, radio talk show host. Suggested that the October 2018 United States mail bombing attempts were likely a false flag operation carried out by a "Democratic operative". ^[177] Suggested that the Christchurch mosque shootings of March 2019 may have been a false-flag attack. ^[178]

Conspiracy theorists in the second Trump administration

• Donald Trump, President of the United States
• Kash Patel, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation ^[179]
• Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Secretary of Health and Human Services ^[180]
• Peter Navarro, senior counselor for trade and manufacturing ^[181]
• Elon Musk, de facto head of the Department of Government Efficiency ^[182]
• Laura Loomer, influenced President Trump to dismiss more than half a dozen national security officials ^{[183] [184]}
• Devin Nunes, Chair of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board ^[185]
• Dan Bongino, deputy director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation ^[186]
• Darren Beattie, acting Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs ^[187]
• Kingsley Wilson, Department of Defense press secretary ^[188]
• Joe Kent, Director of the National Counterterrorism Center ^[189]

See also

• Conspiracy theories in United States politics (in 2016, in 2020, in 2024)
  • False or misleading statements by Donald Trump
    • Election denial movement in the United States (in 2016, in 2020, in 2024)
      • 2000 Mules
      • Absolute Proof
  • Russia investigation origins conspiracy theory
  • George Soros conspiracy theories (in 2010s, in 2020s)
  • Post-truth politics
• Rhetoric of Donald Trump

Notes

1. ^{[57] [58] [59] [60] [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] [66]}

References

1. "Sheriff Arpaio says Obama's birth certificate is forged". CBS News. Archived from the original on May 20, 2013. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
2. Zeballos-Roig, Joseph; Haltiwanger, John; Kranz, Michal (October 9, 2019). "24 conspiracy theories Donald Trump has floated over the years". Business Insider . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
3. Bump, Philip (November 26, 2019). "President Trump loves conspiracy theories. Has he ever been right?". The Washington Post . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
4. Shesgreen, Deirdre (December 16, 2019). "Donald Trump, Russia and Ukraine: Five conspiracy theories debunked". USA Today . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
5. "United States of Conspiracy". PBS Newshour .
6. Barbaro, Michael (September 16, 2016). "Donald Trump Clung to 'Birther' Lie for Years, and Still Isn't Apologetic". The New York Times .
7. "How Donald Trump Perpetuated the 'Birther' Movement for Years". ABC News . September 16, 2016.
8. Serwer, Adam (May 13, 2020). "Birtherism of a Nation". The Atlantic .
9. Haberman, Maggie; Rappeport, Alan (September 16, 2016). "Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, but Floats a New One: Clinton Started It". The New York Times. Retrieved October 12, 2021.
10. Tashman, Brian (May 30, 2016). "58 Donald Trump Conspiracy Theories (and Counting!): The Definitive Trump Conspiracy Guide". Right Wing Watch.
11. Finnegan, William (June 23, 2016). "Donald Trump and the "Amazing" Alex Jones". The New Yorker .
12. Fishel, Justin (June 15, 2016). "Donald Trump Pushes Conspiracy Theory That Obama Supports ISIS". ABC News . Retrieved May 29, 2022.
13. Jacobson, Louis (June 15, 2016). "Donald Trump suggests Barack Obama supported ISIS, but that's a conspiracy theory". PolitiFact . Retrieved May 29, 2022.
14. "Trump dips into internet conspiracy theories with his latest lines about Obama". NBC News. October 11, 2023. Retrieved September 18, 2025.
15. In July 2025, while attempting various diversions from pressure to release the Epstein Files, Trump revived some old conspiracy theories and characterized them anew as accusations that former President Barack Obama and other officials had engaged in "treason", which prompted a rare response from the office of the former president. Eric Tucker, Chris Megerian, Trump’s treason claims against Obama and others prompt a rare response from the former president , The Associated Press, July 22, 2025; quote: “Our office does not normally dignify the constant nonsense and misinformation flowing out of this White House with a response”, said Patrick Rodenbush, an Obama spokesman. “But these claims are outrageous enough to merit one. These bizarre allegations are ridiculous and a weak attempt at distraction.”
16. Haberman, Maggie (September 16, 2016). "Trump Drops False 'Birther' Theory, But Floats a New One: Clinton Started It". The New York Times .
