 | This article needs additional citations for verification .(January 2017) |
This is a list of wars involving the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (modern-day Ethiopia) and its predecessor states.
| | This article needs additional citations for verification .(January 2017) |
This is a list of wars involving the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (modern-day Ethiopia) and its predecessor states.
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Conquests of Amda Seyon I (1316–1332) |  Ethiopia | Victories
| |
| Reconquests of Sabr Ad Din (1415-1430) | Ethiopia |  Adal Sultanate | Defeat
|
| Badley ad-Din II's Invasion of Ethiopia (1445) | Ethiopia | Adal Sultanate | Victory |
| Abyssinian–Adal War (1529–1543) | Stalemate | ||
| Iyasu II's Invasion of Sennar (1738) | Ethiopia |  Sennar Sultanate | Defeat
|
| Zemene Mesafint (1769–1855) | Various factions | Various factions | Reunification of Ethiopia
|
| Ottoman–Ethiopian border conflicts (1832–1848) | Ethiopia |  Egypt | Victory
|
| British Expedition to Abyssinia (1867–1868) | Ethiopia |  United Kingdom | Defeat
|
| Ethiopian–Egyptian War (1874–1876) | Ethiopia | Egypt | Victory
|
| Mahdist War (1881–1889) |  Mahdist state | Victory
| |
| Italo-Ethiopian War of 1887–1889 | Ethiopia |  Italy | Defeat [5]
|
| Menelik's Expansions (Late 19th century) | Victories
| ||
| First Italo-Ethiopian War (1896) |  Ethiopia | Italy | Victory
|
| Dervish War (1900–1920) |  Dervish State | Ethiopian allied victory
| |
| Second Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–1937) | Ethiopia | Italy | Defeat
|
| East African Campaign (1940–1941) | Italy | Ethiopian allied victory
| |
| Woyane rebellion (1943) | Ethiopia
| Tigrayan rebels | Victory
|
| Korean War (1950–1953) |  South Korea | Stalemate | |
| Congo Crisis (1960–1964) |  Congo-Léopoldville | Victory
| |
| Bale Revolt (1963–1970) | Ethiopia | Victory
| |
| 1964 Ethiopian–Somali War (1964) | Ethiopia | Stalemate |
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eritrean War of Independence (1961–1991) |  Ethiopia and allies |  ELF | Defeat
|
| Ethio-Somali War (1977–1978) | Ethiopia and allies | Victory
| |
| 1982 Ethiopian-Somali Border War (1982) | Ethiopia and allies |  Somalia
| Stalemate
|
| Ethiopian Civil War (1974–1991) |  PDRE | Regime change |
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| Insurgency in Ogaden (1995–2008) |  Ethiopia |  ONLF | Victory
|
| Eritrean–Ethiopian War (1998–2000) | Ethiopia |  Eritrea | Victory |
| Ethiopian occupation of Somalia (2006–2009) | Victory
| ||
| Oromia–Somali clashes (2016–present) |  Ethiopia | Ongoing | |
| OLA insurgency (2018–present) | Ethiopia |  OLA | Ongoing |
| Benishangul-Gumuz conflict (2019–2022) |
| Ongoing
| |
| Tigray War (2020–2022) |
| Victory
| |
| 2020–21 Ethiopian–Sudanese clashes (2020–present) | Ethiopia
|  Sudan | Ongoing
|
| War in Amhara (2023–present) | Ethiopia |  Fano | Ongoing |
The conclusion of the war is coded as a compromise
The Ethiopian National Defense Force (ENDF) is the combined military force of Ethiopia. ENDF force is consisted of 10 command forces which is controlled by the Chief of General Staff.
Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. The country is located in the Horn of Africa and is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, and the Indian Ocean to the east. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa's mainland. Somalia has an estimated population of 18.1 million, of which 2.7 million live in the capital and largest city, Mogadishu. Around 85% of its residents are ethnic Somalis and the official languages of the country are Somali and Arabic, though the former is the primary language. Somalia has historic and religious ties to the Arab world. As such the people in Somalia are Muslims, the majority of them Sunni.
Somaliland, officially the Republic of Somaliland, is an unrecognised country in the Horn of Africa. It is located in the southern coast of the Gulf of Aden and bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Ethiopia to the south and west, and Somalia to the east. Its claimed territory has an area of 176,120 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi), with approximately 6.2 million people as of 2024. The capital and largest city is Hargeisa.
The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa. Located on the easternmost part of the African mainland, it is the fourth largest peninsula in the world. It is composed of Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and Eritrea. Although not common, broader definitions include parts or all of Kenya and Sudan. It has been described as a region of geopolitical and strategic importance, since it is situated along the southern boundary of the Red Sea; extending hundreds of kilometres into the Gulf of Aden, Guardafui Channel, and Indian Ocean, it also shares a maritime border with the Arabian Peninsula.
