Coushatta (population)"},"parts_type":{"wt":"Incorporated municipalities"},"parts_style":{"wt":""},"parts":{"wt":"4 (total)"},"p1":{"wt":"1 town and 3 villages"},"p2":{"wt":"''(located entirely or partially
within parish boundaries)''\n"},"government_footnotes":{"wt":""},"government_type":{"wt":""},"governing_body":{"wt":""},"leader_party":{"wt":""},"leader_title":{"wt":""},"leader_name":{"wt":""},"leader_title1":{"wt":""},"leader_name1":{"wt":"\n"},"total_type":{"wt":""},"unit_pref":{"wt":"\n"},"area_footnotes":{"wt":""},"area_magnitude":{"wt":""},"dunam_link":{"wt":""},"area_total_km2":{"wt":""},"area_total_sq_mi":{"wt":"402"},"area_total_ha":{"wt":""},"area_total_acre":{"wt":""},"area_total_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_land_km2":{"wt":""},"area_land_sq_mi":{"wt":"389"},"area_land_ha":{"wt":""},"area_land_acre":{"wt":""},"area_land_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_water_km2":{"wt":""},"area_water_sq_mi":{"wt":"13"},"area_water_ha":{"wt":""},"area_water_acre":{"wt":""},"area_water_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_water_percent":{"wt":""},"area_urban_footnotes":{"wt":""},"area_urban_km2":{"wt":""},"area_urban_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"area_urban_ha":{"wt":""},"area_urban_acre":{"wt":""},"area_urban_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_rural_footnotes":{"wt":""},"area_rural_km2":{"wt":""},"area_rural_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"area_rural_ha":{"wt":""},"area_rural_acre":{"wt":""},"area_rural_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_metro_footnotes":{"wt":""},"area_metro_km2":{"wt":""},"area_metro_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"area_metro_ha":{"wt":""},"area_metro_acre":{"wt":""},"area_metro_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_rank":{"wt":""},"area_blank1_title":{"wt":"percentage"},"area_blank1_km2":{"wt":""},"area_blank1_sq_mi":{"wt":"3.3"},"area_blank1_ha":{"wt":""},"area_blank1_acre":{"wt":""},"area_blank1_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_title":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_km2":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_ha":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_acre":{"wt":""},"area_blank2_dunam":{"wt":""},"area_note":{"wt":""},"dimensions_footnotes":{"wt":""},"length_km":{"wt":""},"length_mi":{"wt":""},"width_km":{"wt":""},"width_mi":{"wt":""},"elevation_footnotes":{"wt":""},"elevation_m":{"wt":""},"elevation_ft":{"wt":""},"elevation_point":{"wt":""},"elevation_max_footnotes":{"wt":""},"elevation_max_m":{"wt":""},"elevation_max_ft":{"wt":""},"elevation_max_point":{"wt":""},"elevation_max_rank":{"wt":""},"elevation_min_footnotes":{"wt":""},"elevation_min_m":{"wt":""},"elevation_min_ft":{"wt":""},"elevation_min_point":{"wt":""},"elevation_min_rank":{"wt":""},"population_footnotes":{"wt":""},"population_as_of":{"wt":"[[2020 United States Census|2020]]"},"population_total":{"wt":"7620"},"pop_est_footnotes":{"wt":""},"pop_est_as_of":{"wt":""},"population_est":{"wt":""},"population_rank":{"wt":""},"population_density_km2":{"wt":"23"},"population_density_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_urban_footnotes":{"wt":""},"population_urban":{"wt":""},"population_density_urban_km2":{"wt":""},"population_density_urban_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_rural_footnotes":{"wt":""},"population_rural":{"wt":""},"population_density_rural_km2":{"wt":""},"population_density_rural_