17. Matthews, Dylan (November 14, 2019). "#ClintonBodyCount and Jeffrey Epstein, explained". Vox . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
18. Beggin, Riley (August 11, 2019). "Trump retweets conspiracy claiming Bill Clinton killed Jeffrey Epstein". Vox . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
19. Vasquez, Meagan; Liptak, Kevin (July 23, 2020). "Trump claims not to be following Maxwell case despite long ties to Epstein". CNN . Retrieved July 21, 2025.
20. "Donald Trump Remarks at CPAC". C-SPAN . February 27, 2015. Retrieved July 21, 2025.
21. "What to Know About Pizzagate, the Fake News Story With Real Consequences". Time. December 5, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
22. Calderone, Michael (January 8, 2017). "Trump Linked To Fox News' Bogus Seth Rich Story, Lawsuit Alleges". HuffPost . Retrieved May 16, 2020.
23. Kiely, Eugene (April 28, 2015). "No 'Veto Power' for Clinton on Uranium Deal". factcheck.org. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
24. Kampeas, Ron. "Donald Trump's 'international bankers' speech leaves some uneasy".
25. Fader, Carole (July 29, 2016). "Fact Check: Did Ted Cruz's father consort with Lee Harvey Oswald?". The Florida Times-Union. Retrieved March 17, 2021.
26. Mccaskill, Nolan D. (May 3, 2016). "Trump accuses Cruz's father of helping JFK's assassin". Politico . Retrieved March 17, 2021.
27. "Fox Host Regrets Not Pressing Trump When He Linked Cruz's Dad To Oswald" Archived January 5, 2019, at the Wayback Machine , Talking Points Memo (May 5, 2016).
28. "AP Explains: Trump seizes on dubious Biden-Ukraine story". AP News . October 15, 2020. Retrieved October 30, 2020.
29. Subramaniam, Tara; Lybrand, Holmes (October 15, 2020). "Fact-checking the dangerous bin Laden conspiracy theory that Trump touted". CNN . Retrieved March 17, 2021.
30. Kessler, Glenn; Usero, Adriana (January 21, 2023). "Analysis | How a Hunter Biden conspiracy theory grew, from lone tweet to a big megaphone". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved November 8, 2023.
31. Lee, Devan Cole, Paula Reid, MJ (November 2, 2023). "Hunter Biden accuses right-wing critics of 'weaponization' of his addiction in USA Today op-ed | CNN Politics". CNN. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
32. Shabad, Rebecca (September 1, 2020). "Trump claims without evidence that Biden controlled by people in 'the dark shadows'". NBC News. Retrieved September 5, 2020.
33. Astor, Maggie (May 22, 2024). "Trump Falsely Claims Biden Administration Was 'Locked & Loaded' to Kill Him". The New York Times. ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on May 23, 2024. Retrieved May 23, 2024. Former President Donald J. Trump misrepresented a standard Justice Department policy to claim the F.B.I. was ready to kill him when searching his home in 2022.
34. Rodriguez, Sabrina; McDaniel, Justine (October 4, 2024). "As Trump makes false claims about hurricane relief, White House calls it 'poison'" . The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 4, 2024. Retrieved October 9, 2024.
35. Jordan Liles. "USAID paid $44K to Politico, not over $8M as White House claimed. It was for subscriptions".
36. Kanno-Youngs, Zolan (June 1, 2025). "Trump Amplifies Outlandish Robot Biden Conspiracy Theory". The New York Times . Archived from the original on June 2, 2025. Retrieved June 2, 2025.
37. "Trump admin says Democrats created Epstein files, denies 'client list' exists - National | Globalnews.ca". globalnews.ca. Retrieved July 14, 2025.
38. Stanton, Andrew (May 19, 2025). "Did Kamala Harris Pay Beyoncé $11M for Endorsement? What Records Show". newsweek.com.
39. Forgey, Quint (May 12, 2020). "Trump promotes conspiracy theory accusing TV show host of murder". Politico . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
40. Coleman, Justine (May 24, 2020). "Trump ramps up Twitter push on unfounded Scarborough conspiracy theory". The Hill .
41. Major, Darren. "Trump repeats conspiracy theory that PM Trudeau 'could be' son of Fidel Castro".
42. Bendery, Jennifer (January 9, 2024). "Trump Keeps Suggesting People Who Aren't White Aren't Eligible To Be President". HuffPost .
