List of paintings by Raphael

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The following is a list of paintings by the Italian Renaissance painter Raphael. Together with Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci he forms the traditional trinity of great masters of that period. He was enormously prolific. Despite his early death at 37, a large body of work remains, especially in the Vatican, where Raphael and a large team of assistants, executing his drawings under his direction, frescoed the Raphael Rooms known as the Stanze. He was extremely influential in his lifetime, but after his death the influence of his rival Michelangelo was more widespread until the 18th and 19th centuries, when his more tranquil qualities were again widely taken as models.

Contents

List of paintings

ImageYear
Title
Gallery
Country
Technique
Dimensions (cm)
Rafael - ressureicaocristo01.jpg
1499–1502:
Resurrection of Christ
São Paulo Museum of Art, BrazilOil on panel
57 x 47
Rafael - Bandeira processional.jpg
c. 1499:
Banner of the Holy Trinity  [ Wikidata ]
Pinacoteca Comunale, Città di Castello Oil on canvas
166 x 94
Rafael - Bandeira processional 2.jpg
c. 1499:
The Creation of Eve from Adam's Rib  [ Wikidata ]
Pinacoteca Comunale, Città di Castello Oil on canvas
166 x 94
Raffaello Angelo 1 (frammento pala Baronci).jpg
1500–1501:
Angel
Pinacoteca Civica Tosio Martinengo, Brescia, ItalyOil on canvas transferred from panel
31 x 26
Raffaello Angelo 2 (frammento pala Baronci).jpg
1500–1501:
Angel Holding a Scroll
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on panel
58 x 36
Raffaello, God the Father and the Virgin Mary.jpg
1500–1501:
God the Father and the Virgin Mary
Museo di Capodimonte, Naples, ItalyTempera on panel
110 x 73
Raffael 021.jpg
1501–1502:
Saint Sebastian
Accademia Carrara di Belle Arti di Bergamo, ItalyOil on panel
45,1 x 36,5
Raphael - Saint Francis of Assisi - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1502:
Saint Francis of Assisi (Raphael)  [ Wikidata ]
Dulwich Picture Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
25 x 16
Raphael - Saint Anthony of Padua - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1502:
Saint Anthony of Padua (Raphael)  [ Wikidata ]
Dulwich Picture Gallery, United KingdomOil on panel
25 x 16
Raphaelportraityoungman.jpg
c. 1502:
Portrait of a Man
Galleria Borghese, Rome, ItalyOil on panel
45 x 31
Raphael - Von der Ropp Madonna.jpg
c. 1502:
Madonna and Child between Saints Jerome and Francis  [ Wikidata ]
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, GermanyOil on panel
34 x 29
Raffaello Sanzio (Urbino, 28 marzo 1483 - Roma, 6 aprile 1520) - Madonna Solly (1500-1504) Olio su tavola dimensioni 52x38 cm. - Gemaldegalerie, Berlino.jpg
c. 1502:
Solly Madonna
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, GermanyOil on panel
52 x 38
Raffaello Sanzio - Madonna and Child - WGA18620.jpg
1502–1503:
Madonna and Child with the Book
Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena, United StatesOil on panel
55,2 x 40
CrocefissioneRaffaello.jpg
1502–1503:
Mond Crucifixion
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
283,3 x 167,3
Rafael - Milagre de Santo Eusebio de Cremona-1.jpg
1502–1503:
Saint Eusebius Resurrecting Three People  [ Wikidata ]
National Museum of Ancient Art, Lisbon, PortugalOil on panel
25,6 x 43,9
Raffaello Sanzio - St. Jerome Punishing the Heretic Sabinian.jpg
1503:
Saint Jerome Punishing the Heretic Sabinian  [ Wikidata ]
North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, United StatesOil on panel
