List of wars involving Libya

This is a list of wars involving the State of Libya and its predecessor states.

Ottoman Tripolitania (1551-1911)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Cretan War (1645-1669)	Ottoman Empire Ottoman Tripolitania Ottoman Tunis Regency of Algiers [1]	Republic of Venice Knights of Malta Papal States   France Greek revolutionaries Maniots	Ottoman Victory Crete conquered by the Ottoman Empire Venetian gains in Dalmatia
French-Tripolitania War (1681-1685)	Tripolitania Tunis	France	French victory
Maghrebi war (1699–1702)	Beylik of Tunis Sultanate of Morocco Regency of Tripoli	Regency of Algiers	Algerian victory [2] Moroccan and Tunisian forces routed [2] Very minor, or no changes
Siege of Tripoli (1705)	Ottoman Tripolitania	Ottoman Tunisia	Tripolitanian victory
Tripolitanian civil war (1790–1795)	1790–1793 Yusuf Karamanli 1793–1795 Ottoman Tripolitania	1790–1793 Ali ibn Mehmed Hamet Karamanli 1793–1795 Karamanli Tripolitania Beylik of Tunis 1794–1795	Karamanli victory
Action of 16 May 1797	Tripolitania	Denmark–Norway	Victory
First Barbary War (1801–1805)	Ottoman Tripolitania [3] [4] Morocco (1802)	United States Sweden [5]   Sicily [6] [7]	Peace treaty The United States paying ransom Tripolitania ships allowed to inspect American ships Freeing prisoners of American ships
Battle of Tripoli (1825)	Tripolitania	Sardinia	Sardinian victory: Sardinia Destroyed two tripolitanian ships Tripolitanian soldiers routed Peace treaty concluded [8]
Bombardment of Tripoli (1828)	Ottoman Tripolitania	Kingdom of the Two Sicilies	Tripolitanian victory
Italo-Turkish War (1911-1912)	Ottoman Empire Senussi Order	Italy	Italian victory Italy gains Tripolitania, Cyrenaica and the Dodecanese Islands
Italian invasion of Libya (1911)	Ottoman Empire Senussi Order	Kingdom of Italy	Italian victory Italian annexation of Libya

Colonial period (1911-1951)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
First Italo-Senussi War (1911–1917)	Senussi	Italy United Kingdom	Defeat Libyan resistance put down
Second Italo-Senussi War (1923–1932)	Senussi Order Tripolitanian rebels Fezzan rebels	Italy	Italian victory Stabilization of Italian rule in Libya
North African Campaign (1940–1943)	Allies British Empire   United Kingdom   India Australia [9]   New Zealand Transjordan   Newfoundland [10] Libyan Arab Force United States [nb 1] Free France Algeria [nb 1] Tunisia [nb 1] Morocco [nb 1] Australia [11]   South Africa   Poland   Greece   Czechoslovakia	Axis   Italy   Libya   Germany Vichy France [nb 2] Algeria [nb 2] Tunisia [nb 2] Morocco [nb 2]	Allied victory Italian Libya placed under British and French military administration

Libyan Kingdom (1951-1969)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Battle of Essien (1957)	Libya FLN	France	Libyan-Algerian victory French forces withdraw from the region

Libyan Arab Republic (1969-1977)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
1969 Libyan revolution	Free Officers Movement	Kingdom of Libya Cyrenaican Defence Force (CYDEF)	Free Officers victory Overthrow and abolition of the Monarchy Establishment of Libyan Arab Republic Start of Muammar Gaddafi's rule
First Sudanese Civil War (1955-1972)	Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1955–1956) Republic of the Sudan (1956–1969) Democratic Republic of the Sudan (1969–1972) Combat support: Uganda (Joint operations on Ugandan territory, 1965–1969) [12] Libyan Arab Republic (From 1969 and combat involvement at least in 1970) [13] Non-combat support: United Arab Republic [13] [14] Soviet Union [15] [14] United Kingdom [14] [16] China [14] [16] Yugoslavia [14] [16] East Germany [14] [16] Czechoslovakia [16] Saudi Arabia [16] Kingdom of Libya (until 1969) [16] Algeria [16] United States [17] West Germany [17]	SDF mutineers, bandits, and unaffiliated separatist militias ALF (1965–1970) Anyanya (from 1963) [18] Israel (from 1969) [19] [20] [21] Supported by: Ethiopia [22] [23] Uganda (from about 1970) [22] [20] Congo-Léopoldville [24] Kenya [22] France [25]	Stalemate [26] Addis Ababa Agreement
Invasion of Uganda (1972) [27]	Uganda   Libya Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)	Ugandan rebels People's Army UPC supporters Tanzania	Ugandan government victory Invasion by Obote loyalists repelled
Lebanese Civil War (1976)	ADF Syrian Arab Republic Saudi Arabia Sudan United Arab Emirates Libya South Yemen	LF	Withdrawal Libyan forces essentially abandoned [28] Eventual termination of ADF mandate

Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (1977-2011)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
Egyptian–Libyan War (1977)	Libya	Egypt	Ceasefire
Uganda–Tanzania War (1978–1979)	Uganda   Libya   Palestine Liberation Organization Supported by: Pakistan Saudi Arabia	Tanzania   Uganda National Liberation Front Kikosi Maalum Front for National Salvation Save Uganda Movement Others   Mozambique Supported by: Zambia   Angola   Ethiopia Algeria	Tanzanian victory Collapse of the Second Republic of Uganda
Chadian–Libyan conflict (1978–1987)	Libya Islamic Legion [29] Pro-Libyan Chadian factions FROLINAT GUNT (1979–1986) Codos (1983–1986) FAP (1978–1986) Pro-Libyan Palestinian and Lebanese groups [30] PLO (1987) [31] [32] Abu Nidal Organization [30] Supported by: Algeria [33] East Germany Soviet Union	Anti-Libyan Chadian factions FAT (1978–1979) FAN (1978–1983) FANT (1983–1987) GUNT (1986–1987) France Inter-African Force Zaire Nigeria Senegal NFSL Supported by: DR Sudan (1978–1985) [29] Sudan (1985–1987) [29] Egypt (1977-1981) [29] Israel [34] Iraq [35] Algeria (pre-reapproachment) [36] United States [37]	Defeat Chad regains control of the Aouzou Strip.
United States bombing of Libya (1986)	Libya	United States	Both sides claimed victory [38] Ground targets destroyed [39] Failed assassination attempt against Gaddafi [40] Failed Libyan Scud missile response Libya renamed from Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya to Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Second Sudanese Civil War (1986–1988)	Sudan Armed Forces PDF Army of Peace Muraheleen Ex-FAR and Interahamwe [41] SSDF SPLA dissidents SPLA-Nasir SPLA-United [42] SSIM/A Nuer White Army Ugandan insurgents: LRA [43] WNBF [44] UNRF (II) [44] Iraq [a] China [b] Combat aid: Libya (1986–1991) [48] [49] Non-combat aid: Iran [50]	SPLA SPLA-Mainstream [42] SPLA-Agar SPDF ALF Titweng [51] SSLM NDA Sudanese Alliance Forces [52] Anyanya II Eastern Coalition Derg (until 1987) [53] PDR Ethiopia (1987–1988) [53] Non-combat aid: Libya (1983–1985) [54] [55] Israel [56] Cuba (until 1991) [57]	Stalemate Libyan withdrawal in 1988 2011 referendum and independence of the Republic of South Sudan
2008 Kufra conflict (2008)	Libya	Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya	Victory

