Sineoamphisbaena

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Sineoamphisbaena
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous
Sineoamphisbaena-Paleozoological Museum of China.jpg
Holotype, Paleozoological Museum of China
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Genus: Sineoamphisbaena
Wu et al., 1993
Species
  • Sineoamphisbaenia hexatabularis, Wu et al., 1993

Sineoamphisbaena is an extinct genus of squamate of uncertain phylogenetic placement. Its fossils have been found in Late Cretaceous deposits in Inner Mongolia, China. [1] It contains a single species, Sineoamphisbaenia hexatabularis. [1]

Contents

Taxonomic affiliation

Wu et al. [1] and Gao [2] proposed and argued that Sineoamphisbaenia was the oldest known amphisbaenian; this, however, was challenged by other authors, such as Kearney [3] and Conrad, [4] who instead assigned Sineoamphisbaena to the group of squamates variously known as Macrocephalosauridae, Polyglyphanodontidae or Polyglyphanodontia.

A large-scale study of fossil and living squamates published by Gauthier et al. in 2012 [5] did not find evidence for a particularly close relationship between amphisbaenians and Sineoamphisbaena; in their primary analysis Sineoamphisbaena was found to be the sister taxon of the clade containing snakes, amphisbaenians, the family Dibamidae and the American legless lizard. The primary analysis of Gauthier et al. [5] did not support a close relationship between Sineoamphisbaena and polyglyphanodontians either; however, the authors noted that when all snake-like squamates and mosasaurs were removed from the analysis, and burrowing squamates were then added individually to it, Sineoamphisbaena grouped with polyglyphanodontians. Gauthier et al. [5] considered it possible that Sineoamphisbaena was a burrowing polyglyphanodontian.

Sources

References

  1. 1 2 3 Wu, Xiao-chun; Brinkman, Donald B.; Russell, Anthony P.; Dong, Zhi-ming; Currie, Philip J.; Hou, Lian-hai; Cui, Guf-hai (November 1993). "Oldest known amphisbaenian from the Upper Cretaceous of Chinese Inner Mongolia" . Nature. 366 (6450): 57–59. doi:10.1038/366057a0. ISSN   1476-4687. S2CID   4329865.
  2. Gao, Keqin (1997-06-01). "Sineoamphisbaena phylogenetic relationships discussed: Reply" . Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 34 (6): 886–889. doi:10.1139/e17-073. ISSN   0008-4077.
  3. Kearney, Maureen (2003-06-17). "The phylogenetic position of Sineoamphisbaena hexatabularis reexamined" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 23 (2): 394–403. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2003)023[0394:TPPOSH]2.0.CO;2. ISSN   0272-4634. S2CID   85683254.
  4. Conrad, Jack L. (June 2008). "Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 2008 (310): 1–182. doi:10.1206/310.1. ISSN   0003-0090. S2CID   85271610.
  5. 1 2 3 Gauthier, Jacques A.; Kearney, Maureen; Maisano, Jessica Anderson; Rieppel, Olivier; Behlke, Adam D. B. (April 2012). "Assembling the Squamate Tree of Life: Perspectives from the Phenotype and the Fossil Record" . Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 53 (1): 3–308. doi:10.3374/014.053.0101. ISSN   0079-032X. S2CID   86355757.