25,7 x 41,9
PalaOddiRaffaello.jpg
1502–1504:
Coronation of the Virgin
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel transferred to canvas
272 x 165
Raphael - The Annunciation (Oddi altar).jpg
1502–1504:
The Annunciation
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel
27 x 50
The Adoration of the Magi - Rafael.jpg
1502–1504:
The Adoration of the Magi
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel
27 x 50
Raphael Presentation in the Temple.jpg
1502–1504:
The Presentation in the Temple
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel
27 x 50
Raffael - Madonna Diotalevi.jpg
c. 1503:
Diotallevi Madonna
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, GermanyOil on panel
69 x 50
Raphael - Portrait of a Young Man.jpg
c. 1503:
Self-Portrait
Alte Pinakothek, Munich, Germany [1] [lower-alpha 1]
Young Man Apple.jpg
1503–1504:
Young Man with an Apple
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyTempera on panel
48 x 35,5
Raphael - Saint George Fighting the Dragon.jpg
1503–1505:
Saint George
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on panel
29 x 25
Raffaello Sanzio - St Michael and the Dragon - WGA18633.jpg
1503–1505:
Saint Michael
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on panel
30 x 26
Raffaello Santi - Portrait of Pietro Bembo - Google Art Project.jpg
1503–1505:
Portrait of a Young Man (Ippolito d'Este?)
Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest), HungaryOil on panel
54 x 39
Raffaello - Spozalizio - Web Gallery of Art.jpg
1504:
The Marriage of the Virgin
Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan, ItalyOil on panel
170 x 117
Raffael 024.jpg
1504:
Conestabile Madonna
Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, RussiaTempera on canvas transferred from panel
17,5 x 18
Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints.jpg
c. 1504
Madonna and Child Enthroned with Saints
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, United StatesOil and gold on panel
169,5 x 168,9
The Agony in the Garden MET DP136373.jpg
c. 1504
The Agony in the Garden  [ Wikidata ]
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, United StatesOil on panel
24,1 x 28,9
Raphael Pieta.jpg
Lamentation over the Dead Christ (Raphael)  [ Wikidata ]
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, United StatesOil on panel
23,5 x 28,8
RAFAEL - Sueno del Caballero (National Gallery de Londres, 1504. Oleo sobre tabla, 17 x 17 cm).jpg
c. 1504
An Allegory ('Vision of a Knight')
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
17,1 x 17,3
Raphael - Les Trois Graces - Google Art Project 2.jpg
c. 1504
Three Graces
Musée Condé, Chantilly, FranceOil on panel
17 x 17
Raffaello Sanzio - The Procession to Calvary.jpg
1504–1505
The Procession to Calvary (Raphael)  [ Wikidata ]
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
24,4 x 85,5
Raphael - Madonna dell Granduca.jpg
1504–1505
Madonna del Granduca
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
84,4 x 55,9
PalaAnsidei.jpg
1505:
Ansidei Madonna
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
216,8 x 147,6
Raphael - Saint John the Baptist Preaching.JPG
1505:
Saint John the Baptist Preaching (Raphael)  [ Wikidata ]
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
26,2 x 52
Raffaello Madonna Cowper.jpg
c. 1505
Small Cowper Madonna
National Gallery of Art, Washington, United StatesOil on panel
59,5 x 44
Raphael - Mary with the Child, John the Baptist and a Holy Boy (Madonna Terrranuova) - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1505:
