Timeline of knowledge about galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure

Last updated

The following is a timeline of galaxies, clusters of galaxies, and large-scale structure of the universe.

Contents

Pre-20th century

Early 20th century

Mid-20th century

Late 20th century

Early 21st century

See also

References

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  2. Kepple, George Robert; Glen W. Sanner (1998). The Night Sky Observer's Guide. Vol. 1. Willmann-Bell, Inc. p. 18. ISBN   0-943396-58-1.
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  4. "Observatoire de Paris (LMC)" . Retrieved 2007-04-19.
  5. O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni", MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive , University of St Andrews
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  15. Rubin, V. C.; Thonnard, N.; Ford, W. K., Jr. (November 1978). "Extended rotation curves of high-luminosity spiral galaxies. IV - Systematic dynamical properties, SA through SC". The Astrophysical Journal. 225: L107. doi:10.1086/182804. ISSN   0004-637X.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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  17. Antonucci, R. R. J.; Miller, J. S. (1985-10-01). "Spectropolarimetry and the nature of NGC 1068". The Astrophysical Journal. 297: 621–632. doi:10.1086/163559. ISSN   0004-637X.
  18. Yahil, A.; Walker, D.; Rowan-Robinson, M. (1986-02-01). "The Dipole Anisotropies of the IRAS Galaxies and the Microwave Background Radiation". The Astrophysical Journal. 301: L1. doi:10.1086/184612. ISSN   0004-637X.
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  20. Britt, Robert Roy. "Milky Way’s Central Structure Seen with Fresh Clarity".
  21. Devitt, Terry "Galactic survey reveals a new look for the Milky Way". Archived 2006-02-09 at the Wayback Machine 16 August 2005
  22. "Dark matter galaxy hints seen 10bn light-years away". BBC News. 2012-01-18.
  23. Wall, Mike (2013-01-11). "Largest structure in universe discovered". Fox News.
  24. Morelle, Rebecca (2013-10-23). "'Most distant galaxy' discovered". BBC News. Retrieved 2020-07-28.
  25. Horvath I.; Hakkila J. & Bagoly Z. (2014). "Possible structure in the GRB sky distribution at redshift two". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 561: L12. arXiv: 1401.0533 . Bibcode:2014A&A...561L..12H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201323020. S2CID   24224684.
  26. Horvath I.; Hakkila J. & Bagoly Z. (2013). "The largest structure of the Universe, defined by Gamma-Ray Bursts". arXiv: 1311.1104 . Bibcode:2013arXiv1311.1104H.
  27. Klotz, Irene (2013-11-19). "Universe's Largest Structure is a Cosmic Conundrum". discovery. Retrieved 2013-11-22.
  28. Tully, R. Brent; Courtois, Hélène; Hoffman, Yehuda; Pomarède, Daniel (Sep 2014). "The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies". Nature. 513 (7516): 71–73. arXiv: 1409.0880 . Bibcode:2014Natur.513...71T. doi:10.1038/nature13674. ISSN   1476-4687. PMID   25186900. S2CID   205240232.
  29. Tempel, Elmo (2014-09-01). "Cosmology: Meet the Laniakea supercluster". Nature. 513 (7516): 41–42. Bibcode:2014Natur.513...41T. doi: 10.1038/513041a . PMID   25186896. S2CID   4459417.
  30. "Newly identified galactic supercluster is home to the Milky Way". National Radio Astronomy Observatory. ScienceDaily. 3 September 2014.
  31. Irene Klotz (2014-09-03). "New map shows Milky Way lives in Laniakea galaxy complex". Reuters.
  32. Elizabeth Gibney (3 September 2014). "Earth's new address: 'Solar System, Milky Way, Laniakea'". Nature. doi:10.1038/nature.2014.15819.
  33. Quenqua, Douglas (3 September 2014). "Astronomers Give Name to Network of Galaxies". New York Times . Retrieved 4 September 2014.
  34. Carlisle, Camille M. (3 September 2014). "Laniakea: Our Home Supercluster". Sky and Telescope. Retrieved 3 September 2014.
