List of shipwrecks of North America

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This is a list of shipwrecks located in or around North America, within the territorial waters of countries which for political purposes are considered a part of the North American continent, including Canada, the United States, Mexico, Central America, and the island nations of the Caribbean.

Contents

Bermuda

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Alert March 1877A fishing sloop that was wrecked on the northern reefs.
Apollo February 1890A schooner that was wrecked on the reefs en route to Nova Scotia.
Avenger February 1894A brigantine that was wrecked on Mills Breakers.
Beaumaris Castle 25 April 1873A cargo ship that ran aground on Mills Breakers and was abandoned after several unsuccessful salvage attempts.
Blanch King 2 December 1920A schooner that was wrecked on the southwest reefs.
Caesar 17 May 1818A brig that was wrecked on a reef en route from England to Baltimore.
Caraquet25 June 1923A mail steamship that was wrecked on the northern barrier reef.
HMS Cerberus Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 21 February 1783A fifth-rate warship that was lost at Castle Harbour.
Collector26 May 1823A schooner that was wrecked northeast of St. George's.
Colonel William G. Ball June 1943A luxury yacht that was wrecked on Mills Breakers in severe weather.
Constellation 30 July 1942A schooner that was wrecked on a reef with a cargo of drugs, cement, and whiskey, an incident which inspired the novel and film The Deep .
Cristobal Colon 25 October 1936An ocean liner that ran aground on a reef, becoming Bermuda's largest shipwreck.
Curlew 17 March 1856A barquentine that was wrecked on the northern reefs.
Darlington 22 February 1886A steamship that was wrecked on the Western Reef.
Eagle12 January 1659A merchantman that was wrecked on the northeast breakers.
Elda20 June 1956A yacht that was wrecked close to the Eagle.
"Frenchman wreck"c. 1750An unidentified ship, wrecked around 1750; found in 1983.
Hermes Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1984An American ship that was scuttled as a dive wreck one mile off shore.
L'Herminie 3 December 1838A frigate that was wrecked on a reef in rough weather.
Hunters Galley 11 January 1752A sloop that foundered in a series of storms and was wrecked on the rocks at Hogfish Cut.
Iristo Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 16 March 1937A Norwegian steamer also known as Aristo, that grounded after mistaking the Colon wreck for a ship still underway. She was recovered from the reef, but sank under tow the following day.
Kate Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 30 November 1878A British steamer that struck a reef and was run aground to prevent her from sinking.
HMS KatherineNaval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 4 April 1763A brigantine that was wrecked en route to Jamaica.
King Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1984An American tug that was scuttled as the first intentionally created dive site in Bermuda.
Lartington 14 December 1879A cargo ship that ran aground near Western Blue Cut, after just five years of operation.
Lord Amherst Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 16 February 1778A British armed transport and hospital ship that was wrecked on the western reefs.
Madiana 10 February 1903A passenger steamer, formerly the Balmoral Castle, that struck a reef near Hamilton Harbour.
"Manilla wreck"An unidentified ship, wrecked mid-18th century.
Mari Celeste Flag of the United States.svg  United States 13 September 1864An American Civil War blockade runner that struck a reef while being piloted by a Bermudian, and sank within eight minutes.
Mark Antonio Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 18 July 1777A Spanish privateer that was wrecked on the reefs, and discovered in the early 1960s.
Minnie Breslauer 1 January 1873A cargo ship that ran aground on the reefs, and although later recovered, sank en route to St. George's.
Montana Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 30 December 1863An American Civil War blockade runner that hit a reef off the north shore. 32°21.817′N64°54.812′W / 32.363617°N 64.913533°W / 32.363617; -64.913533 (Montana (ship))
Mussel Flag of Bermuda.svg  Bermuda 7 February 1926A Bermudian fishing ketch that was wrecked on the western reefs.
North Carolina 1 January 1880A barque that was wrecked south of Gibs Hill Lighthouse.
Pelinaion Flag of Greece.svg  Greece 22 December 1940A Greek steamer that was wrecked off David's Head.
Pollockshields1915A cargo ship, formerly the Herodot, that was wrecked near Elbow Beach.
Ramona Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg  Canada A Canadian yacht that was wrecked in 1967, refloated for salvaging, and re-sunk near the Royal Naval Dockyard.
Richard P. Buck 13 April 1889A cargo ship that caught fire and sank following a storm.
San Antonio Flag of Portugal (1830-1910).svg  Kingdom of Portugal 12 September 1621A Portuguese nao that was wrecked on the west reefs, and discovered in 1960.
San Pedro Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 1595–1596A 350-ton Spanish ship that was wrecked to the north of the main island, and discovered in 1951. Valuable treasures and artifacts have been raised, including a 32-ounce gold bar, two smaller gold bars, and an emerald-studded gold cross.
Sea Venture Flag of England.svg  England 25 July 1609An English ship that was deliberately grounded after taking damage in a storm, and subsequently broke up and sank.
Taunton Flag of Norway.svg  Norway 24 November 1920A Norwegian steamer that was wrecked on the northern reefs.
Virginia Merchant 26 March 1661A passenger and cargo ship that ran aground off Sonesta Beach.
HMS Vixen Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 1896A coastal defence ship that was scuttled as a blockship off Daniel's Head. 32°18′21.31″N64°53′7.88″W / 32.3059194°N 64.8855222°W / 32.3059194; -64.8855222 (HMS Vixen (1865))
Warwick Flag of England.svg  England November 1619An English cargo ship that was sunk in a gale in Castle Harbour.
WychwoodCivil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 14 August 1955An English steamer that ran aground off Gibs Hill Light. The ship was refloated but then abandoned at Five Fathom's Hole, and later blown up as a hazard to navigation.
Zovetto 13 February 1924A cargo ship, also known as Zovetta or Rita Zovetto, that ran aground off St. David's Light.