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_metro_footnotes":{"wt":""},"population_metro":{"wt":""},"population_density_metro_km2":{"wt":""},"population_density_metro_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_density":{"wt":""},"population_density_rank":{"wt":""},"population_blank1_title":{"wt":""},"population_blank1":{"wt":""},"population_density_blank1_km2":{"wt":""},"population_density_blank1_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_blank2_title":{"wt":""},"population_blank2":{"wt":""},"population_density_blank2_km2":{"wt":""},"population_density_blank2_sq_mi":{"wt":""},"population_demonym":{"wt":""},"population_demonyms":{"wt":""},"population_note":{"wt":""},"demographics_type1":{"wt":""},"demographics1_footnotes":{"wt":""},"demographics1_title1":{"wt":""},"demographics1_info1":{"wt":"\n"},"demographics_type2":{"wt":""},"demographics2_footnotes":{"wt":""},"demographics2_title1":{"wt":""},"demographics2_info1":{"wt":"\n"},"timezone1":{"wt":"[[North American Central Time Zone|CST]]"},"utc_offset1":{"wt":"-6"},"timezone1_DST":{"wt":"[[North American Central Time Zone|CDT]]"},"utc_offset1_DST":{"wt":"-5"},"timezone1_location":{"wt":""},"timezone2":{"wt":""},"utc_offset2":{"wt":""},"timezone2_DST":{"wt":""},"utc_offset2_DST":{"wt":""},"timezone2_location":{"wt":""},"postal_code_type":{"wt":""},"postal_code":{"wt":""},"postal2_code_type":{"wt":""},"postal2_code":{"wt":""},"area_code_type":{"wt":"Area code"},"area_code":{"wt":"[[Area code 318|318]]"},"area_codes":{"wt":""},"geocode":{"wt":""},"iso_code":{"wt":""},"registration_plate_type":{"wt":""},"registration_plate":{"wt":""},"code1_name":{"wt":""},"code1_info":{"wt":""},"code2_name":{"wt":""},"code2_info":{"wt":""},"blank_name_sec1":{"wt":"Congressional district"},"blank_info_sec1":{"wt":"[[Louisiana's 4th congressional district|4th]]"},"blank1_name_sec1":{"wt":""},"blank1_info_sec1":{"wt":""},"blank2_name_sec1":{"wt":""},"blank2_info_sec1":{"wt":"\n"},"blank_name_sec2":{"wt":""},"blank_info_sec2":{"wt":""},"blank1_name_sec2":{"wt":""},"blank1_info_sec2":{"wt":""},"blank2_name_sec2":{"wt":""},"blank2_info_sec2":{"wt":"\n"},"website":{"wt":"{{URL|http://rrppj.org/|Red River Parish Police Jury}}"},"module":{"wt":""},"footnotes":{"wt":""}},"i":0}}]}" id="mwCQ">Parish in Louisiana, United States
Red River Parish, Louisiana | |
---|---|
Parish of Red River | |
Country | United States |
State | Louisiana |
Region | North Louisiana |
Founded | March 2, 1871 |
Named for | Red River |
Parish seat | Coushatta |
Largest municipality | Martin (area) Coushatta (population) |
Incorporated municipalities | 4 (total)
|
Area | |
• Total | 1,040 km2 (402 sq mi) |
• Land | 1,010 km2 (389 sq mi) |
• Water | 30 km2 (13 sq mi) |
• percentage | 9 km2 (3.3 sq mi) |
Population (2020) | |
• Total | 7,620 |
• Density | 23/km2 (60/sq mi) |
Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
Area code | 318 |
Congressional district | 4th |
Website | Red River Parish Police Jury |
Red River Parish (French : Paroisse de la Rivière-Rouge) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,620, [1] making it the fourth-least populous parish in Louisiana. The parish seat and most populous municipality is Coushatta. [2] It is one of the newer parishes, created in 1871 by the state legislature from parts of Bienville, Bossier, Caddo, Desoto and Natchitoches Parishes under Reconstruction. [3] The plantation economy was based on cotton cultivation, highly dependent on enslaved African labor before the American Civil War.
