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Clive Staples Lewis was a British writer,literary scholar,and Anglican lay theologian. He held academic positions in English literature at both Magdalen College,Oxford (1925–1954),and Magdalene College,Cambridge (1954–1963). He is best known as the author of The Chronicles of Narnia,but he is also noted for his other works of fiction,such as The Screwtape Letters and The Space Trilogy,and for his non-fiction Christian apologetics,including Mere Christianity,Miracles,and The Problem of Pain.
The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel by the English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. Set in Middle-earth,the story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 children's book The Hobbit,but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in stages between 1937 and 1949,The Lord of the Rings is one of the best-selling books ever written,with over 150 million copies sold.
Gandalf is a protagonist in J. R. R. Tolkien's novels The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings. He is a wizard,one of the Istari order,and the leader of the Fellowship of the Ring. Tolkien took the name "Gandalf" from the Old Norse "Catalogue of Dwarves" (Dvergatal) in the Völuspá.
Treebeard,or Fangorn in Sindarin,is a tree-giant character in J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. He is an Ent and is said by Gandalf to be "the oldest living thing that still walks beneath the Sun upon this Middle-earth." He lives in the ancient Forest of Fangorn,to which he has given his name. It lies at the southern end of the Misty Mountains. He is described as being about 14 feet in height,and in appearance similar to a beech or an oak.
The Return of the King is the third and final volume of J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings,following The Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers. It was published in 1955. The story begins in the kingdom of Gondor,which is soon to be attacked by the Dark Lord Sauron.
Bree is a fictional village in J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth,east of the Shire. Bree-land,which contains Bree and a few other villages,is the only place where Hobbits and Men lived side by side. It was inspired by the name of the Buckinghamshire village of Brill,meaning "hill-hill",which Tolkien visited regularly in his early years at the University of Oxford,and informed by his passion for linguistics.
"The Scouring of the Shire" is the penultimate chapter of J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy The Lord of the Rings. The Fellowship hobbits,Frodo,Sam,Merry,and Pippin,return home to the Shire to find that it is under the brutal control of ruffians and their leader "Sharkey",revealed to be the Wizard Saruman. The ruffians have despoiled the Shire,cutting down trees and destroying old houses,as well as replacing the old mill with a larger one full of machinery which pollutes the air and the water. The hobbits rouse the Shire to rebellion,lead their fellow hobbits to victory in the Battle of Bywater,and end Saruman's rule.
Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college in Middlebury,Vermont. Founded in 1800 by Congregationalists,Middlebury was the first operating college or university in Vermont.
The Mythopoeic Awards for literature and literary studies are given annually for outstanding works in the fields of myth,fantasy,and the scholarly study of these areas. Established by the Mythopoeic Society in 1971,the Mythopoeic Fantasy Award is given for "fiction in the spirit of the Inklings",and the Scholarship Award for non-fiction work. The award is a statuette of a seated lion,with a plaque on the base. It has drawn resemblance to,and is often called,the "Aslan".
Mythopoeia,or mythopoesis,is a narrative genre in modern literature and film where an artificial or fictionalized mythology is created by the writer of prose,poetry,or other literary forms. The concept,which long preexisted him,was widely popularised by J. R. R. Tolkien in the 1930s. The authors in this genre integrate traditional mythological themes and archetypes into fiction. Mythopoeia is also the act of creating a mythology.
The Mythopoeic Society (MythSoc) is a non-profit organization devoted to the study of mythopoeic literature,particularly the works of J. R. R. Tolkien,Charles Williams,and C. S. Lewis. These men were all members of The Inklings,an informal group of writers who met weekly in Lewis' rooms at Magdalen College,Oxford,from the early 1930s until late 1949.
Ents are a species of sentient beings in J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy world of Middle-earth who closely resemble trees;their leader is Treebeard of Fangorn forest. Their name is derived from an Old English word for "giant".
Miraz is a fictional character from C. S. Lewis's fantasy series The Chronicles of Narnia. He is the main antagonist in the book Prince Caspian,and is the uncle of the book's protagonist.
Scholars and critics have identified many themes of The Lord of the Rings,a major fantasy novel by J. R. R. Tolkien,including a reversed quest,the struggle of good and evil,death and immortality,fate and free will,the danger of power,and various aspects of Christianity such as the presence of three Christ figures,for prophet,priest,and king,as well as elements like hope and redemptive suffering. There is also a strong thread throughout the work of language,its sound,and its relationship to peoples and places,along with moralisation from descriptions of landscape. Out of these,Tolkien stated that the central theme is death and immortality.
"The Future of Forestry" is a poem by C. S. Lewis and one of three poems,along with "Under Sentence" and "Pan's Purge",where he expressed concern about the impact that modern society and technology would have on the countryside. It was first published in The Oxford Magazine in February 1938 and contains themes of social critique that would be present in Lewis's later Narnia series. The poem has been compared to later poems,such as Philip Larkin's 1972 work "Going,Going".
