Prabalgad

Last updated

Prabalgad
प्रबळगड
Part of maharastra
Raigad District, Maharashtra
Prabal machi.jpg
Kalavantin Durg and Prabalgad
India Maharashtra location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Prabalgad
Shown within Maharashtra
India location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Prabalgad
Prabalgad (India)
Coordinates 18°58′24″N73°13′27″E / 18.9734°N 73.2243°E / 18.9734; 73.2243
TypeHill fort
Site information
OwnerGovernment of India
Controlled by Flag of the Maratha Empire.svg Maratha Empire (1657)
Flag of India.svg Government of India (1947-)

Prabalgad (also known as Muranjan, Pradhangad or Prabalmachi) is a fort located between Matheran and Panvel and comes under the Raigad District in the state of Maharashtra, India.

Contents

The Prabalgad Fort stands at an elevation of 2,300 feet (700 m) in the Western Ghats. The fort was previously known as Muranjan until it was taken over and renamed by the Maratha forces under Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj's rule. [1] Its sister fort is Irshalgad. [2] Right next to Prabalgad, to its north, lies the steep Kalavantin pinnacle.

History

The Prabalgad Fort was built by the Bahmani Sultanate to keep an eye on the Panvel Fort and the Kalyan Fort in the North Konkan area.[ citation needed ] Around 1458 A.D, "Malik Ahmad" the prime minister of the kingdom of Ahmednagar, took over the fort during his conquest of Konkan. [3] [ failed verification ] After disintegration of the Bahmani Sultanate, the fort remained with the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.

During the collapse of the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, Shahaji led a helping hand against the separate forces of the Mughal Empire and the Adil Shahi dynasty. After the collapse of the Sultanate, he moved to Muranjan along with his wife Jijabai and son Shivaji for a brief period of time.

However, following Shahaji's defeat and the agreement of Mahuli, North Konkan along with the fort, was ceded to Mughals who granted ruling authority of the area to Adilshah of Bijapur. [4] Shivaji conquered the fort from the Mughals in 1657 A.D, after which he established himself in the Kalyan-Bhivandi area. [5] [6]

During the attack by Shivaji, the fort was governed by "Kesar Singh", a Mughal sardar, and was the only fort to put up a strong resistance. Singh died during the battle in October 1657. [5] [7] Kesar Singh's mother hid herself and her grandchild during the attack. Shivaji, in an act of kindness made sure the lady and the child were allowed a safe passage out. [8] [9]

In the year 1826, Umaji Naik, a freedom fighter and his associates were believed to have made the fort as their home for a brief period of time. [ citation needed ]

Geography

Prabalgad lies on the Prabal plateau between Matheran and Panvel and can be easily spotted from the Mumbai-Pune expressway. The Ulhas River runs to the east of the fort while the "Gadhi River" runs to the west. The Patalganga River is to the south.

The forts of Chanderi and Peb are to the west. The Manikgad Fort is to the south while the Karnala fort is located towards the north.

Kalavantin Durg is a 685m high pinnacle on the northern edge of the Prabal plateau. It is located near the Machi and near the Vajepur village. [10]

Climate

Prabalgad has a tropical monsoon climate (Am) with little to no rainfall from November to May and extremely heavy rainfall from June to September with moderately heavy showers in October.

Climate data for Prabalgad
MonthJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecYear
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)27.9
(82.2)		28.9
(84.0)		31.2
(88.2)		32.8
(91.0)		32.9
(91.2)		30.0
(86.0)		27.1
(80.8)		26.9
(80.4)		27.7
(81.9)		30.2
(86.4)		29.8
(85.6)		28.8
(83.8)		29.5
(85.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)21.5
(70.7)		22.3
(72.1)		25.0
(77.0)		27.3
(81.1)		28.3
(82.9)		26.7
(80.1)		24.8
(76.6)		24.4
(75.9)		24.6
(76.3)		25.5
(77.9)		23.9
(75.0)		22.3
(72.1)		24.7
(76.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)15.1
(59.2)		15.8
(60.4)		18.9
(66.0)		21.8
(71.2)		23.7
(74.7)		23.4
(74.1)		22.5
(72.5)		22.0
(71.6)		21.6
(70.9)		20.9
(69.6)		18.1
(64.6)		15.8
(60.4)		20.0
(67.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches)0
(0)		0
(0)		0
(0)		5
(0.2)		23
(0.9)		694
(27.3)		1,983
(78.1)		1,357
(53.4)		584
(23.0)		119
(4.7)		14
(0.6)		3
(0.1)		4,782
(188.3)
Source: [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shivaji</span> First Chhatrapati of the Marathas (r. 1674–80)