Terranuova Madonna
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, GermanyOil on panel
Diameter 88,5
Raffaello Sanzio - Christ Blessing (Pax Vobiscum) - WGA18639.jpg
1505–1506:
Christ Blessing
Pinacoteca Civica Tosio Martinengo, Brescia, ItalyOil on panel
32 x 25
Raffaello Sanzio - Madonna del Cardellino - Google Art Project.jpg
1505–1506:
Madonna of the Goldfinch
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyTempera on panel
107 x 77
Raphael - Madonna in the Meadow - Google Art Project.jpg
1505–1506:
Madonna of the Meadow
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, AustriaOil on panel
113 x 88,5
Raphael-LaDonnaGravida(1505-1506).jpg
1505–1506:
La Donna Gravida
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
68,8 x 52,6
Raphael Madonna with Beardless St. Joseph.jpg
1505–1507:
Madonna with Beardless Saint Joseph
Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, RussiaTempera on canvas, transferred from panel
72,5 x 56,5
Agnolo Doni's portrait paintings by Raffaello Sanzio.jpg
1506:
Portrait of Agnolo Doni
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
63 x 45
Ritratto di maddalena strozzi.jpg
1506:
Portrait of Maddalena Doni
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
63 x 45
Lady with unicorn by Rafael Santi.jpg
1506:
Lady with a Unicorn
Galleria Borghese, Rome, ItalyOil on panel
65 x 51
Raphael The Holy Family with a Palm Tree.jpg
1506:
The Holy Family With a Palm Tree  [ Wikidata ]
Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh, United KingdomOil and gold on canvas transferred from panel
diameter 101,5
Raffaello Sanzio.jpg
c. 1506:
Self-portrait
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyTempera on panel
47,5 x 33
Raphael - Saint George and the Dragon - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1506:
Saint George and the Dragon
National Gallery of Art, Washington, United StatesOil on panel
28,5 x 21,5
Raphael Madonna of the Pinks.jpg
1506–1507:
The Madonna of the Pinks ('La Madonna dei Garofani')
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
27,9 x 22,4
Rafael - Sagrada Familia Canigiani.jpg
1507:
Canigiani Holy Family
Alte Pinakothek, Munich, GermanyOil on panel
131 x 107
Raffaello Sanzio - La Sagrada Familia con un cordero.jpg
1507:
The Holy Family with a Lamb  [ Wikidata ]
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
28 x 21,5
Rafael - La Madona de Bogota.jpg
1507:
La Madonna de Bogota (Madonna with the Child)
NY Bank Vault, New York, United States?
Raffaello, pala baglioni, deposizione.jpg
1507:
The Deposition
Galleria Borghese, Rome, ItalyOil on panel
184 x 176
Raffaello Sanzio - Theological Virtues - WGA18669.jpg
1507:
Faith, Hope and Charity [2]
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel
18 x 44 each
Raphael - La Madone de la maison d'Orleans - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1507:
Orléans Madonna
Musée Condé, Chantilly, FranceOil on panel
29 x 21
Raffael 020.jpg
c. 1507:
Saint Catherine of Alexandria
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
72,2 x 55,7
Raffaello Sanzio - Bridgewater Madonna - WGA18647.jpg
c. 1507:
Bridgewater Madonna
Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh, United KingdomOil and gold on canvas, transferred from panel
81 x 55
Raffael 043.jpg
c. 1507:
Portrait of a Young Woman (La Muta)
Galleria Nazionale delle Marche, Urbino, ItalyOil on panel
64 x 48
La-belle-jardiniere.jpg
1507–1508:
The Virgin and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist (La belle jardinière)