43. Blake, Aaron (November 2, 2022). "Trump pitches a Pelosi conspiracy theory, which quickly goes up in flames". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on November 3, 2022. Retrieved November 3, 2022.
44. Martin Pengelly (September 21, 2020). "Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Champion Of Gender Equality, Dies At 87". The Guardian . Archived from the original on September 23, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
45. Vlachou, Marita (December 13, 2024). "Adam Kinzinger Shares Why He Thinks Trump Threatened To Go After Jan. 6 Panel Members". HuffPost. Retrieved December 13, 2024.
46. Koplowitz, Howard (May 16, 2025). "Trump says 'dirty cop' former FBI director 'meant assassination' with '86 47' seashells picture". al. Retrieved May 16, 2025.
47. Cillizza, Chris (February 14, 2020). "Donald Trump's 'Deep State' conspiracy theory just took a big hit". CNN Politics. Retrieved May 14, 2020.
48. Collins, Ben (September 1, 2020). "Trump's 'plane loaded with thugs' conspiracy theory matches months-old rumor". NBC News .
49. Zadrodzny, Brandy; Collins, Ben (June 2, 2020). "False antifa rumors about a suburban invasion take over neighborhood social media apps". NBC News .
50. Baker, Peter (August 30, 2020). "Trump Embraces Fringe Theories on Protests and the Coronavirus". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 30, 2020. Retrieved August 30, 2020.
51. Sullivan, Margaret (May 19, 2020). "'Obamagate': Fox News helping Trump turn conspiracy theory into 2020 version of Clinton's emails". The Independent . Retrieved May 19, 2020.
52. "Opinion: The absurd cynicism of 'Obamagate'". The Washington Post . May 16, 2020. Retrieved May 19, 2020.
53. Corn, David (December 9, 2019). "Inspector General's Report Shows Trump's "Spygate" Conspiracy Theory Was the Real Hoax". Mother Jones . Retrieved May 16, 2020.
54. Kessler, Glenn (February 15, 2022). "Here's why Trump once again is claiming 'spying' by Democrats". The Washington Post . Retrieved June 4, 2022.
55. Reimann, Nicholas (February 17, 2022). "Trump's Latest Claim That Clinton 'Spied' On His Campaign, Explained". Forbes . Retrieved June 4, 2022.
56. Kertscher, Tom (February 28, 2022). ""Hillary Clinton spied on President Trump."". PolitiFact . Retrieved June 4, 2022.
57. Spencer, Saranac Hale (October 9, 2020). "Partisan Claims of 'Russia Hoax' Revived Ahead of 2020 Election". FactCheck.org . Retrieved April 8, 2025.
58. Dilanian, Ken (September 7, 2020). "FBI agent who helped launch Russia probe says Trump was 'compromised'". NBC News . Archived from the original on September 7, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2025.
59. Woodward, Calvin (February 19, 2018). "AP Fact Check: Trump lashes out on Russia probe after Friday's indictment". PBS News . Retrieved April 10, 2025.
60. Watkins, Eli (August 5, 2018). "White House officials explain Trump's 'Russian hoax' line". CNN . Retrieved April 8, 2025.
61. Benen, Steve (May 17, 2023). "GOP uses Durham report to pretend the Russia scandal wasn't real". MSNBC . Archived from the original on May 18, 2023. Retrieved April 8, 2025.
62. Corn, David (November 14, 2024). "Trump picks Rubio and Stefanik once confirmed Putin attacked the 2016 election to help Trump". Mother Jones . Retrieved April 8, 2025.
63. Nichols, Tom (April 17, 2025). "Ed Martin Has Completely Disqualified Himself". The Atlantic . Archived from the original on April 17, 2025. Retrieved April 17, 2025.
64. Graham, David A. (October 11, 2024). "The Russia Hoax Is Still Not a Hoax". The Atlantic . Archived from the original on October 13, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2025.
65. Frum, David (November 25, 2021). "It Wasn't a Hoax". The Atlantic . Archived from the original on November 25, 2021. Retrieved December 11, 2021.
66. Bump, Philip (September 9, 2022). "Trump presented his Russia hoax theory to a court. It went poorly". The Washington Post . Retrieved April 8, 2025.
67. DiResta, Renee; Jurecic, Quinta (February 20, 2025). "The Rise and Fall of America's Response to Foreign Election Meddling". Lawfare . Retrieved April 18, 2025.