In 1880, the parish had a population with more than twice as many blacks as whites. [4] They were essentially disenfranchised in 1898 under a new state constitution after the white Democrats regained power in the state in the late 1870s through paramilitary intimidation at the polls. Most of the former slaves worked as sharecroppers and laborers, cultivating cotton. Because of the mechanization of agriculture, many blacks left the parish during the mid-20th century Great Migration to seek better job opportunities elsewhere. By 2000, the parish population was 9,622, with a white majority, but Coushatta itself was still two-thirds black.
As in many other rural areas, Red River Parish and the Red River Valley were areas of white vigilante and paramilitary violence after the Civil War, as insurgents tried to regain power after the South's defeat. The state legislature during Reconstruction created the parish in 1871, one of a number established to develop Republican Party strength.
Marshall H. Twitchell was a Union veteran who moved to the parish from Vermont and married a local woman. With the help of her family, he became a successful cotton planter and local leader. He was elected in 1870 as a Republican to the state legislature and filled four local offices with his brother and three brothers-in-law, the latter native to the parish. He won support from freedmen by appointing some to local offices and promoting education. [5] : 356–357 [6]
During the 1870s, there were regular outbreaks of violence in Louisiana, despite the presence of two thousand federal troops stationed there. [5] : 550 The extended agricultural depression and poor economy of the late 19th century aggravated social tensions, as both freedmen and whites struggled to survive and to manage new labor arrangements.
The disputed gubernatorial election of 1872 increased political tensions in the state, especially as the outcome was unsettled for months. Both the Democratic Party and Republican candidates certified their own slates of local officers. Established in May 1874 from white militias, the White League was formed first in the Red River Valley in nearby Grant Parish. The organization grew increasingly well-organized in rural areas like Red River Parish. Soon White League chapters rose across the state. [7] : 76 Operating openly, the White League used violence against officeholders, running some out of town and killing others, and suppressed election turnout among black and white Republicans. [7] : 76
In August 1874 the White League forced six white Republicans from office in Coushatta and ordered them to leave the state. Members assassinated them before they left Louisiana. Four of the men murdered were the brother and three brothers-in-law of state Senator Marshall Twitchell. [5] : 551 The White League also killed five to twenty freedmen who had accompanied the Twitchell relatives and were witnesses to the vigilante acts. [6] [7] : 76–77
Historians came to call the events the Coushatta Massacre. The murders contributed to Republican Governor William Pitt Kellogg's request to President Grant for more Federal troops to help control the state. Ordinary Southerners wrote to President Grant at the White House describing the terrible conditions of violence and fear they lived under during these times. [7] : 76–77
With increased voter fraud, paramilitary violence against Republican blacks and whites, and intimidation at the polls preventing people from voting, white Democrats regained control of the state legislature in 1876. The population of the parish in 1880 was 8,573, of whom 2,506 were whites and 6,007 were blacks. [4] In 1898 the state achieved disfranchisement of most blacks and many poor whites through a new constitution that created numerous barriers to voter registration. [8]
To seek better opportunities and escape the oppression of segregation, underfunded education, and disfranchisement, thousands of African Americans left Red River and other rural parishes in the Great Migration north and west. As may be seen in the census table below, most left from 1940 to 1970, when the parish had steep population decreases. Regional agricultural problems contributed to outmigration, especially after increasing mechanization in the 1930s reduced the need for laborers. At this time many African Americans from Louisiana went to California, where the defense industry associated with World War II was growing and workers were needed.
Additional outmigration from the parish occurred as late as the 1980s, when African Americans from Louisiana migrated within the South to jobs in developing metropolitan areas of New South states. [9] [10]
Red River Parish has been a Democratic Party stronghold since the party reestablished dominance in 1876. As in other southern states, recent decades have brought a realignment in politics in Presidential elections, with the conservative white majority of the parish voting for Republican U.S. President George W. Bush in his 2004 reelection. The majority of the parish voters, however, has continued to support Democratic candidates at the state and local level.