  35. Overbye, Dennis (6 March 2020). "This Black Hole Blew a Hole in the Cosmos - The galaxy cluster Ophiuchus was doing just fine until WISEA J171227.81-232210.7 – a black hole several billion times as massive as our sun – burped on it". The New York Times . Retrieved 6 March 2020.
  36. "Biggest cosmic explosion ever detected left huge dent in space". The Guardian. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 28 February 2020.
  37. Giacintucci, S.; Markevitch, M.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.; Wik, D. R.; Wang, Q. H. S.; Clarke, T. E. (27 February 2020). "Discovery of a Giant Radio Fossil in the Ophiuchus Galaxy Cluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 891 (1): 1. arXiv: 2002.01291 . Bibcode:2020ApJ...891....1G. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab6a9d . ISSN   1538-4357. S2CID   211020555.
  38. Overbye, Dennis (20 May 2020). "The Galaxy That Grew Up Too Fast". The New York Times. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  39. "ALMA discovers massive rotating disk in early universe". phys.org. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  40. Strickland, Ashley. "Astronomers find the Wolfe Disk, an unlikely galaxy, in the distant universe". CNN. Retrieved 14 June 2020.
  41. Neeleman, Marcel; Prochaska, J. Xavier; Kanekar, Nissim; Rafelski, Marc (May 2020). "A cold, massive, rotating disk galaxy 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang". Nature. 581 (7808): 269–272. arXiv: 2005.09661 . Bibcode:2020Natur.581..269N. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2276-y. PMID   32433621. S2CID   218718343.
  42. Pomarède, Daniel; et al. (10 July 2020). "Cosmicflows-3: The South Pole Wall". The Astrophysical Journal . 897 (2): 133. arXiv: 2007.04414 . Bibcode:2020ApJ...897..133P. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab9952 . S2CID   220425419.
  43. Pomerede, D.; et al. (January 2020). "The South Pole Wall". Harvard University . Vol. 235. p. 453.01. Bibcode:2020AAS...23545301P . Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  44. Staff (10 July 2020). "Astronomers map massive structure beyond Laniakea Supercluster". University of Hawaii . Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  45. Overbye, Dennis (10 July 2020). "Beyond the Milky Way, a Galactic Wall". The New York Times . Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  46. Mann, Adam (10 July 2020). "Astronomers discover South Pole Wall, a gigantic structure stretching 1.4 billion light-years across". Live Science . Retrieved 10 July 2020.
  47. Starr, Michelle (14 July 2020). "A Giant 'Wall' of Galaxies Has Been Found Stretching Across The Universe". ScienceAlert.com. Retrieved 19 July 2020.
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  49. "No need to Mind the Gap: Astrophysicists fill in 11 billion years of our universe's expansion history". SDSS. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
  50. Staff (1 August 2022). "Edinburgh astronomers find most distant galaxy - Early data from a new space telescope has enabled Edinburgh astronomers to locate the most distant galaxy ever found". University of Edinburgh . Retrieved 29 August 2022.
  51. Planck Collaboration (2020). "Planck 2018 results. VI. Cosmological parameters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 641. page A6 (see PDF page 15, Table 2: "Age/Gyr", last column). arXiv: 1807.06209 . Bibcode:2020A&A...641A...6P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833910. S2CID   119335614.
  52. Donnan, C. T.; McLeod, D. J.; Dunlop, J. S.; McLure, R. J.; Carnall, A. C.; Begley, R.; Cullen, F.; Hamadouche, M. L.; Bowler, R. A. A.; McCracken, H. J.; Milvang-Jensen, B.; Moneti, A.; Targett, T. (2023). "The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ≃ 8 – 15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 518 (4): 6011–6040. arXiv: 2207.12356 . doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac3472 .