Shivaji I was an Indian ruler and a member of the Bhonsle dynasty. Shivaji carved out his own independent kingdom from the Sultanate of Bijapur that formed the genesis of the Maratha Confederacy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shivneri Fort</span> Fort in Maharashtra, India

Shivneri Fort is an ancient military fortification located near Junnar in Pune district in Maharashtra, India. It is the birthplace of Shivaji, the founder of Maratha Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sinhagad</span> Hill Fort in Maharashtra, India

Sinhagad is an ancient hill fortress located at around 49 km southwest of the city of Pune, India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shahaji</span> Father of Shivaji Bhonsle and eldest son of Maloji Raje Bhonsle (1594-1664)

Shahaji Bhonsale was a 17th century Indian military leader who served the Ahmadnagar Sultanate, the Bijapur Sultanate, and the Mughal Empire at various points in his career. As a member of the Bhonsle dynasty, Shahaji inherited the Pune and Supe jagirs (fiefs) from his father Maloji, who previously served the Ahmadnagar Sultanate. During the Mughal invasion of the Deccan, Shahaji joined the Mughal forces and served under Emperor Shah Jahan for a short period. After being deprived of his jagirs, he defected to the Bijapur Sultanate in 1632 and regained control over Pune and Supe. In 1638, he received the jagir of Bangalore after Bijapur's invasion of Kempe Gowda III's territories. Afterwards, he became the chief general of Bijapur and oversaw its expansion.

Panvel is a city and taluka in Raigad district of Maharashtra, India. It is highly populated due to its closeness to Mumbai. Panvel is also governed for development purpose by the body of Mumbai Metropolitan Region. Panvel Municipal Corporation is the first Municipal Corporation in Raigad and the 27th Municipal corporation of Maharashtra State.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nashik district</span> District of Maharashtra in India

Nashik district, formerly known as Nasik district, is a district in Maharashtra, India. The city of Nashik is the administrative headquarters of the district. Nashik is well known for the production of wine. Nashik is also known as Mini Maharashtra, because the climate and soil conditions of Surgana, Peth, Igatpuri resembles with Konkan. Niphad, Sinnar, Dindori, Baglan blocks are like Western Maharashtra and Yeola, Nandgaon, Chandwad blocks are like Vidarbha Region. Nashik is the biggest city in the district while Malegaon is the second biggest city. Manmad, Igatpuri, and Sinnar are some of the big cities situated in the Nashik District. Manmad is one of the biggest railway junctions in India while the city of Malegaon is famous for its powerloom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chakan fort</span> Land fort in Chakan, Pune, Maharashtra, India

Sangram Durga is a land fort situated at Chakan, Pune, Maharashtra, India. The original area of the fort was 65 acres, currently it is only 5.5 acres.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Narnala</span> Fort in India

Narnala Fort or Narnala Qila Sarkar, also known as Shahnoor Fort, is a hill fortress in the Satpura Range of Vidarbh, Maharashtra, India, named after the Rajput Solanki Chaulukya Ruler, Raja Narnal Singh, also known as Narnal Singh Swami. It was renamed as "Shahnoor" by Islamic rulers but again acquired, rebuilt and got its name "Narnala" by ruler Rao Rana Narnal Singh Solanki, who migrated from Patan in Gujarat.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ahmadnagar Sultanate</span> Deccan Indian kingdom (1490–1636)

The Sultanate of Ahmednagar was a late medieval Indian Muslim kingdom located in the northwestern Deccan, between the sultanates of Gujarat and Bijapur, ruled by the Nizam Shahi dynasty. It was established when Malik Ahmed, the Bahmani governor of Junnar, after defeating the Bahmani army led by general Jahangir Khan on 28 May 1490, declared independence and established the Ahmadnagar Sultanate.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Purandar Fort</span> Fort in Maharashtra, India

Purandar Fort is a mountain fort in Pune district in Western Indian state of Maharashtra, India. The fort stands at 1,374 metres (4,508 ft) above the sea level in the Western Ghats, 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the southeast of Pune.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karnala Fort</span> Fort in India