68. Young, Cathy (October 25, 2022). "No, 'Russiagate' Wasn't the Hoax That Team Trump Claims It Was". Cato Institute . Retrieved April 8, 2025.
69. Wittes, Benjamin (August 21, 2020). "A Collusion Reading Diary: What Did the Senate Intelligence Committee Find?". Lawfare . Retrieved October 17, 2023.
70. Nicholas, Peter (November 29, 2019). "Why Trump Loves – And Depends on – Conspiracy Theories". The Atlantic . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
71. Shuster, Simon; Bergengruen, Vera (October 3, 2019). "How Trump's Obsession With a Conspiracy Theory Led to the Impeachment Crisis". Time . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
72. Benen, Steve (May 11, 2020). "The political significance of Trump's odd new conspiracy theory". MSNBC . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
73. Yourish, Karen; Smart, Charlie (May 24, 2024). "Trump's Pattern of Sowing Election Doubt Intensifies in 2024". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 24, 2024.
74. Benner, Katie (June 5, 2021). "Meadows Pressed Justice Dept. to Investigate Election Fraud Claims". The New York Times .
75. "Donald J. Trump, Twitter". Donald Trump. November 8, 2020. Retrieved November 8, 2020.
76. Dale, Daniel (September 2, 2020). "Fact check: A guide to 9 conspiracy theories Trump is currently pushing". CNN . Retrieved May 29, 2022.
77. Feiner, Lauren (August 19, 2019). "Trump tweets without evidence that Google 'manipulated' votes in the 2016 election and 'should be sued'". CNBC . Archived from the original on April 23, 2020.
78. Louis Jacobson (August 29, 2018). "No, 96% of Google news stories on Trump aren't from left-wing outlets". PolitiFact . Retrieved August 22, 2024. This figure is based on a non-scientific study from a conservative website that categorized any media outlet not expressly conservative as being part of the "left." These outlets include wire services, broadcast networks and most major newspapers and collectively account for a large percentage of original news reports produced in the United States. The methodology essentially preordains that a large percentage of coverage captured by Google will be what the study defines as "left," which is wrong.
79. "QAnon's Dominion voter fraud conspiracy theory reaches the president". NBC News. November 13, 2020. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved April 19, 2021.
80. Habeshian, Sareen (December 3, 2022). "Trump: Constitution should be terminated due to 'massive' election fraud". Axios . Archived from the original on December 9, 2022. Retrieved December 13, 2022.
81. Ryan, Josiah (January 27, 2017). "Trump-cited study author (still) refuses to show proof of voter fraud". CNN. Retrieved January 28, 2017.
82. Israel, Josh (October 20, 2016). "Trump used his foundation to fund guerrilla filmmaker James O'Keefe". ThinkProgress. Archived from the original on October 28, 2016. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
83. Smith, David (August 16, 2025). "Love in a cold climate: Putin romances Trump in Alaska with talk of rigged elections and a trip to Moscow". theguardian.com.
84. "Fact check: The COVID-19 pandemic was not orchestrated by pharmaceutical companies, investment groups and philanthropists". Reuters. January 30, 2021. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
85. Lopez, German (September 26, 2016). "Donald Trump absolutely did say global warming is a Chinese hoax". Vox .
86. Rosenthal, Max J. (June 9, 2016). "The Trump Files: Donald Thinks Asbestos Fears Are a Mob Conspiracy". Mother Jones .
87. Goodkind, Nicole (June 7, 2018). "Donald Trump Called Asbestos Poisoning a Mob-Led Conspiracy, Now His EPA Won't Evaluate Asbestos Already in Homes". Newsweek.
88. "Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) on X". X (formerly Twitter). Archived from the original on January 29, 2025.
89. Schulman, Jeremy (June 16, 2015). "13 Tweets That Definitively Prove That Donald Trump Is Not a Scientist". Mother Jones.
90. Welch, Ashley (September 17, 2015). "GOP debate fact check: Claims about vaccines and autism". CBS News .
91. Rugaber, Christopher; Boak, Josh (August 1, 2025). "Trump removes official overseeing jobs data after dismal employment report". AP News.