Canada

Cuba

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Almirante Oquendo Flag of Spain.svg  Spanish Navy 3 July 1898An Infanta Maria Teresa-class armored cruiser that was scuttled about 700 metres (2,300 ft) offshore in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba. 19°58′39″N76°8′40″W / 19.97750°N 76.14444°W / 19.97750; -76.14444 (Spanish cruiser Almirante Oquendo)
Cristóbal Colón Flag of Spain.svg  Spanish Navy 3 July 1898A Giuseppe Garibaldi-class armored cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba. 19°56′N76°45′W / 19.933°N 76.750°W / 19.933; -76.750 (Spanish cruiser Cristóbal Colón)
USS Merrimac Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 2 June 1898A steamship that was sunk by Spanish cruisers in the harbor at Santiago de Cuba. 19°58′37″N75°52′18″W / 19.97694°N 75.87167°W / 19.97694; -75.87167 (USS Merrimac (1894))
Vizcaya Flag of Spain.svg  Spanish Navy 3 July 1898An Infanta Maria Teresa-class armored cruiser that was sunk in the Battle of Santiago de Cuba. 19°58′N76°8′W / 19.967°N 76.133°W / 19.967; -76.133 (Spanish cruiser Vizcaya)

Dominican Republic

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Astron Flag of the Soviet Union.svg  Soviet Union 7 April 1978A freighter that ran aground and broke in two off the coast of Punta Cana. 18°43′49.79″N68°27′14.27″W / 18.7304972°N 68.4539639°W / 18.7304972; -68.4539639 (Astron (ship))
Atlantic Princess Originally a tourist mover that was to be sunk as an artificial reef off the coast of Bayahibe, but sunk accidentally right in front of Dreams resort.
Catuan December 2006Scuttled in the area of Juan Dolio at depths ranging from 24 to 60 feet (7.3 to 18.3 m). [1]
Conde de Tolosa Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 25 August 1724A Spanish galleon that ran aground during a hurricane in Samaná Bay.
DiomedesCivil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy A French ship lost in the fierce maritime Battle of Palenque, in the 17th century, in Palenque, Bani.
DolphinFlag of the United States Coast Guard.svg  United States Coast Guard A 64-foot-long (20 m) fishing boat, and sister ship of the Hickory. It lies in El Portillo, Las Terrenas, and has served as an underwater base for rescue operations.
HickoryFlag of the United States Coast Guard.svg  United States Coast Guard 1986A 140-foot-long (43 m) former US Coast Guard vessel, commanded by Captain Tracy Bowden for underwater exploration and rescue operations, the Hickory was sunk by Hurricane George while carrying 50 passengers. All survived. It is now a national park in La Caleta, Santo Domingo.
ImperialeCivil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy A French ship lost in the Battle of Palenque, in the 17th century, in Palenque, Bani.
RP-14 Limon An old tugboat 155 feet (47 m) long that rests in about 80 feet (24 m) of water very close to the Hickory in the same park. This ship was scuttled there for the same reason – to serve as a tourist attraction. The depth where this shipwreck lies varies from 27–60 feet (8.2–18.3 m). The three propellers of this tugboat are still clearly visible. [1]
LondonSunk in the 17th century in Samaná Bay.
Monte Cristi Pipe Wreck Thought to have been a merchant trader, probably sunk in the latter part of the 17th century. Named for the large number of clay smoking pipes it carried as cargo.
Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 24 August 1724A Spanish galleon sunk by a hurricane in Samaná Bay.
Nuestra Señora de la Limpia y Pura Concepción, known as La ConcepciónFlag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 1641This Spanish treasure ship built in 1620 was reportedly overloaded with silver bullion for its return journey to Spain as part of the 1641 treasure fleet. The fleet sailed from Havana on 20 September 1641 but was heavily hit by a hurricane nine days later. Concepción got separated from the main fleet and tried to make for Puerto Rico, but on October 31 foundered and sank on a sand bank north of Hispaniola, which is now called Silver Bank after this shipwreck.