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on panel
122 x 80
Madonna del Baldacchino.jpg
1507–1508:
Madonna of the Baldacchino
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on canvas
279 x 217
Madonna Colonna by Rafael - Gemaldegalerie - Berlin - Germany 2017.jpg
1507–1508:
Colonna Madonna
Gemäldegalerie, Berlin, GermanyOil on panel
52 x 38
Tempi Madonna by Raffaello Sanzio - Alte Pinakothek - Munich - Germany 2017.jpg
1508:
Tempi Madonna
Alte Pinakothek, Munich, GermanyOil on panel
75 x 51
Grande madonna cowper.jpg
1508:
Niccolini-Cowper Madonna
National Gallery of Art, Washington, United StatesOil on panel
80,7 x 57,5
Raffaello Santi - Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John - Google Art Project.jpg
1508:
Esterhazy Madonna
Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest, HungaryTempera and oil on panel
28,5 × 21,5
The Aldobrandini Madonna.jpg
1509–1510:
Garvagh Madonna
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
38,9 x 32,9
Disputa 01.jpg
1509–1510:
La Disputa
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityFresco
500 x 770
"The School of Athens" by Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino.jpg
1509–1510:
The School of Athens
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityFresco
500 x 770
Raphael - La Madone de Lorette - Google Art Project.jpg
1509–1510:
Madonna of Loreto
Musée Condé, Chantilly, FranceOil on panel
120 x 90
Raphael - Mackintosh Madonna.JPG
1509–1511:
Mackintosh Madonna  [ Wikidata ]
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil (almost entirely repainted) on canvas, transferred from panel
78,8 x 64,2
Rafael - Alessandro Farnese.jpg
1509–1511:
Portrait of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese
Museo di Capodimonte, Naples, ItalyOil on panel
139 x 91
Raphael - The Alba Madonna - Google Art Project.jpg
c. 1510:
Alba Madonna
National Gallery of Art, Washington, United StatesOil on panel transferred to canvas
diameter 94,5
Portrait of a Cardinal, by Raffael, from Prado in Google Earth.jpg
1510–1511:
The Cardinal
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
79 x 61
Rafael - El Parnaso (Estancia del Sello, Roma, 1511).jpg
1511:
The Parnassus
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityFresco
? x 670
Virtu e due scene 02.jpg
1511:
The Cardinal Virtues
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityFresco
? x 660
Pope Julius II.jpg
1511:
Portrait of Pope Julius II
National Gallery, London, United KingdomOil on panel
108,7 x 81
Raffaello, profeta isaia.jpg
1511–1512:
The Prophet Isaiah
Basilica of Sant'Agostino, Rome, ItalyFresco
250 x 155
Cacciata di eliodoro dal tempio 01.jpg
1511–1512:
The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityFresco
? x 750
MadonnaDiFoligno.jpg
1511–1512:
Madonna of Foligno
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel transferred onto canvas
308 x 198
Raphael's Triumph of Galatea 02.jpg
1511–1513:
The Triumph of Galatea
Villa Farnesina, Rome, ItalyFresco
750 x 570
Portrait of Pope Julius II della Rovere (by Raffaello Sanzio) - Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence.jpg
c. 1512:
Portrait of Pope Julius II
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
108,5 x 80
Raphael - The Sistine Madonna - Google Art Project.jpg
1512–1513:
Sistine Madonna
Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden, GermanyOil on canvas
265 х 196
Raphael Madonna Leo X.jpg
1513: [3] Madonna of Leo X [3] [4] Private collection, Zurich, Switzerland [3] Oil on canvas