Red River was one of only three parishes that did not vote for the Republican gubernatorial candidate, U.S. Representative Bobby Jindal in the October 20, 2007, jungle primary. The others were nearby Bienville and St. Bernard, located southeast of New Orleans. [11]
Despite its Democratic heritage, Red River Parish is represented in the Louisiana State Senate by a Republican, Gerald Long, the only member of the Long dynasty not to have been elected to office as a Democrat. Long defeated the Democratic candidate, Thomas Taylor Townsend, in the 2007 nonpartisan blanket primary. Both candidates came from Natchitoches.
Louisiana was the last state to issue same-sex marriage licenses in 2015 after a landmark Supreme Court decision to allow same-sex marriage in all 50 U.S. states. Red River Parish was the final holdout of Louisiana's 64 parishes when it continued to deny marriage licenses after 63 other parishes began doing so in late June 2015. Parish Clerk of Court Stuart Shaw was the only official besides Governor Bobby Jindal to continue to defy the Supreme Court's ruling even after the Clerks of Court Association reversed their "wait and see" position. [12]
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the parish has a total area of 402 square miles (1,040 km2), of which 389 square miles (1,010 km2) is land and 13 square miles (34 km2) (3.3%) is water. [13]
According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Red River Parish has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps. The hottest temperature recorded in Red River Parish was 108 °F (42.2 °C) on August 3, 1998, September 4, 2000, and August 19, 2011, while the coldest temperature recorded was 3 °F (−16.1 °C) on December 23, 1989. [14]
Climate data for Red River, Louisiana, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1969–present | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 81 (27) | 87 (31) | 90 (32) | 95 (35) | 99 (37) | 103 (39) | 105 (41) | 108 (42) | 108 (42) | 97 (36) | 88 (31) | 83 (28) | 108 (42) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 75.2 (24.0) | 78.1 (25.6) | 83.8 (28.8) | 88.0 (31.1) | 92.5 (33.6) | 96.3 (35.7) | 99.1 (37.3) | 100.1 (37.8) | 97.5 (36.4) | 91.1 (32.8) | 83.0 (28.3) | 77.0 (25.0) | 101.7 (38.7) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 56.7 (13.7) | 61.0 (16.1) | 68.9 (20.5) | 76.5 (24.7) | 83.8 (28.8) | 90.2 (32.3) | 93.2 (34.0) | 93.9 (34.4) | 88.9 (31.6) | 79.1 (26.2) | 67.4 (19.7) | 58.9 (14.9) | 76.5 (24.7) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 46.4 (8.0) | 50.3 (10.2) | 57.8 (14.3) | 65.2 (18.4) | 73.6 (23.1) | 80.5 (26.9) | 83.3 (28.5) | 83.1 (28.4) | 77.2 (25.1) | 66.5 (19.2) | 56.0 (13.3) | 48.4 (9.1) | 65.7 (18.7) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 36.0 (2.2) | 39.5 (4.2) | 46.6 (8.1) | 53.9 (12.2) | 63.3 (17.4) | 70.9 (21.6) | 73.4 (23.0) | 72.2 (22.3) | 65.5 (18.6) | 53.9 (12.2) | 44.7 (7.1) | 38.0 (3.3) | 54.8 (12.7) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 21.7 (−5.7) | 26.7 (−2.9) | 30.9 (−0.6) | 38.7 (3.7) | 49.7 (9.8) | 62.2 (16.8) | 67.4 (19.7) | 64.7 (18.2) | 52.4 (11.3) | 39.0 (3.9) | 29.2 (−1.6) | 25.1 (−3.8) | 20.1 (−6.6) |
Record low °F (°C) | 6 (−14) | 13 (−11) | 18 (−8) | 29 (−2) | 41 (5) | 51 (11) | 59 (15) | 50 (10) | 42 (6) | 28 (−2) | 18 (−8) | 3 (−16) | 3 (−16) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.88 (124) | 4.43 (113) | 5.07 (129) | 5.56 (141) | 4.54 (115) | 4.23 (107) | 3.41 (87) | 3.28 (83) | 3.46 (88) | 4.54 (115) | 4.03 (102) | 5.00 (127) | 52.43 (1,331) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.1 (0.25) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.5) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 8.4 | 9.8 | 100.1 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 |