92. Oshin, Olafimihan (May 24, 2022). "6 in 10 Trump voters agree with core tenet of great replacement theory: survey". The Hill. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
93. Farley, Robert (November 23, 2015). "Trump Retweets Bogus Crime Graphic". FactCheck.org.
94. Dearden, Lizzie (November 29, 2017). "Donald Trump retweets Britain First deputy leader's Islamophobic posts". The Independent . Retrieved May 14, 2020.
95. "What ABC News Footage Shows of 9/11 Celebrations". ABC News . December 4, 2015.
96. Beauchamp, Zack (February 13, 2017). "Trump's counter-jihad". Vox .
97. Perwee, Ed (2020). "Donald Trump, the anti-Muslim far right and the new conservative revolution". Ethnic and Racial Studies. 43 (16): 211–230. doi: 10.1080/01419870.2020.1749688 . S2CID   218843237.
98. Denvir, Daniel (September 2, 2016). "The "Mexico sends them" myth: Trump's not just racist but channeling far-right immigration conspiracies". Salon.com .
99. Hutzler, Alexandra; Walsh, Kelsey (May 21, 2025). "Trump confronts South Africa's president in Oval Office, pushes false claims of white genocide". ABC News. Retrieved May 21, 2025.
100. "'Dangerous and poisoned': Critics blast Trump for endorsing white nationalist conspiracy theory on South Africa". The Washington Post . August 23, 2018.
101. Picciotto, Rebecca (September 10, 2024). "Presidential debate live updates: Trump goes off script with false conspiracy, claims 'They're eating the dogs'". CNBC. Retrieved September 11, 2024.
102. Darcy, Oliver (October 22, 2018). "Trump seizes on right-wing media reports to suggest migrant caravan has been infiltrated by 'unknown Middle Easterners' | CNN Business". CNN. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
103. Palma, Bethania (October 23, 2018). "Were 100 ISIS Terrorists Caught in Guatemala as a Central American Caravan Headed to the US?". Snopes. Retrieved December 29, 2022.
104. Houghtaling, Ellie Quinlan (August 15, 2025). "Trump Melts Down Upon Realizing Just How Much D.C. Hates Him". newrepublic.com.
105. Mackey, Robert (June 10, 2025). "Fact-check: Trump's speech at Fort Bragg contained lies and conspiracy theories about LA". theguardian.com.
106. Jamieson, Amber (October 6, 2018). "Trump's Lawyer Retweeted That 'Anti-Christ' George Soros Is Funding Anti-Kavanaugh Protests". Buzzfeed News. Archived from the original on October 6, 2018. Retrieved October 6, 2018.
107. "Trump: "A Lot of People Say" George Soros Is Funding the Migrant Caravan". Vanity Fair . October 31, 2018. Archived from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
108. Dale, Daniel (March 31, 2023). "Breaking down Trump's 'Soros' attack on the Manhattan DA". CNN . Archived from the original on April 2, 2023. Retrieved April 2, 2023.
109. "Trump says 'nobody's gotten to the bottom of 9/11'". New York Daily News . July 28, 2022.
110. Hodges, Lauren (January 2, 2022). "Trump still says his supporters weren't behind the Jan. 6 attack — but I was there". www.npr.org.
111. Sherman, Maria Ramirez Uribe, Amy. "Trump's bogus claim about Hamas and the U.S. southern border". @politifact. Retrieved September 18, 2025.
112. Krieg, Gregory (February 16, 2016). "Skipping Scalia autopsy spawns conspiracy theories | CNN Politics". CNN.
113. Wegmann, Philip [@PhilipWegmann] (January 7, 2025). "Trump says FBI knows the identity of the individual who left the pipe bombs outside the DNC and RNC on J6: "And why didn't they find the bomber, the pipe bomber? You know, they know who the pipe bomber is. The FBI knows who it is."" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
114. Garsd, Jasmine; Myre, Greg (May 6, 2025). "U.S. intelligence memo says Venezuelan government does not control Tren de Aragua gang". NPR.org.
115. Saul, Derek (February 24, 2025). "Trump Says He's Going To Check If 'Somebody Stole' Fort Knox $400 Billion Gold Supply. What We Know". Forbes.com.
116. Simon, Abigail (July 16, 2018). "President Trump Gave a Nod to a 2016 Conspiracy Theory in Helsinki". Time.
117. Nordliner, Jay (November 28, 2022). "Guess who came to dinner". National Review .
118. Kampeas, Ron (November 29, 2022). "Trump's dinner with a Holocaust denier draws rare criticism from Jewish allies". Times of Israel .