119 x 82,5 [3]

Workshop of Raphael - Madonna of the Candelabra - Walters 37484.jpg
c. 1513:
Madonna of the Candelabra
Walters Art Museum, Baltimore, United StatesOil on panel
65,7 х 64
Raffaello Sanzio - Sacra Famiglia con Rafael, Tobia e San Girolamo, o Vergine del pesce.jpg
1513–1514:
Madonna with the Fish
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
215 x 158
Raphael Madonna della seggiola.jpg
1513–1514:
Madonna della seggiola (Madonna and Child with the Infant Saint John the Baptist)
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
diameter 71
Madonna Impannata.jpg
1513–1514:
Madonna dell'Impannata
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
160 x 127
Raffaello, madonna della tenda 01.jpg
1514:
Madonna della tenda
Alte Pinakothek, Munich, GermanyOil on panel
65,8 x 51,2
Raphael The Sibyls.jpg
1514:
The Sibyls
Santa Maria della Pace, Rome, ItalyFresco
x 615
Baldassare Castiglione, by Raffaello Sanzio, from C2RMF retouched.jpg
1514–1515:
Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on canvas
82 x 67
Cecilia Raphael.jpg
1514–1515:
Ecstasy of Saint Cecilia Between Saints Paul, John Evangelist, Augustine and Mary Magdalene
Pinacoteca Nazionale di Bologna, ItalyOil on panel transferred to canvas
236 x 139
Raffaello Sanzio - Ritratto di Bindo Altoviti.jpg
c. 1515:
Portrait of Bindo Altoviti
National Gallery of Art, Washington, United StatesOil on panel
59,7 x 43,8
Christ Falling on the Way to Calvary - Raphael.jpg
1515–1516:
Christ Falls on the Way to Calvary
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
318 x 229
La donna velata v2.jpg
1515–1516:
Woman with a Veil (La donna velata)
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on canvas
82 x 60,5
Inghirami Raphael.jpg
1515–1516:
Portrait of Tommaso Inghirami
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
89,5 x 62,8
Rafael - Tommasso Inghirami, Boston.jpg
c. 1516:
Portrait of Tommaso Inghirami
Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum, Boston, United StatesOil on panel
89,7 x 62,2
Bernardo Dovizi.jpg
c. 1516:
Portrait of Cardinal Bibbiena
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on canvas
85 x 66,3
Palazzo-doria-pamphilj-raffaello-doppio-ritratto-big.jpg
c. 1516:
Portrait of Andrea Navagero and Agostino Beazzano
Doria Pamphilj Gallery, Rome, ItalyOil on canvas
77 x 111
Raphael - Madonna del Passeggio.jpg
c. 1516:
Madonna del Passeggio  [ Wikidata ]
Scottish National Gallery, Edinburgh, United KingdomOil and gold on panel
90 x 63,3
Visitacion de Rafael.jpg
c. 1517:
Visitation
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
200 x 145
Raffaello Santi - Madonna della Rosa (Prado).jpg
1518-1520:
Madonna of the Rose
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on canvas
103 x 84
The Holy Family - Rafael.jpg
1518:
Holy Family of Francis I
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on canvas transferred from panel
207 x 140
Raphael - Ezekiel's Vision.jpg
1518:
The Vision of Ezekiel
Palazzo Pitti, Florence, ItalyOil on panel
40,7 x 29,5
Le Grand Saint Michel, by Raffaello Sanzio, from C2RMF retouched.jpg
1518:
Saint Michael Vanquishing Satan
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on canvas transferred from panel
268 x 160
Raffaello Santi gen. Raffael, , Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Gemaldegalerie - Hl. Margarete - GG 171 - Kunsthistorisches Museum.jpg
c. 1518:
Saint Margaret and the Dragon
Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria'Oil on panel
192 x 122
Portrait of a young woman-Raffaello Santi mg 9971.jpg
c. 1518:
Portrait of a Young Woman
Musée des Beaux-Arts de Strasbourg, FranceOil on panel
60 x 40
Portrait of Lorenzo di Medici.jpg
c. 1518:
Portrait of Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino
Private collectionOil on canvas
97.2 × 79.4
Portrait of Pope Leo X and his cousins, cardinals Giulio de' Medici and Luigi de' Rossi (by Raphael).jpg
c. 1518:
Pope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio de' Medici and Luigi de' Rossi
Uffizi, Florence, ItalyTempera on panel
155,5 x 119,5
Rafael - La Perla.JPG
c. 1518:
The Pearl [5]
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
147,4 x 116
Raffaello, autoritratto con un amico 01.jpg
1518–1519:
Self-portrait with a Friend
Louvre, Paris, FranceOil on canvas
99 x 83
Raphael - Holy Family below the Oak.jpg
1518–1520:
Holy Family Under an Oak Tree
Museo del Prado, Madrid, SpainOil on panel
144 x 110
Fornarina.jpg
1520:
La fornarina
Palazzo Barberini, Rome, ItalyOil on panel
87 x 63
Transfiguration Raphael.jpg
1516–1520:
The Transfiguration
Vatican Museums, Vatican CityTempera on panel
410 x 279