Source 1: NOAA [15] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: National Weather Service [14] |
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 8,573 | — | |
1890 | 11,318 | 32.0% | |
1900 | 11,548 | 2.0% | |
1910 | 11,402 | −1.3% | |
1920 | 15,301 | 34.2% | |
1930 | 16,078 | 5.1% | |
1940 | 15,881 | −1.2% | |
1950 | 12,113 | −23.7% | |
1960 | 9,978 | −17.6% | |
1970 | 9,226 | −7.5% | |
1980 | 10,433 | 13.1% | |
1990 | 9,387 | −10.0% | |
2000 | 9,622 | 2.5% | |
2010 | 9,091 | −5.5% | |
2020 | 7,620 | −16.2% | |
U.S. Decennial Census [16] 1790-1960 [17] 1900-1990 [18] 1990-2000 [19] 2010 [20] |
Race | Number | Percentage |
---|---|---|
White (non-Hispanic) | 4,150 | 54.46% |
Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 2,952 | 38.74% |
Native American | 41 | 0.54% |
Other/Mixed | 289 | 3.79% |
Hispanic or Latino | 188 | 2.47% |
As of the census of 2000, [22] there were 9,622 people, 3,414 households, and 2,526 families living in the parish. The population density was 25 inhabitants per square mile (9.7/km2). There were 3,988 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile (3.9/km2). The racial makeup of the parish was 57.87% White, 40.91% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.22% from other races, and 0.61% from two or more races; 1.01% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. By the 2020 United States census, there were 7,620 people, 3,372 households, and 1,984 families residing in the parish, and its racial makeup was predominantly non-Hispanic white and Black or African American.
In 2000, were 3,414 households, out of which 35.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.50% were married couples living together, 18.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.00% were non-families. Individuals made up 23.10% of all households, and 11.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.23.
In the parish the population was spread out, with 30.10% under the age of 18, 9.30% from 18 to 24, 24.80% from 25 to 44, 21.50% from 45 to 64, and 14.40% who were 65 years of age or older. As of 2000, the median age was 35 years. For every 100 females there were 90.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.40 males.
According to the 2000 census, the median income for a household in the parish was $23,153, and the median income for a family was $27,870. Males had a median income of $27,132 versus $17,760 for females. The per capita income for the parish was $12,119. About 26.00% of families and 29.90% of the population were below the poverty line, including 40.10% of those under age 18 and 18.90% of those age 65 or over.
Public schools in Red River Parish are operated by the Red River Parish School District.
It is in the service area of Bossier Parish Community College. [23]
Red River Parish is governed by the Red River Parish Police Jury, which is divided into seven districts. District 1 is represented by William Brown, District 2 by Brandon Hillman, District 3 by Shawn Beard, District 4 by Jessie Davis, District 5 by John W. Moore, District 6 by Ben Taylor, and District 7 by Tray Murray. [24] Red River Parish is represented in the Louisiana State Senate by Republican Louie Bernard of District 31. [25] In the Louisiana House of Representatives, the parish is represented by Republican Michael Firment of District 22 and Democrat Kenny R. Cox of District 23. [26] In the United States House of Representatives, it is represented by Republican Mike Johnson of Louisiana's 4th congressional district. [27]
Coushatta is the home of C Troop 2-108th Cavalry Squadron, a unit dating back to the Confederate Army during the Civil War under the nickname "the Wildbunch". This unit was formerly known as A Company 1-156 Armor Battalion and served recently in Iraq during 2004-5 under the 256th Infantry Brigade. This unit returned from its second deployment to Iraq in 2010.