119. Cohen, Haley (December 5, 2022). "Trump dinner with antisemites a 'breaking point' - Jewish former allies say". Jerusalem Post .
120. Corn, David (June 13, 2017). "Here's the Alex Jones story Megyn Kelly and other reporters should probe". Mother Jones . Retrieved September 2, 2020.
121. Blakeslee, Nate (January 20, 2013). "Alex Jones Is About To Explode". Texas Weekly. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
122. Belluz, Julia (June 16, 2017). "I talked to Alex Jones fans about climate change and vaccines. Their views may surprise you". Vox . New York City: Vox Media . Retrieved August 7, 2018.
123. Woolf, Nicky (February 7, 2015). "Anti-vaccine activists waging 'primordial cosmic war' despite measles backlash". The Guardian . Retrieved November 29, 2017.
124. Crawford, Amanda (December 14, 2022). "Ten Years After Sandy Hook, Alex Jones is Being Held Accountable for Spreading Falsehoods". UConn Today.
125. Hastings, Dorothy; Nawaz, Amna (October 12, 2022). "Jury orders conspiracy theorist Alex Jones to pay Sandy Hook families nearly $1 billion". PBS Newshour .
126. "Alex Jones and Donald Trump: How the Candidate Echoed the Conspiracy Theorist on the Campaign Trail". Frontline. July 28, 2020.
127. Wilson, Jason (May 24, 2017). "How rightwing pundits are reacting to the Manchester attack". The Guardian . Retrieved June 3, 2017. Paul Joseph Watson, Alex Jones's British mini-me, has followed the same broad path that the rest of the organization has. He was never on the left, of course, but over time his commentary has focused less and less on the Illuminati and chemtrails, and more and more on pushing a stridently anti-Muslim, anti-feminist and anti-left message.
128. Obeidallah, Dean (February 9, 2020). "Laura Loomer, Trumpy Bigot Embraced by the Florida GOP, Could Actually Get to Congress". The Daily Beast . Retrieved September 2, 2020.
129. Palma, Bethania (May 18, 2018). "Conspiracy Theories Immediately Appear After Santa Fe School Shooting". Snopes. Retrieved September 6, 2018.
130. Sommer, Will (June 27, 2018). "Jack Posobiec and Laura Loomer Fight for Credit Over Vegas Shooting Conspiracy Theory". The Daily Beast . Retrieved September 6, 2018.
131. Weill, Kelly; LaPorta, James (February 21, 2018). "InfoWars Sends Professional Troll Laura Loomer to Parkland". The Daily Beast . Retrieved August 19, 2020.
132. Sherman, Jake; Palmer, Anna; Ross, Garrett; Okun, Eli (November 19, 2020). "POLITICO Playbook PM: Rudy". Politico . Archived from the original on November 20, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2020.
133. "Trump lawyer Sidney Powell says Georgia election lawsuit "will be biblical," suggests GOP governor helped Biden". Newsweek . November 22, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
134. "Trump campaign cuts ties with attorney Sidney Powell after bizarre election fraud claims". The Guardian . Associated Press. November 23, 2020. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
135. Fichera, Angelo; Spencer, Saranac Hale (November 13, 2020). "Bogus Theory Claims Supercomputer Switched Votes in Election". FactCheck.org. Archived from the original on November 15, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
136. Kiely, Eugene; Farley, Robert (June 24, 2021). "Rudy Giuliani's Bogus Election Fraud Claims". FactCheck.org. Retrieved November 4, 2022.
137. Winters, Jeremy (November 11, 2020). "Tucker Carlson Dared Question a Trump Lawyer. The Backlash Was Quick". The New York Times . Retrieved November 22, 2020.
138. Judd, Alan (December 18, 2020). "Amid personal turmoil, libel lawyer Lin Wood goes on the attack for Trump". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution . Retrieved January 3, 2021.
139. Lemon, Jason (October 2, 2021). "Lin Wood Claims Hit No Planes Hit Twin Towers and Pentagon on 9/11: 'We Got Played'". Newsweek .
140. Hart, Benjamin (June 12, 2022). "Lin Wood, Pro-Trump Attorney, is a Flat Earther". Intelligencer .
141. "Trump Plans Meeting on Arizona Birth Bill". April 7, 2011.
142. "Trump's lies and costly investigations have marred Arizona for a decade". MSNBC . September 24, 2021.