See also

Footnotes

  1. Identified by Carlo Volpe in 1956. Cleanings of the portrait have removed the modeling, giving the portrait an overly youthful appearance. [1]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Becherucci 1969, pp. 41, 43.
  2. Rosenberg, A., (1906). Raffael, des Meisters Gemälde in 203 Abbildungen, p. 32
  3. 1 2 3 4 Scaletti, Fabio (2021). Raffaello 500. Bologna: Scripta Maneant. pp. 201–205. ISBN   978-8895847856.
  4. Raphael (1547), The Madonna of Leo X , retrieved 2024-05-01
  5. museodelprado 2021.

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The School of Athens is a fresco by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. It was painted between 1509 and 1511 as part of a commission by Pope Julius II to decorate the rooms now called the Stanze di Raffaello in the Apostolic Palace in Vatican City.

<i>La belle jardinière</i> Painting by Raphael

La Belle Jardinière, also known as the Madonna and Child with Saint John the Baptist, is a painting started by the Italian High Renaissance artist Raphael, and finished by Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio, that depicts the Madonna, a young Christ, and a young John the Baptist. It is believed to have been commissioned by the Sienese patrician Fabrizio Sergardi in approximately 1507. It is currently displayed in the Louvre Museum in Paris, France.

<i>The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple</i> Fresco by Raphael

The Expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple is a fresco of the Italian renaissance painter Raphael. It was painted between 1511 and 1512 as part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms that are now known as the Stanze di Raffaello, in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican. It is located in the room that takes its name from it, the Stanza di Eliodoro.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Art patronage of Julius II</span> Papal commissions in the Vatican (1503–13)

Pope Julius II, commissioned a series of highly influential art and architecture projects in the Vatican. The painting of the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo and of various rooms by Raphael in the Apostolic Palace are considered among the masterworks that mark the High Renaissance in Rome. His decision to rebuild St Peter's led to the construction of the present basilica.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Florentine painting</span> Naturalistic painting style developed in the 14th century Florence

Florentine painting or the Florentine School refers to artists in, from, or influenced by the naturalistic style developed in Florence in the 14th century, largely through the efforts of Giotto di Bondone, and in the 15th century the leading school of Western painting. Some of the best known painters of the earlier Florentine School are Fra Angelico, Botticelli, Filippo Lippi, the Ghirlandaio family, Masolino, and Masaccio.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Italian Renaissance painting</span> Art movement

Italian Renaissance painting is the painting of the period beginning in the late 13th century and flourishing from the early 15th to late 16th centuries, occurring in the Italian Peninsula, which was at that time divided into many political states, some independent but others controlled by external powers. The painters of Renaissance Italy, although often attached to particular courts and with loyalties to particular towns, nonetheless wandered the length and breadth of Italy, often occupying a diplomatic status and disseminating artistic and philosophical ideas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Themes in Italian Renaissance painting</span>

This article about the development of themes in Italian Renaissance painting is an extension to the article Italian Renaissance painting, for which it provides additional pictures with commentary. The works encompassed are from Giotto in the early 14th century to Michelangelo's Last Judgement of the 1530s.

<i>Portrait of a Cardinal</i> (Raphael) Painting by Raphael

Portrait of a Cardinal, or simply The Cardinal, is an oil on panel painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael, dated to c. 1510–1511. It is held by the Prado Museum in Madrid.

<i>Portrait of Pope Julius II</i> Painting by Raphael

Portrait of Pope Julius II is an oil painting of 1511–1512 by the Italian High Renaissance painter Raphael. The portrait of Pope Julius II was unusual for its time and would carry a long influence on papal portraiture. From early in its life, it was specially hung at the pillars of the church of Santa Maria del Popolo, on the main route from the north into Rome, on feast and high holy days. Giorgio Vasari, writing long after Julius' death, said that "it was so lifelike and true it frightened everyone who saw it, as if it were the living man himself".

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