The Somali Region, also known as Soomaali Galbeed and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. Its territory is the largest after Oromia Region. The regional state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia and the chartered city Dire Dawa to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somalia to the northeast, east and south; and Kenya to the southwest.
Ogaden is one of the historical names used for the modern Somali Region. It is also natively referred to as Soomaali Galbeed. The region forms the eastern portion of Ethiopia and borders Somalia. It also includes another region to the north known as Haud.
The Ogaden War, also known as the Ethio-Somali War, was a military conflict fought between Somalia and Ethiopia from July 1977 to March 1978 over the sovereignty of Ogaden. Somalia's invasion of the region, precursor to the wider war, met with the Soviet Union's disapproval, leading the superpower to end its support for Somalia and to fully support Ethiopia instead.
The Somali Civil War is an ongoing civil war that is taking place in Somalia. It grew out of resistance to the military junta which was led by Siad Barre during the 1980s. From 1988 to 1990, the Somali Armed Forces began engaging in combat against various armed rebel groups, including the Somali Salvation Democratic Front in the northeast, the Somali National Movement in the northwest, and the United Somali Congress in the south. The clan-based armed opposition groups overthrew the Barre government in 1991.
The Dir is one of the largest and most prominent Somali clans in the Horn of Africa. They are also considered to be the oldest Somali stock to have inhabited the region. Its members inhabit Djibouti, Somalia, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya.
The Ethiopian invasion of Somalia, also known as the Ethiopian occupation of Somalia or the Ethiopian intervention in the Somali Civil War, was an armed conflict that lasted from late 2006 to early 2009. It began when military forces from Ethiopia, supported by the United States, invaded Somalia to depose the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) and install the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). The conflict continued after the invasion when an anti-Ethiopian insurgency emerged and rapidly escalated. During 2007 and 2008, the insurgency recaptured the majority of territory lost by the ICU.
The Ethiopian–Somali conflict is a territorial and political dispute between Ethiopia, Somalia, and insurgents in the area.
The Somali Rebellion was the start of the Somali Civil War that began in the 1970s and resulted in the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic in 1991. The rebellion effectively began in 1978 following a failed coup d’état and President Siad Barre began using his special forces, the "Red Berets", to attack clan-based dissident groups opposed to his regime. Backed by Ethiopia, the two earliest rebel factions, the Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF) and the Somali National Movement (SNM) began attacks during the against government forces during the early 1980s.
The Ethiopian–Adal War or Abyssinian–Adal War, also known in Arabic as Futūḥ Al-Ḥabaša, was a military conflict between the Christian Ethiopian Empire and the Muslim Adal Sultanate from 1529 to 1543. The Christian Ethiopian troops consisted of the Amhara, Tigrayans, Tigrinya and Agaw people, and at the closing of the war, supported by the Portuguese Empire with no less than four hundred musketeers. The Adal forces were composed of Harla, Somali, Afar, as well as Arab and Turkish gunmen. Both sides would see the Maya mercenaries at times join their ranks.
The 1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War occurred from June to August 1982 when Ethiopia, sending a 10,000-man invasion force backed by warplanes and armored units, supported by thousands of Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF) rebels, invaded central Somalia.
Djibouti, officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden to the east. The country has an area of 23,200 km2 (8,958 sq mi).
The Harari people are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group which inhabits the Horn of Africa. Members of this ethnic group traditionally reside in the walled city of Harar, simply called Gēy "the City" in Harari, situated in the Harari Region of eastern Ethiopia. They speak the Harari language, a member of the South Ethiopic grouping within the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic languages.
The Harla, also known as Harala, Haralla are an ethnic group that once inhabited Ethiopia, Somalia, and Djibouti. They spoke the now-extinct Harla language, which belonged to either the Cushitic or Semitic branches of the Afroasiatic family.
The Eritrean–Ethiopian border conflict was a violent standoff and a proxy conflict between Eritrea and Ethiopia lasting from 1998 to 2018. It consisted of a series of incidents along the then-disputed border; including the Eritrean–Ethiopian War of 1998–2000 and the subsequent Second Afar insurgency. It included multiple clashes with numerous casualties, including the Battle of Tsorona in 2016. Ethiopia stated in 2018 that it would cede Badme to Eritrea. This led to the Eritrea–Ethiopia summit on 9 July 2018, where an agreement was signed which demarcated the border and agreed a resumption of diplomatic relations.
The 1964 Ethiopian–Somali Border War, also known as the First Ogaden War marked the first military conflict between the newly established Somali Republic and the Ethiopian Empire, lasting from February to April 1964. The border conflict was preceded by a rebellion in the Ogaden region during mid-1963 that was waged by Somalis seeking self-determination from imperial rule. Large scale Ethiopian counterinsurgency operations and increasingly harsh military crackdowns on the population of the Ogaden carried out by Emperor Haile Selassie's government resulted in a rapid decline in Ethio-Somali relations, leading to direct confrontation between both governments' armed forces.