143. "Surprise Tea Party Patriots pack hall for Arpaio and Zullo". September 26, 2016.
144. https://kjzz.org/content/196890/chief-deputy-sheriff's-office-paid-250k-informant's-secret-investigation%5B%5D
145. Jaci (March 7, 2022). "In the Documents: New Details About the Origins of the Arizona Senate's Discredited Election 'Audit' - American Oversight". American Oversight.
146. "Pursuing the chink in Obama's armor / October 13, 2010 / Sonoran News". Archived from the original on October 22, 2010.
147. "Pt 1 Blixseth on Montgomery "I Hacked into All of America for Brennan & Clapper" Trump Zillion Times".
148. "Objection – #63 in Bowyer v. Ducey (D. Ariz., 2:20-cv-02321) – CourtListener.com". CourtListener. Retrieved April 28, 2023.
149. "Townsend's bill would give Trump Arizona's 11 electoral votes". January 5, 2021.
150. "'You want to see a temper tantrum?': Arizona Republican sides with Democrats, blocks voting bill". NBC News . April 23, 2021.
151. Bella, Timothy (March 1, 2019). "'Something is in those vaccines': Lawmaker says mandatory measles shots are 'Communist'". The Washington Post . ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved May 16, 2023.
152. Kampeas, Ron (January 23, 2020). "Trump White House Again Credentials Website That Called Impeachment a 'Jew Coup'". Haaretz. JTA. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
153. Grynbaum, Michael M. (January 26, 2020). "Site That Ran Anti-Semitic Remarks Got Passes for Trump Trip". The New York Times . Retrieved February 7, 2020.
154. "Antisemitic Conspiracies About 9/11 Endure 20 Years Later". Anti-Defamation League. September 9, 2021. Retrieved June 22, 2022.
155. Williams, James (July 23, 2018). "Florida Talk Show Host Rick Wiles 'We Are 72 Hours Away From An Attack On The White House.'". News Talk Florida. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
156. Ziv, Stav (July 11, 2017). "Seth Rich Update: Family Pleads for End to Conspiracy Theories as Roger Stone Says They Were Paid Off". newsweek.com.
157. Roger Stone [@RogerJStoneJr] (January 2, 2024). "So @LauraLoomer is right . Nikki Haley is Constitutionally ineligible to be President....or Vice President" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
158. "Statement from the Press Secretary Regarding Executive Grants of Clemency". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021 – via National Archives.
159. Cohen, Marshall (July 7, 2020). "Michael Flynn posts video featuring QAnon slogans". CNN.
160. "Former Trump advisor Michael Flynn says coronavirus a conspiracy to distract from election" . The Independent. May 22, 2021. Archived from the original on May 12, 2022.
161. Reimann, Nicholas (June 10, 2020). "A QAnon Follower May Win This U.S. Congressional Seat". Forbes . Archived from the original on August 15, 2020. Retrieved June 13, 2020.
162. Hananoki, Eric (January 21, 2021). "On Facebook in 2018, Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene endorsed conspiracy theories that 9/11 was an inside job and that Sandy Hook was staged". Media Matters for America . Retrieved January 22, 2021.
163. Walsh, Joan (October 7, 2021). "Tucker Carlson's Nightly Toxicity Is Poisoning His Brain". The Nation. Retrieved October 8, 2021.
164. Cohen, Marshall (June 17, 2021). "Fact-check: Fox News and Republican lawmakers push new false flag conspiracy that FBI orchestrated US Capitol attack". CNN. Retrieved August 7, 2021.
165. "'Reckless' and 'stupid': Trump Jr calls for 'total war' over election results". The Independent . Archived from the original on January 14, 2021. Retrieved January 10, 2021.
166. Qiu, Linda (March 11, 2022). "Theory About U.S.-Funded Bioweapons Labs in Ukraine Is Unfounded". The New York Times . ISSN   0362-4331. Archived from the original on March 11, 2022. Retrieved March 12, 2022.
167. "Freemasons to 'Birthers': rise of D.C. conspiracy theories". Christian Science Monitor. August 4, 2009. Archived from the original on December 21, 2015. Retrieved January 8, 2020.
168. Darcy, Oliver (February 4, 2021). "Voting technology company Smartmatic files $2.7 billion lawsuit against Fox News, Rudy Giuliani and Sidney Powell over 'disinformation campaign'". CNN . Archived from the original on February 4, 2021. Retrieved February 5, 2021.