Christus Coushatta Health Care Center is the only hospital in Red River Parish.
Name | Address | Zip | Aged |
---|---|---|---|
Red River Parish Detention Center | E. Carroll Street, Coushatta, Louisiana | 71019 | 18+ |
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party(ies) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 2,413 | 58.40% | 1,644 | 39.79% | 75 | 1.82% |
2016 | 2,391 | 54.07% | 1,938 | 43.83% | 93 | 2.10% |
2012 | 2,483 | 51.65% | 2,253 | 46.87% | 71 | 1.48% |
2008 | 2,484 | 53.66% | 2,080 | 44.93% | 65 | 1.40% |
2004 | 2,507 | 53.15% | 2,140 | 45.37% | 70 | 1.48% |
2000 | 2,200 | 48.65% | 2,177 | 48.14% | 145 | 3.21% |
1996 | 1,344 | 31.28% | 2,641 | 61.48% | 311 | 7.24% |
1992 | 1,649 | 35.24% | 2,360 | 50.43% | 671 | 14.34% |
1988 | 2,266 | 49.41% | 2,254 | 49.15% | 66 | 1.44% |
1984 | 3,060 | 60.39% | 1,958 | 38.64% | 49 | 0.97% |
1980 | 2,147 | 43.06% | 2,776 | 55.68% | 63 | 1.26% |
1976 | 1,728 | 46.61% | 1,906 | 51.42% | 73 | 1.97% |
1972 | 2,245 | 65.95% | 957 | 28.11% | 202 | 5.93% |
1968 | 380 | 10.08% | 914 | 24.24% | 2,477 | 65.69% |
1964 | 2,235 | 87.00% | 334 | 13.00% | 0 | 0.00% |
1960 | 406 | 21.18% | 377 | 19.67% | 1,134 | 59.15% |
1956 | 661 | 36.97% | 803 | 44.91% | 324 | 18.12% |
1952 | 774 | 29.82% | 1,822 | 70.18% | 0 | 0.00% |
1948 | 113 | 5.37% | 452 | 21.46% | 1,541 | 73.17% |
1944 | 409 | 29.55% | 975 | 70.45% | 0 | 0.00% |
1940 | 231 | 10.88% | 1,892 | 89.12% | 0 | 0.00% |
1936 | 132 | 7.45% | 1,641 | 92.55% | 0 | 0.00% |
1932 | 24 | 1.42% | 1,661 | 98.34% | 4 | 0.24% |
1928 | 317 | 26.00% | 891 | 73.09% | 11 | 0.90% |
1924 | 34 | 5.26% | 579 | 89.49% | 34 | 5.26% |
1920 | 187 | 19.62% | 766 | 80.38% | 0 | 0.00% |
1916 | 4 | 0.70% | 567 | 99.30% | 0 | 0.00% |
1912 | 6 | 1.29% | 357 | 76.61% | 103 | 22.10% |
Winn Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,755. The parish seat and largest city is Winnfield. The parish was founded in 1852. It is last in alphabetical order of Louisiana's sixty-four parishes. Winn is separated from Natchitoches Parish along U.S. Highway 71 by Saline Bayou, the first blackwater protected waterway in the American South.
Webster Parish is a parish located in the northwestern section of the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish seat and largest city is Minden.
Tensas Parish is a parish located in the northeastern section of the State of Louisiana; its eastern border is the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,147. It is the least populated parish in Louisiana. The parish seat is St. Joseph. The name Tensas is derived from the historic indigenous Taensa people. The parish was founded in 1843 following Indian Removal.