First found by William Phips in 1687, his operation managed to salvage 34 tons of silver and other treasure. [lower-alpha 1] Back in England the expedition's revenue was assessed as £205,536. [lower-alpha 2]

In the 20th century it was the object of several known treasure hunting expeditions: A. Korganoff in 1952, Edwin Link in 1955, Falcon-Barker in 1962 [4] and Cousteau in 1968, until finally being re-discovered by Burt Webber in 1978. More than 95,000 silver coins, Ming Dynasty ceramics, gold chains, and many other artifacts were salvaged at that time. [5] [6] [7] [8] [2]

Quedagh Merchant An Indian merchant vessel captured on 30 January 1696 by William Kidd, who renamed it the Adventure Prize. Shortly before he was arrested for piracy, Kidd entrusted the ship to hired merchants, who sold off most of the goods, set fire to the ship, and absconded to Holland. The wreck was discovered in 2007 off the coast of Catalina Island.
Scipion Civil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy October 1782 A French ship that took part in the blockade against Cornwallis and thus was instrumental in the American Revolutionary War; sunk in a battle against the British fleet. Found and positively identified by Tracy Bowden. Recovered October 2009 by Deep Blue Marine Inc.
St. George1999Sunk as an artificial reef near La Romana.

Greenland

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Coburg War ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg  Kriegsmarine 3 June 1944A weather ship that was scuttled at Cape Sussi, Shannon Island.
Hans Hedtoft Flag of Denmark.svg  Denmark 30 January 1959A liner that struck an iceberg and sank on her maiden voyage off the coast of Western Greenland
Hermann War ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg  Kriegsmarine 17 June 1943A weather ship that was scuttled in Hansa Bay.
Kehdingen War ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg  Kriegsmarine 1 September 1944A weather ship that was scuttled off Store Koldewey to prevent capture. 76°30′N19°02′W / 76.500°N 19.033°W / 76.500; -19.033 (German weather ship WBS 6 Kehdingen)

Guatemala

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Springfjord Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 27 June 1954A cargo ship that was bombed and sunk off Puerto San José by the CIA, who were engineering a coup d'état in Guatemala. 13°55′59″N90°49′01″W / 13.933°N 90.817°W / 13.933; -90.817 (SS Springfjord)

Haiti

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Bluenose Canadian Red Ensign (1868-1921).svg  Canada 28 January 1946A celebrated Canadian racing schooner that foundered on a reef off Île à Vache.
Crête-à-Pierrot Flag of Haiti.svg  Haitian National Police 6 September 1902A cruiser that was scuttled to prevent capture while harboured at Gonaïves.
Mary Celeste Flag of the United States.svg  United States 3 January 1885A brigantine found in 1872 in the Atlantic Ocean, unmanned and under full sail, heading towards the Strait of Gibraltar. It was later deliberately run aground and burned in an insurance fraud attempt, off the western coast of Port-au-Prince.