169. Folkenflik, David; Yang, Mary (April 18, 2023). "Fox News settles blockbuster defamation lawsuit with Dominion Voting Systems". NPR . Retrieved January 23, 2024.
170. Rascouët-Paz, Anna (March 18, 2024). "No, France's First Lady Brigitte Macron Isn't a Trans Woman". Snopes . Archived from the original on March 23, 2024. Retrieved March 23, 2024.
171. Yurcaba, Jo; Goggin, Ben; Collins, Ben (May 25, 2022). "Trans woman's photo used to spread baseless online theory about Texas shooter". NBC News. Archived from the original on May 26, 2022. Retrieved June 3, 2022.
172. Tolan, Casey; Devine, Curt; Griffin, Drew (August 5, 2021). "MyPillow magnate Mike Lindell's latest election conspiracy theory is his most bizarre yet". CNN. Retrieved August 6, 2021.
173. Pruitt-Young, Sharon (August 10, 2021). "The 2020 Election is Back in Court, as Dominion Sues Conservative Media Outlets". NPR . Archived from the original on December 30, 2022. Retrieved September 2, 2023.
174. Duda, Jeremy (February 23, 2021). "OANN report on Maricopa County election riddled with falsehoods". Arizona Mirror. Archived from the original on March 14, 2024. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
175. Shuham, Matt (October 17, 2024). "GOP's 'Election Integrity' Lawyer Says U.S. Needs 'Cleansing'". HuffPost .
176. McCarthy, Bill; Sherman, Amy (May 4, 2022). "The faulty premise of the '2,000 mules' trailer about voting by mail in the 2020 election". PolitiFact. Archived from the original on September 6, 2023. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
177. "Ann Coulter, Rush Limbaugh and others stick with conspiracy theories after mail-bomb suspect's arrest". The Washington Post . Archived from the original on February 2, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
178. Concha, Joe (March 15, 2019). "Limbaugh suggests without evidence that New Zealand attacker is 'a leftist'". The Hill . Retrieved March 16, 2019.
179. Pilkington, Ed (December 1, 2024). "Conspiracy theorist Kash Patel, Trump's pick to lead FBI, faces Senate blowback". The Guardian . Retrieved March 23, 2025.
180. Dorn, Sara; Pastis, Stephen (November 15, 2024). "RFK Jr.'s Conspiracy Theories: Here's What Trump's Pick For Health Secretary Has Promoted" . Forbes. Archived from the original on January 12, 2025. Retrieved January 18, 2025.
181. Feinberg, Andrew (February 9, 2022). "Capitol riot committee subpoenas ex-Trump adviser Peter Navarro". independent.co.uk.
182. Duffy, Clare (November 21, 2023). "Elon Musk is now boosting the 'Pizzagate' conspiracy theory | CNN Business". CNN. Archived from the original on August 12, 2024. Retrieved August 12, 2024.
183. Pengelly, Martin (August 14, 2023). "Trump praises 'terrific' white supremacist conspiracy theorist". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved November 23, 2023.
184. Swan, Jonathan; Haberman, Maggie; Bensinger, Ken (April 4, 2025). "Loomer's Role in Firings Shows Rising Sway of Fringe Figures on Trump" . The New York Times . Archived from the original on April 4, 2025. Retrieved April 4, 2025.
185. Cole, Devan (January 16, 2020). "Devin Nunes now says he talked to key Ukraine figure, after suggesting he hadn't". CNN.
186. Thomas, Daniel (February 24, 2025). "Donald Trump picks rightwing podcaster as FBI's second-in-command". Financial Times.
187. Kaczynski, Andrew; Hansler, Jennifer; Steck, Em (February 3, 2025). "Trump appoints speechwriter fired for attending conference with White nationalists to top State Department role". CNN. Retrieved February 4, 2025.
188. Radnofsky, Caroline; Gallion, Bryan; Sheeley, Colin (March 6, 2025). "DOD deputy press secretary has history of tweets with racist and antisemitic conspiracy theories". NBC News . Retrieved May 27, 2025.
189. Brunner, Jim (April 10, 2025). "Joe Kent defends Signal chat, repeats Jan. 6 conspiracy at Senate hearing". The Seattle Times . Retrieved May 22, 2025.