State of Libya (2011-present)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Results
First Libyan Civil War (2011)	Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	Anti-Gaddafi forces Qatar NATO Belgium Bulgaria Canada Denmark France Greece Italy Netherlands Norway [58] Poland (only humanitarian and medical aid) [59] Romania Spain Turkey United Kingdom United States Other countries Jordan [60] Qatar Sweden United Arab Emirates [61] Minor border clashes: Tunisia Tunisian Army Tunisian Police Supported by:   Egypt [62] [63]	Libyan opposition/NATO victory Complete overthrow and collapse of the Gaddafi regime. Killing of Muammar Gaddafi and end of his rule over Libya on 20 October 2011 Start and continuation of the Libyan Crisis Assumption of interim control by National Transitional Council; remained in power until August 8, 2012 UN authorisation of NATO led military intervention Diplomatic recognition of NTC as sole governing authority for Libya by 105 countries, UN, EU, AL and AU Factional violence in the aftermath of the war leading to another civil war in 2014 [64]
Second Libyan Civil War (2014–2020)	House of Representatives (Tobruk-based) [65] [66] Libyan National Army [67] [68]   Libyan Air Force (LNA–aligned)   Libyan Navy (LNA–aligned) Others: Zintan brigades [69] JEM [70] (from 2016) SLM/A-Minnawi [71] [72] Gaddafi loyalists [73] Popular Front for the Liberation of Libya Warshefana militias [69] [74] [75] Wagner Group (from 2018) [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] Egypt [81] [82] [83] United Arab Emirates [81] [84] [85] [86] RSF [87] (from 2019) Ba'athist Syria (2020) [88] [89] [90] Hezbollah (allegedly) [91] [92] Israel (allegedly, denied by LNA) [93] [94] [95] [96] [97] Iran [98] Support: Russia [99] [100] France [101] [102] [103] [104] Saudi Arabia [105] Chad [106] Jordan [107] [108] [75] Belarus [109] [110] Greece [111] [112] Cyprus [113] United States [114] [115] United Kingdom [116]	Government of National Accord (Tripoli-based) (from 2016)   Libyan Ground Forces   Libyan Air Force (GNA–aligned)   Libyan Navy [117] (GNA–aligned) Others: Presidential Guard [118] Misrata Brigades [119] Sabratha Revolutionary Brigades [120] Petroleum Facilities Guard [121] Tripoli Protection Force (from 2018) Misratan Third Force [122] Tuareg militias of Ghat [123] Toubou Front for the Salvation of Libya [123] Chadian rebels (FACT, [124] CCMSR, [124] URF [125] and UFDD [125] ) Turkey (2020) [126] [127] [128] Syrian National Army (from 2019) [129] Popular Resistance Committees [130] [131] Hamas (LNA claim, denied by Hamas) [132] Support: Qatar [133] Sudan [134] (until 2019) Pakistan [135] [136] Iran [137] Morocco [138] Malta [139] Italy [140] [141] European Union [142] (except Greece, Cyprus and France) United Kingdom [143] United States (until 2019) [144] [145] Ukraine [146] Algeria [147] United Nations National Salvation Government (2014–2017) [148] [149] Libya Shield Force [150] LROR [150] Libyan National Guard [151] [152] [153] Support: Sudan (2014–16) [154] [134] Turkey (2014–16) [155] [156] Qatar (2014–16) [155] [133] Iran [157] (allegedly) Ukraine [146] Islamic State (from 2014) [158] Wilayat Barqa [159] [160] Wilayat Tarabulus [161] Wilayat Fezzan [161] Support: AQIM (2014–2015; [162] [163] alleged in 2016 [164] ) al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (2014–2017) [165] Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries (2014–2017) [166] [167] SCBR militia: Ansar al-Sharia (2014–2017) [168] Libya Shield 1 (2014–16) Rafallah al-Sahati Brigade Others: Benghazi Defense Brigades [169] [170] Ajdabiya Revolutionaries Shura Council (2015–16) [171] Derna Protection Force	Ceasefire Permanent ceasefire ratified on 23 October 2020 LNA failed to conquer Tripoli Government of National Unity formed on 10 March 2021 [172] Continued Libyan Crisis

See also

• Libyan resistance movement

References

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Notes

1. Iraqi support for Sudan during the war mostly consisted of weapons shipments; ^[45] according to the South Sudanese, however, at least one unit of Iraqi paratroopers fought alongside the SAF near Juba. About 200 Iraqi soldiers were allegedly killed, and the site of their remains became known as "Jebel Iraqi". ^[46] The International Institute for Strategic Studies also stated that Iraqi forces fought alongside Sudanese government troops. ^[47]
2. Although China was not officially involved in the war, it sent troops to the country in order to protect oil fields and thereby aid the Sudanese military. China also provided Sudan with weaponry. ^[47]

Footnotes

1. November 1942 to May 1943.
2. 8–11 November 1942. Vichy officially pursued a policy of armed neutrality and conducted military actions against armed incursions from Axis and Allied belligerents. The pledging of allegiance of the Vichy troops in French North Africa to the Allies convinced the Axis that Vichy could not be trusted to continue this policy, so they invaded and occupied the French rump state ( Case Anton )

External links

• "Qaddafi Plays Quietly, But He's Still in the Game," The New York Times, March 17, 1991.