Karnala Fort is a hill fort in Raigad district, Maharashtra, India, about 10 km from Panvel city. Currently it is a protected place lying within the Karnala Bird Sanctuary. It was a place of strategic importance since it overlooked the Bor pass, which connected the Konkan coast to the interior of Maharashtra on the main trade route between these areas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mahuli</span>

Mahuli is an area of the Indian state of Maharashtra, covering about 6km. It is approximately 75km north-east of Mumbai in the 421601 postcode.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Patta Fort</span>

Patta Fort, or Patta Killa, also known as Vishramgad, is a fort situated between Nasik and Ahmadnagar in Maharashtra, India. The Indian ruler Chatrapati Shivaji I Maharaj once visited and rested there. The residents of Patta Killa are known as Pattekar, meaning "residents of Fort Patta". Patta Fort stands approximately 1,392 metres (4,567 ft) above sea level.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Irshalgad</span> Fortress in India

Irshalgad is a fortress located between Matheran and Panvel in Maharashtra, India. It is a sister fort to Prabalgad. The area of the fort is not large but there are several water cisterns cut from the rock. The nearest village is Irshalwadi.

Shivaji was the founder of the Maratha Empire in the Indian subcontinent. This article describes Shivaji's life from his birth until the age of 19 years (1630–1649).

Maloji Bhonsale was a Maratha Sardar who served as the Sargiroh of Ahmadnagar Sultanate. He was the father of Shahaji and the grandfather of Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha Kingdom.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Islam in Maharashtra</span> Ethnic group

Islam is the second largest religion in Maharashtra, India, comprising 12,971,152 people which is 11.54% of the population. Muslims are largely concentrated in urban areas of the state, especially in Mumbai and the Marathwada region. There are several groups of Muslims in Maharashtra: Marathi and Konkani Muslims, whose native language is various dialects of Marathi and Konkani, Dakhni Muslims, whose native language is Dakhni Urdu, and more recent Urdu-speaking migrants from North India.

The Battle of Bhatvadi was fought in 1624, near modern Bhatodi Pargaon village in Maharashtra, India. The Ahmadnagar army led by Malik Ambar defeated a combined Mughal-Bijapur force led by the Bijapuri general Mullah Muhammad Lari.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shivaji's invasions of Janjira</span> Military campaigns of Marathas against Siddis of Janjira

The Shivaji's invasions of Janjira were a series of military campaigns launched by the first Maratha ruler, Shivaji, against the Abyssinian rulers of the sea fortress of Janjira named Siddis between 1661 and 1676. The Marathas attacked the Janjira fort annually, and during the final siege of 1676, the Maratha Peshwa Moropant faced a counterattack by the Siddis, forcing the Marathas to retreat with heavy casualties.

References

  1. ↑ Kamal Shrikrishna Gokhale (1978). Chhatrapati Sambhaji. Navakamal Publications.
  2. ↑ Gunaji, Milind (2010). Offbeat Tracks in Maharashtra. Popular Prakashan. pp. 50–52. ISBN   9788179915783.
  3. ↑ Radhey Shyam (1966). The Kingdom of Ahmadnagar. Motilal Banarsidass Publisher. p. 28. ISBN   978-81-208-2651-9.
  4. ↑ The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies, Volumes 7-9. Institute of Historical Studies. 1968. p. 187.
  5. 1 2 Govind Sakharam Sardesai (1957). New History of the Marathas: Shivaji and his line (1600-1707). Phoenix Publications. p. 115.
  6. ↑ Nilkant Sadashiv Takakhav, Kr̥shṇarāva Arjuna Keḷūsakara (1985). Life of Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire, Volume 1. Sunita Publications. pp. 226–227.
  7. ↑ Murlidhar Balkrishna Deopujari (1973). Shivaji and the Maratha art of war. Vidarbha Samshodhan Mandal. p. 61.
  8. ↑ V. B. Kulkarni (1963). Shivaji: The Portrait of a Patriot. Orient Longmans. p. 46.
  9. ↑ Ambika Sharma. "Prabalgad – Glory at its best". Archived from the original on 24 September 2013.
  10. ↑ Harish Kapadia (1 March 2004). Trek the Sahyadris. Indus Publishing. pp. 57–58. ISBN   978-81-7387-151-1.
  11. ↑ "Prabalgad Machi climate: Average Temperature, weather by month, Prabalgad Machi weather averages - Climate-Data.org". en.climate-data.org. Retrieved 25 December 2021.

18°58′16″N73°13′31″E / 18.971193°N 73.225293°E / 18.971193; 73.225293

This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.