Lesser Antilles

Aruba

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Antilla Flag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Germany 10 May 1940A supply ship that was scuttled to prevent capture off Aruba. 12°36′06″N70°03′29″W / 12.60175°N 070.05815°W / 12.60175; -070.05815 (MS Antilla (1939))
Pedernales Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 16 February 1942A lake tanker that was torpedoed by the German submarine U-156, and later towed into a dry dock and cut in three. The fore and aft sections were joined together, and the middle section was sunk as a target. 12°34′44″N70°03′30″W / 12.57889°N 070.05833°W / 12.57889; -070.05833 (SS Pedernales)

Bonaire

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Hilma Hooker Flag of Colombia.svg  Colombia 12 September 1984A drug-smuggling ship that was seized by the authorities at Bonaire, then took on water and sank at harbour. 12°06′14″N68°17′22″W / 12.1039°N 68.2895°W / 12.1039; -68.2895 (Hilma Hooker)

British Virgin Islands

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
HMS Astraea Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 23 May 1808A British frigate wrecked on Anegada's Horseshoe Reef.
HMS Nymph Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 18 June 1783A British sloop that caught fire, foundered, and sank in Road Town's harbour.
RMS Rhone Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 29 October 1867A British packet ship wrecked during a hurricane off the coast of Salt Island. 18°22′07″N64°32′08″W / 18.3687°N 64.5356°W / 18.3687; -64.5356 (RMS Rhone)

Grenada

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Bianca C. Flag of France.svg  France 24 October 1961A passenger ship that was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine in 1944, before construction on the ship was completed. It sank for the second time near St. George's, following an explosion. 12°03′11″N61°45′32″W / 12.053°N 61.759°W / 12.053; -61.759 (Bianca C (ship))

Martinique

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Cygne Civil and Naval Ensign of France.svg  French Navy 13 December 1808An Abeille-class brig that ran aground off Martinique and was scuttled to prevent capture.

Saint Kitts and Nevis

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Christena Flag of Saint Kitts and Nevis.svg  St. Kitts and Nevis 1 August 1970A ferry boat that sank off St. Kitts.

Saint Lucia

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Angeln Flag of Antigua and Barbuda.svg  Antigua and Barbuda 21 February 2010A container ship that capsized off Saint Lucia.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Antilles Flag of France.svg  France 8 January 1971An ocean liner that ran aground on a reef near the island of Mustique.

Trinidad and Tobago

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Gulfstream UnknownFebruary 2024Oil tanker capsized. [9]
Mahiri Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  United Kingdom 19 February 1974An Empire F type coaster that sprung a leak and sank under tow off Port of Spain. 10°37′N61°34′W / 10.617°N 61.567°W / 10.617; -61.567 (MV Mahiri)

Mexico

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
USS Alabaster Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 1982A patrol boat that caught fire off Puerto Vallarta.
USS Belet Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 16 January 1972A Crosley-class high speed transport that ran aground on Bahia Peninsula.
Challenger Flag of Peru.svg  Peru October 1875An extreme clipper that was wrecked in a gale and drifted ashore at Manzanillo.
USS H-1 Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg  United States Navy 12 March 1920A H-class submarine that ran aground off Isla Santa Margarita.
USS Jubilant Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy August 2001An Admirable-class minesweeper that was sunk as an artificial reef off Veracruz.
HMCS Kootenay Naval ensign of Canada.svg  Royal Canadian Navy 2001A Restigouche-class destroyer that was sunk as an artificial reef.
HMS Monkey Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 13 May 1831A schooner that wrecked while being towed across the bar at Tampico.
USS Palomas Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 25 May 1969A schooner that ran aground on Sacramento Reef, 4.5 miles (7.2 km) off the coast of Baja California.
HMCS Restigouche Naval ensign of Canada.svg  Royal Canadian Navy 2001A Restigouche-class destroyer that was sunk as an artificial reef off Acapulco.
USS Scuffle Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 1999An Admirable-class minesweeper that was sunk off Cozumel.
USS Somers Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 8 December 1846A brig that capsized off Veracruz.