The Ainur (singular: Ainu) are the immortal spirits existing before the Creation in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional universe. These were the first beings made of the thought of Eru Ilúvatar. They were able to sing such beautiful music that the world was created from it.
Alexei Kondratiev was an American author,linguist,and teacher of Celtic languages,folklore and culture. He taught the Irish language and Celtic history at the Irish Arts Center in Manhattan,New York from 1985 until his death on May 28,2010. Nine editions of his book,The Apple Branch,were published in English and Spanish from 1998 to 2004. At various times,he taught all six of the living Celtic languages.
The Chronicles of Narnia is a series of seven fantasy novels for children written by C. S. Lewis. It is considered a classic of children's literature and is the author's best-known work,having sold over 100 million copies in 47 languages. The series borrows characters and ideas from Classical,Norse,Irish,Arthurian,Islamic,Jewish and Christian mythology. Of all the mythologies taken into consideration,the Christian one is the most fundamental for the Narnia series,due to the themes covered.
Jonathan Evans is a professor of medieval languages and literature at the University of Georgia. He is known as a Tolkien scholar,including for his 2006 book Ents,Elves,and Eriador and his contributions to The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia.
References
- 1 2 Faculty profile Archived 2006-09-13 at the Wayback Machine at Middlebury College, retrieved 2009-11-19.
- 1 2 Biography as an invited speaker at the 19th Annual Fall Workshop on Computational Geometry, Tufts University, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ Dickerson's research web page Archived 2009-02-09 at the Wayback Machine at Middlebury College, retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ According to a Google scholar search, 2009-11-19.
- ↑ Dickerson, Matthew T.; Drysdale, Robert L. (Scot) III; Sack, Jörg-Rüdiger (1992), "Simple algorithms for enumerating interpoint distances and finding k nearest neighbors", International Journal of Computational Geometry and Applications , 2 (3): 221–239, doi:10.1142/S0218195992000147 .
- ↑ Dickerson, Matthew T.; Montague, Mark H. (1996), "A (usually?) connected subgraph of the minimum-weight triangulation", Proceedings of the 12th Annual Symposium on Computational Geometry, ACM, pp. 204–213, doi:10.1145/237218.237364, ISBN 0-89791-804-5, S2CID 18962760 .
- ↑ Dickerson's Vermont fishing articles Archived 2009-02-12 at the Wayback Machine from his Middlebury College web site. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- 1 2 Biography Archived 2010-06-11 at the Wayback Machine as a featured speaker at the Fall 2009 Houghton College Writing Festival. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ About us Archived 2009-07-31 at the Wayback Machine , Vermont Conference on Christianity and the Arts. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ Deep Freyed Blues Band Archived 2011-02-02 at the Wayback Machine . Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ Brazos Press, 2003, ISBN 978-1-58743-085-5
- ↑ Reviews of Following Gandalf: Review by David O'Hara (2004), Christianity Today; Review by Gregory S. Bucher Archived 2009-12-31 at the Wayback Machine (2004), Journal of Religion and Society; Review by Augustine J. Curley (2003), Library Journal; Review by Rudy Regehr Archived 2012-10-03 at the Wayback Machine (2006), Journal of Religion and Popular Culture .
- ↑ Past finalists for the Mythopoeic Scholarship Awards Archived 2009-08-31 at the Wayback Machine , from the web site of the Mythopoeic Society. Retrieved 2009-11-18.
- ↑ with Jonathan Evans, University Press of Kentucky, 2006, ISBN 978-0-8131-2418-6
- 1 2 Reviews of ''Ents, Elves, and Eriador: Review by Patrick Curry (2007), Tolkien Studies4: 238–244, doi : 10.1353/tks.2007.0010; Review by Susan Palwick (2008), Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment15 (1): 266–268, doi : 10.1093/isle/15.1.266.
- ↑ with David L. O'Hara, The University Press of Kentucky, 2009, ISBN 978-0-8131-2522-0
- ↑ Reviews of ''Narnia and the Fields of Arbol: Review by Charles C. Nash Archived 2009-01-18 at the Wayback Machine (2008), Library Journal; Jason Peters, The Natural in the Light of the Supernatural (2010), The Review of Politics; Elizabeth Blum, Review of Narnia and the Fields of Arbol (2010), Environmental History; Débora Maldonado-DeOliveira, Review of Narnia and the Fields of Arbol (2011), Rocky Mountain Review; Charles A. Huttar, Review of Narnia and the Fields of Arbol (2009), The C.S. Lewis Journal.
- ↑ Crossway Books, 1991, ISBN 978-0-89107-604-9
- ↑ Verlag Schulte & Gerth, 1996, ISBN 3-89437-422-5
- ↑ Cornerstone Press, 2003, ISBN 978-0-940895-49-2
- ↑ Review of Hammers and Nails: Review by Chris Macintosh (2003), The Phantom Tollbooth.
- ↑ with David L. O'Hara, Brazos Press, 2006, ISBN 978-1-58743-133-3
- ↑ Review of From Homer to Harry Potter: Review by Gregory Hartley (2007), Christianity and Literature.
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