Tangipahoa Parish is a parish located on the southeastern border of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 133,157. The parish seat is Amite City, while the largest city is Hammond. Southeastern Louisiana University is located in Hammond. Lake Pontchartrain borders the southeastern side of the parish.
Sabine Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,155. The parish seat and largest town is Many.
Rapides Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 130,023. The parish seat and largest city is Alexandria, which developed along the Red River of the South. Rapides is the French word for "rapids". The parish was created in 1807 after the United States acquired this territory in the Louisiana Purchase.
Pointe Coupee Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 20,758. The parish seat is New Roads.
Natchitoches Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,515. The parish seat and most populous municipality is Natchitoches, the largest by land area is Ashland, and the most density populated area is Campti. The parish was formed in 1805.
Madison Parish is a parish located on the northeastern border of the U.S. state of Louisiana, in the delta lowlands along the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,017. Its parish seat is Tallulah. The parish was formed in 1839. With a history of cotton plantations and pecan farms, the parish economy continues to be primarily agricultural. It has a majority African-American population. For years a ferry connected Delta, Louisiana to Vicksburg, Mississippi. The Vicksburg Bridge now carries U.S. Route 80 and Interstate 20 across the river into Madison Parish.
Jackson Parish is a parish in the northern part of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,031. The parish seat is Jonesboro. The parish was formed in 1845 from parts of Claiborne, Ouachita, and Union Parishes. In the twentieth century, this part of the state had several small industrial mill towns, such as Jonesboro. East of Jonesboro is the Jimmie Davis State Park, which includes Caney Lake Reservoir.
Grant Parish is a parish located in the North Central portion of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,169. The parish seat is Colfax. The parish was founded in 1869 during the Reconstruction era.
DeSoto Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. The parish was formed in 1843. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 26,812. Its parish seat and most populous municipality is Mansfield. DeSoto Parish is part of the Shreveport–Bossier City metropolitan statistical area.
Bossier Parish is a parish located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, the population was 128,746.
Bienville Parish is a parish located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Louisiana. At the 2020 census, the population was 12,981. The parish seat and most populous municipality is Arcadia.
Allen Parish is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,750. The parish seat is Oberlin and the largest city is Oakdale. Allen Parish is in southwestern Louisiana, southwest of Alexandria.
Natchitoches, officially the City of Natchitoches, is a small city and the parish seat of Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, United States. At the 2020 United States Census, the city's population was 18,039. Established in 1714 by Louis Juchereau de St. Denis as part of French Louisiana, the community was named after the indigenous Natchitoches people.
Coushatta is a town in, and the parish seat of, rural Red River Parish in north Louisiana, United States. It is situated on the east bank of the Red River. The community is approximately 45 miles south of Shreveport on U.S. Highway 71. The population, 2,299 at the 2000 census, is nearly two-thirds African American, most with long family histories in the area. The 2010 census, however, reported 1,964 residents, a decline of 335 persons, or nearly 15 percent during the course of the preceding decade. In 2020, its population was 1,752. The city is named after the Coushatta, a Native American nation indigenous to the region.
The Coushatta massacre (1874) was an attack by members of the White League, a white supremacist paramilitary organization composed of white Southern Democrats, on Republican officeholders and freedmen in Coushatta, the parish seat of Red River Parish, Louisiana. They assassinated six white Republicans and five to 20 freedmen who were witnesses.
Caddo Parish is a parish located in the northwestern corner of the U.S. state of Louisiana. According to the 2020 U.S. census, the parish had a population of 237,848. The parish seat and largest city is Shreveport, which developed along the Red River.
Marshall Harvey Twitchell was a teacher, officer in the Union Army, and businessman. Originally from Vermont, he became a prominent political figure in Louisiana's post-war Reconstruction, including two terms as a Republican member of the Louisiana State Senate. He was seriously wounded during the Civil War and was shot multiple times in an assassination attempt by white supremacists after the war. He returned north, served as a diplomat in Canada, and wrote a memoir.