Panama

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Cheribon Flag of Chile.svg  Chile 11 April 1902A cargo ship that was wrecked on a reef near Remedios District.
Nuestra Señora de Encarnación Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 1681A merchant vessel that sank in a storm at the mouth of the Chagres River. The wreck was rediscovered in 2011.
Sub Marine Explorer Flag of the United States.svg  United States A submersible that was used for harvesting oysters and pearls in the Pearl Islands, until it was abandoned in 1869. 8°16′54″N78°50′45″W / 8.28158°N 78.8459°W / 8.28158; -78.8459 (Sub Marine Explorer)

Puerto Rico

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
Antonio López Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain 1898A transoceanic steamer belonging to the Compañía Transatlántica Española. 18°28′48″N66°13′50″W / 18.48000°N 66.23056°W / 18.48000; -66.23056 (Antonio López)

The Bahamas

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
USS Adirondack Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 23 August 1862A sloop-of-war that struck a reef off Man-O-War Cay.
HMS Algerine Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 20 May 1813A Pigmy-class schooner that was wrecked on the Little Bahama Bank.
USS Chippewa Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 12 December 1816A brig that ran aground on a reef.
HMS Conqueror Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 13 December 1861A Conqueror-class ship of the line that was wrecked on Rum Cay.
USS Courier Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 14 June 1864A storeship and gunboat that ran aground in the Abaco Islands.
El Faro Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1 October 2015A cargo ship that was sunk by Hurricane Joaquin near Crooked Island.
Logna Civil Ensign of the Bahamas.svg  Bahamas 16 October 1982A cargo ship that was scuttled as a dive site and artificial reef about two miles offshore of Xanadu Beach Resort & Marina, Grand Bahama; known as "Theo's Wreck".
HMS Nimble Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg  Royal Navy 4 November 1834A schooner employed in anti-slave trade patrol until it struck a reef in the Old Bahama Channel.
USS San Jacinto Flag of the United States.svg  United States Navy 1 January 1865A steam frigate that struck a reef near Great Abaco Island.
Sapona Flag of the United States.svg  United States 1926A cargo steamer run aground near Bimini during a hurricane. 25°39.040′N79°17.593′W / 25.650667°N 79.293217°W / 25.650667; -79.293217 (SS Sapona)

Turks and Caicos Islands

ShipFlagSunk dateNotesCoordinates
2009 Turks and Caicos Islands migrant shipwreck Flag of Haiti (civil).svg  Haiti 26 July 2009A wooden boat carrying migrants from Haiti that capsized near West Caicos.
General Pershing Flag of the United States.svg  United States 11 July 1921A schooner that was wrecked on Endymion Rock.
Molasses Reef Wreck UnknownUnknownEarly 16th-century Spanish shipwreck, the earliest European shipwreck in the Americas to be scientifically excavated.
Trouvadore Flag of Spain (1785-1873, 1875-1931).svg  Spain March 1841A Spanish slave ship that was wrecked off East Caicos. The crew were arrested upon reaching land, and the 168 Africans took up residence at Grand Turk Island.

United States

Notes

  1. Marx gives a monetary amount of more than 2 million pesos, noting that Concepción's official manifest listed less than half of that amount. [2]
  2. For comparison: During the Stop of the Exchequer in 1672, both the crown's debt as well as its annual revenue were estimated at £1.2 million. [3]

Citations

  1. 1 2 Lubos Kordac (2009). Historic shipwrecks of the Dominican Republic and Haiti. ISBN   978-1-61623-639-7 . Retrieved 29 November 2009.
  2. 1 2 Marx, Robert F. (1985) [1979]. Spanish treasure in Florida waters: A billion dollar graveyard (Shipwrecks in Florida waters ed.). Boston, MA: Mariners Press. p. 146. ISBN   0-913352-06-3. OCLC   5172392.
  3. Horsefield, J. Keith (November 1982). "The Stop of the Exchequer Revisited". The Economic History Review . 35 (4): 511–528. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1982.tb01213.x.
  4. Falcon-Barker, Ted (1969). Devil's Gold. Nautical Publishing Company. OCLC   760325396.
  5. "In search of the Spanish galleon gold". Global Intergold. 2015. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  6. Nautical Archaeology Program (2005). "Nautical Archaeology of the Americas / Class 12 – Spanish shipwrecks". Texas A&M University . Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  7. Earle, Peter (December 1980). "The treasure of the Concepcion". American Heritage . 32 (1).
  8. "The treasure of the Nuestra Senora de la Concepcion". detecting.org.uk. 2005. Retrieved 13 June 2021.
  9. Staff (2024-02-15). "Tobago oil spill spreads to Grenada waters and could affect Venezuela". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2024-02-28.

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References

Further reading